孙鑫- VC++在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息

   在对话框程序中,我们经常是利用对话框上的子控件进行命令响应来处理一些事件。如果我们想要让对话框(子控件的父窗口)类来响应我们的按键消息,我们可以通过ClassWizard对WM_KEYDOWN消息进行响应,当程序运行后,我们按下键盘上的按键,但对话框不会有任何的反应。这是因为在对话框程序中,某些特定的消息,例如按键消息,它们被Windows内部的对话框过程处理了(即在基类中完成了处理,有兴趣的读者可以查看MFC的源代码),或者被发送给子控件进行处理,所以我们在对话框类中就捕获不到按键的消息了。既然我们知道了这个处理的过程,我们就可以找到底层处理按键消息的函数,然后在子类中重载它,就可以在对话框程序中处理按键消息了。在MFC中,是利用BOOL ProcessMessageFilter(intcode, LPMSG lpMsg)这个虚函数来过滤或响应菜单和对话框的特定Windows消息。下面我们通过程序给大家演示基于对话框的应用程序对WM_KEYDOWN消息的捕获。

   第一步:新建一个工程,选择MFC AppWizard (exe),工程名为WinSun,点击ok,进入下一步,选择Dialog based,点击Finish。

   第二步:在CWinSunApp类上点击右键,选择Add Member Varialbe,增加一个类型为HWND,变量名m_hwndDlg的public的变量。代码如下:

孙鑫- VC++在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息
WinSun.h

class CWinSunApp : public CWinApp
{
public:
   HWND m_hwndDlg;
   CWinSunApp();
// Overrides
// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides
   //{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CWinSunApp)
 public:
   virtual BOOL InitInstance();
   //}}AFX_VIRTUAL
   // Implementation
   //{{AFX_MSG(CWinSunApp)
   // NOTE - the ClassWizard will add and remove member functions here.
   //    DO NOT EDIT what you see in these blocks of generated code !
   //}}AFX_MSG
   DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};
孙鑫- VC++在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息

      第三步:在WinSun.cppCWinSunApp类)文件中的InitInstance()函数中添加如下代码:

孙鑫- VC++在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息
WinSun.cpp

BOOL CWinSunApp::InitInstance()
{
    AfxEnableControlContainer();
    // Standard initialization
    // If you are not using these features and wish to reduce the size
    //  of your final executable, you should remove from the following
    //  the specific initialization routines you do not need.
#ifdef _AFXDLL
       Enable3dControls();                     // Call this when using MFC in a shared DLL
#else
      Enable3dControlsStatic();      // Call this when linking to MFC statically
#endif
       CWinSunDlg dlg;
       m_pMainWnd = &dlg;
       int nResponse = dlg.DoModal();
       if (nResponse == IDOK)
       {
           // TODO: Place code here to handle when the dialog is
           //  dismissed with OK
       }
       else if (nResponse == IDCANCEL)
       {
             // TODO: Place code here to handle when the dialog is
             //  dismissed with Cancel
       }

       // Since the dialog has been closed, return FALSE so that we exit the
       //  application, rather than start the application‘s message pump.
       m_hwndDlg=NULL;

       return FALSE;
}
孙鑫- VC++在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息

      第四步:CWinSunApp类上点击右键,选择Add Virtual Function,在左边一栏里,选择ProcessMessageFilter,在右边按钮上选择Add and Edit,然后加入以下代码:

孙鑫- VC++在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息
WinSun.cpp

BOOL CWinSunApp::ProcessMessageFilter(int code, LPMSG lpMsg)
{
    // TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base class
    if(m_hwndDlg!=NULL)
    {
       //判断消息,如果消息是从对话框发出的或者其子控件发出的,我们就进行处理。sunxin
       if((lpMsg->hwnd==m_hwndDlg) || ::IsChild(m_hwndDlg,lpMsg->hwnd))
       {
           //如果消息是WM_KEYDOWN,我们就弹出一个消息框。sunxin
           if(lpMsg->message==WM_KEYDOWN)
            {
                AfxMessageBox("捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息成功!");
            }

       }
     }

     return CWinApp::ProcessMessageFilter(code, lpMsg);
}
孙鑫- VC++在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息

    第五步:在WinSunDlg.cppCWinSunDlg类)中的OnInitialDialog()函数中加入以下代码:

 

孙鑫- VC++在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息
WinSunDlg.cpp

BOOL CWinSunDlg::OnInitDialog()
{
   CDialog::OnInitDialog();
   // Add "About..." menu item to system menu.
   // IDM_ABOUTBOX must be in the system command range.
   ASSERT((IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX);
   ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX < 0xF000);

   CMenu* pSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
   if (pSysMenu != NULL)
   {
       CString strAboutMenu;
       strAboutMenu.LoadString(IDS_ABOUTBOX);
       if (!strAboutMenu.IsEmpty())
       {
           pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);
           pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);
       }
    }

    // Set the icon for this dialog.  The framework does this automatically
    //  when the application‘s main window is not a dialog
    SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);                  // Set big icon
    SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);          // Set small icon

    // TODO: Add extra initialization here
    //将对话框的句柄传递到CWinSunApp类中。sunxin

   ((CWinSunApp*)AfxGetApp())->m_hwndDlg=m_hWnd;
   return TRUE;  // return TRUE  unless you set the focus to a control
}
孙鑫- VC++在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息

     第六步:在对话框窗口销毁后,将CWinSunApp类中的变量m_hwndDlg置为NULL,为此我们CWinSunDlg类上点击右键,选择Add Windows Message Handler,在左边一栏中选择WM_DESTROY,在右边按钮上选择Add and Edit,然后加入以下代码:

 

孙鑫- VC++在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息
WinSunDlg.cpp

void CWinSunDlg::OnDestroy()
{
   CDialog::OnDestroy();

   // TODO: Add your message handler code here
   ((CWinSunApp*)AfxGetApp())->m_hwndDlg=NULL;
}
孙鑫- VC++在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息

    至此,我们的工作就做完了,现在我们可以按Ctrl+F5运行程序,看到我们想要的结果。当然,如果我们想捕获WM_KEYUPWM_CHAR消息,也是类似,这就交给读者下来自行完成了。

 

 

 

 

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孙鑫- VC++在对话框程序中让对话框捕获WM_KEYDOWN消息

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