HttpServletRequest类和验证码

HttpServletRequest:

  我们在创建Servlet时会覆盖service()方法,或doGet()/doPost(),这些方法都有两个参数,一个为代表请求的request和代表响应response。service方法中的request的类型是ServletRequest,而doGet/doPost方法的request的类型是HttpServletRequest,HttpServletRequest是ServletRequest的子接口,功能和方法更加强大。

  HttpServletRequest类和验证码

  获得请求行:

      获得客户端的请求方式:String getMethod();

      获得请求的资源:String getRequestURI();

              StringBuffer getRequestURL();

      获得web应用的名称:

              String getContextPath();

      get提交url地址后的字符串:   username=zhangsan&password=123;

              String getQueryString();

      获得访问的客户端的ip地址:

              request.getRemoteAddr();

      

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/WEB04/BodyServlet" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
密码:<input type="password" name="pwd"><br>
性别:男<input type="radio" name="sex" value="nan">
女<input type="radio" name="sex" value="nv"><br>
爱好:足球<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="zq">
篮球<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="lq">
兵乓球<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="ppq"><br>
<input type="submit" name="注册">
</form>

</body>

    

public class LineServlet extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取请求方式
        String method=request.getMethod();
        System.out.println("当前请求方式为"+method);
        //获取请求地址
        String URI=request.getRequestURI();
        System.out.println("URI:"+URI);
        //获取请求地址URL
        StringBuffer URL=request.getRequestURL();
        System.out.println("URL"+URL);
        //获取项目名
        String name=request.getContentType();
        System.out.println("WEB应用名称:"+name);
        //如果是get请求,则获取url地址后面的字符串
        String query=request.getQueryString();
        System.out.println("get请求参数:"+query);
        //
        String ip=request.getRequestedSessionId();
        System.out.println("Ip地址为:"+ip);
    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

  

    获得请求头:

        refer头的作用:获取该访问的来源,做防盗链。

        agent头的作用:区别浏览器

public class HeadServlet extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取请求头
        String refer=request.getHeader("referer");
        System.out.println("referer"+refer);
        //获得agent头
        String agent=request.getHeader("User-Agent");
        System.out.println(agent);
    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

    获得请求体:

        String getParameter(String name):获取不重名的属性的方法。

        String[] getParameterValues(String name);获取重名的属性的方法。

        Map<String,String[]> getParameterMap():获取mao集合的方法。

        注意:get请求方式的请求参数 上述的方法一样可以获得

            解决post提交方式的乱码:request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

            解决get提交的方式的乱码:parameter = new String(parameter.getbytes("iso8859-1"),"utf-8");

        

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/WEB04/BodyServlet" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
密码:<input type="password" name="pwd"><br>
性别:男<input type="radio" name="sex" value="nan">
女<input type="radio" name="sex" value="nv"><br>
爱好:足球<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="zq">
篮球<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="lq">
兵乓球<input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="ppq"><br>
<input type="submit" name="注册">
</form>

</body>
</html>
public class BodyServlet extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    /*    //获取请求参数
        String uname=request.getParameter("username");
        String pwd=request.getParameter("pwd");
        String sex=request.getParameter("sex");
    System.out.println("用户名:"+uname);
    System.out.println("密码:"+pwd);
    System.out.println("性别:"+sex);
    //获取请求参数数组 爱好
        String hobbys[]=request.getParameterValues("hobby");
        System.out.println("爱好为:");
        for(String hobby:hobbys){
            System.out.println(hobby+"");
        }*/
        //获取所有参数所在的map集合
        Map<String, String[]> map=request.getParameterMap();
        //keySet加增强for
        //获取所有key所在的set集合
        Set<String> set=map.keySet();
        //遍历
        for(String key:set){
            System.out.print(key+":");
        String[] values=map.get(key);
        for(String value:values){
            System.out.print(value+"");
        }
        System.out.println();
        }
        
    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

验证码:

    

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function change(obj){
    obj.src="/Web03/CheckImgServlet?time="+new Date().getTime();
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="text" name="code">
<img alt="" src="/Web03/CheckImgServlet" onclick="change(this)">
</body>
</html>
package com.oracle.demo03;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 验证码生成程序
 * 
 * 
 * 
 */
public class CheckImgServlet extends HttpServlet {

    // 集合中保存所有成语
    private List<String> words = new ArrayList<String>();

    @Override
    public void init() throws ServletException {
        // 初始化阶段,读取new_words.txt
        // web工程中读取 文件,必须使用绝对磁盘路径
        String path = getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/new_words.txt");
        try {
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(path));
            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                words.add(line);
            }
            reader.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 禁止缓存
        // response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        // response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
        // response.setDateHeader("Expires", -1);

        int width = 120;
        int height = 30;

        // 步骤一 绘制一张内存中图片
        BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

        // 步骤二 图片绘制背景颜色 ---通过绘图对象
        Graphics graphics = bufferedImage.getGraphics();// 得到画图对象 --- 画笔
        // 绘制任何图形之前 都必须指定一个颜色
        graphics.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
        graphics.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);

        // 步骤三 绘制边框
        graphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);
        graphics.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);

        // 步骤四 四个随机数字
        Graphics2D graphics2d = (Graphics2D) graphics;
        // 设置输出字体
        graphics2d.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 18));

        Random random = new Random();// 生成随机数
        int index = random.nextInt(words.size());
        String word = words.get(index);// 获得成语

        // 定义x坐标
        int x = 10;
        for (int i = 0; i < word.length(); i++) {
            // 随机颜色
            graphics2d.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random
                    .nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
            // 旋转 -30 --- 30度
            int jiaodu = random.nextInt(60) - 30;
            // 换算弧度
            double theta = jiaodu * Math.PI / 180;

            // 获得字母数字
            char c = word.charAt(i);

            // 将c 输出到图片
            graphics2d.rotate(theta, x, 20);
            graphics2d.drawString(String.valueOf(c), x, 20);
            graphics2d.rotate(-theta, x, 20);
            x += 30;
        }

        // 将验证码内容保存session
        request.getSession().setAttribute("checkcode_session", word);

        // 步骤五 绘制干扰线
        graphics.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
        int x1;
        int x2;
        int y1;
        int y2;
        for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
            x1 = random.nextInt(width);
            x2 = random.nextInt(12);
            y1 = random.nextInt(height);
            y2 = random.nextInt(12);
            graphics.drawLine(x1, y1, x1 + x2, x2 + y2);
        }

        // 将上面图片输出到浏览器 ImageIO
        graphics.dispose();// 释放资源
        
        //将图片写到response.getOutputStream()中
        ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());

    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }

    /**
     * 取其某一范围的color
     * 
     * @param fc
     *            int 范围参数1
     * @param bc
     *            int 范围参数2
     * @return Color
     */
    private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
        // 取其随机颜色
        Random random = new Random();
        if (fc > 255) {
            fc = 255;
        }
        if (bc > 255) {
            bc = 255;
        }
        int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
        return new Color(r, g, b);
    }

}

 

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