通配符模式（Topics）
根据通配符（Topics）来接收消息，将路由key和某模式进行匹配，此时队列需要绑定在一个模式上，#匹配一个词或多个词，*只匹配一个词。
使用的Exchange类型为Topic
Topic类型的Exchange：
（1）Topic类型与Direct相比，都是可以根据RoutingKey将消息路由到不同的队列，只不过Topic类型可以让队列在绑定路由时使用通配符
（2）Topic类型的RoutingKey一般是由一个或多个单词构成，多个单词之间用“.”分割，如item.insert
（3）Topic类型通配符规则：#匹配一个或多个词，*恰好匹配一个词，例如item.#，可以匹配item.insert或item.insert.user，item.*只能匹配
item.insert或item.user
Demo
生产者类WeatherTopic.cs
1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Text;
4 using RabbitMQ.Client;
5 using RabbitMQ.Client.Events;
6 using RabbitMQ.Common;
7
8 namespace RabbitMQ.Producer.Producer
9 {
10 public class WeatherTopic
11 {
12 public static void SendWeather()
13 {
14 Dictionary<string, string> area = new Dictionary<string, string>();
15 area.Add("china.hunan.changsha.20211231", "中国湖南长沙20211231天气数据");
16 area.Add("china.hubei.wuhan.20211231", "中国湖北武汉20211231天气数据");
17 area.Add("china.hubei.xiangyang.20211231", "中国湖北襄阳20211231天气数据");
18 area.Add("us.cal.lsj.20211231", "美国加州洛杉矶20211231天气数据");
19
20 using (var connection = RabbitUtils.GetConnection().CreateConnection())
21 {
22 using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
23 {
24 foreach (var item in area)
25 {
26 channel.BasicPublish(RabbitConstant.EXCHANGE_WEATHER_TOPIC, item.Key, null, Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(item.Value));
27 }
28 Console.WriteLine("气象信息发送成功！");
29 Console.WriteLine("Press [Enter] to exit");
30 Console.ReadLine();
31 }
32 }
33 }
34 }
35 }
消费者01 WeatherTopic.cs
1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Text;
4 using RabbitMQ.Client;
5 using RabbitMQ.Client.Events;
6 using RabbitMQ.Common;
7
8 namespace RabbitMQ.Consumer01.Consumer
9 {
10 public class WeatherTopic
11 {
12 public static void ReceiveWeatherInfo()
13 {
14 using (var connection = RabbitUtils.GetConnection().CreateConnection())
15 {
16 using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
17 {
18 channel.ExchangeDeclare(RabbitConstant.EXCHANGE_WEATHER_TOPIC, ExchangeType.Topic);
19 channel.QueueDeclare(RabbitConstant.QUEUE_BAIDU, true, false, false, null);
20 /*
21 * QueueBind用于将队列与交换机绑定
22 * queue:队列名
23 * exchange:交换机名
24 * routingKey：路由key
25 */
26 channel.QueueBind(queue: RabbitConstant.QUEUE_BAIDU,
27 exchange: RabbitConstant.EXCHANGE_WEATHER_TOPIC,
28 routingKey: "china.hubei.*.20211231");
29 channel.BasicQos(0, 1, false);
30 var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
31
32 consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
33 {
34 var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ea.Body.ToArray());
35 Console.WriteLine($"百度收到的气象信息：{message}");
36 channel.BasicAck(ea.DeliveryTag, false);
37 };
38 channel.BasicConsume(queue: RabbitConstant.QUEUE_BAIDU,
39 autoAck: false,
40 consumer: consumer);
41 Console.WriteLine(" Press [enter] to exit.");
42 Console.ReadLine();
43 }
44 }
45 }
46 }
47 }
消费者02 WeatherTopic.cs代码
1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Text;
4 using RabbitMQ.Client;
5 using RabbitMQ.Client.Events;
6 using RabbitMQ.Common;
7
8 namespace RabbitMQ.Consumer02.Consumer
9 {
10 public class WeatherTopic
11 {
12 public static void ReceiveWeatherInfo()
13 {
14 using (var connection = RabbitUtils.GetConnection().CreateConnection())
15 {
16 using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
17 {
18 channel.ExchangeDeclare(RabbitConstant.EXCHANGE_WEATHER_TOPIC, ExchangeType.Topic);
19 channel.QueueDeclare(RabbitConstant.QUEUE_SINA, true, false, false, null);
20 /*
21 * QueueBind用于将队列与交换机绑定
22 * queue:队列名
23 * exchange:交换机名
24 * routingKey：路由key
25 */
26 channel.QueueBind(queue: RabbitConstant.QUEUE_SINA,
27 exchange: RabbitConstant.EXCHANGE_WEATHER_TOPIC,
28 routingKey: "china.#");
29 channel.BasicQos(0, 1, false);
30 var consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
31
32 consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
33 {
34 var message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ea.Body.ToArray());
35 Console.WriteLine($"新浪收到的气象信息：{message}");
36 channel.BasicAck(ea.DeliveryTag, false);
37 };
38 channel.BasicConsume(queue: RabbitConstant.QUEUE_SINA,
39 autoAck: false,
40 consumer: consumer);
41 Console.WriteLine(" Press [enter] to exit.");
42 Console.ReadLine();
43 }
44 }
45 }
46
47 }
48 }
执行结果
运行前配置：删除原来的Exchange,具体操作如下
参考链接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1GU4y1w7Yq?p=8
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/QG3uXhhpkE_Uo6Me15mxdg