1、强制等待

 

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import time


driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://mail.qq.com/')

# 强制等待
time.sleep(5)

driver.switch_to.frame('login_frame')    # 切换iframe
driver.find_element(by=By.XPATH, value="//a[text()='帐号密码登录']").click()

driver.quit()

2、隐式等待

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://mail.qq.com/')

# 隐式等待：设置查找节点的时候，最大的等待时间
driver.implicitly_wait(30)  # 后续执行到定位节点代码时，自动最多等待30s

driver.switch_to.frame('login_frame')  # 切换iframe
driver.find_element(by=By.XPATH, value="//a[text()='帐号密码登录']").click()

driver.quit()

3、显式等待

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')

# 显式等待：
# wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 30, 0.5)
# located = (By.XPATH, "//a[text()='新闻']")
# conditions = EC.visibility_of_element_located(located)
# wait.until(conditions)

# 工作中显式等待的写法：（本例表示：最多等30s,每隔0.5s检查一下，直到目标节点符合预期条件--可见）
WebDriverWait(driver, 30, 0.5).until(
    EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//a[text()='新闻']")))

# 显示等待语句后面可以直接跟操作。如：
WebDriverWait(driver, 30, 0.5).until(
    EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//a[text()='新闻']"))).click()

time.sleep(5)
driver.quit()