mysql 二进制安装

创建软件目录

# mkdir -p /application
# mv mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /application/mysql

修改环境变量

# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH
# source /etc/profile

建立MySQL用户组

# useradd mysql 

创建相关目录并修改权限

 # mkdir /data/mysql -p 
 # chown -R mysql.mysql /application/*
 # chown -R mysql.mysql /data/*

初始化数据（建库）

初始化数据，初始化管理员的临时密码
mysqld --initialize  --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

默认配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/app/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
server_id=6
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
[mysql]
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
prompt=3306

配置启动脚本

# cd /application/mysql/support-files
# ./mysql.server start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/db01.err'.
 SUCCESS! 
cp mysql.server    /etc/init.d/mysqld

使用systemd管理mysql

vim /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service 
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000

安装方法:

二进制
源码
yum 

初始化数据库

mysqld --intialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql 

4.简易的配制文件/etc/my.cnf

user 
basedir
datadir 
server_id
port
socket 

管理员密码

mysqladmin -uroot -p password **

本地管理员忘记密码

# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking & //跳过授权
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql>  alter user root@'localhost' identified by '123456';
# pkill mysqld
# systemctl start  mysqld

多实例

准备多个目录

# mkdir -p /data/330{7,8,9}/data

配置文件

cat > /data/3307/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/3307/data
socket=/data/3307/mysql.sock
log_error=/data/3307/mysql.log
port=3307
server_id=7
log_bin=/data/3307/mysql-bin
EOF

cat > /data/3308/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/3308/data
socket=/data/3308/mysql.sock
log_error=/data/3308/mysql.log
port=3308
server_id=8
log_bin=/data/3308/mysql-bin
EOF

cat > /data/3309/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/3309/data
socket=/data/3309/mysql.sock
log_error=/data/3309/mysql.log
port=3309
server_id=9
log_bin=/data/3309/mysql-bin
EOF

初始化三套数据

mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/3307/data --basedir=/application/mysql
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/3308/data --basedir=/application/mysql
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/3309/data --basedir=/application/mysql

systemd管理实例

cd /etc/systemd/system
cp mysqld.service mysqld3307.service
cp mysqld.service mysqld3308.service
cp mysqld.service mysqld3309.service

vi mysqld.3307.service
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3309/my.cnf

授权

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/*

启动

systemctl start mysqld3307.service
systemctl start mysqld3308.service
systemctl start mysqld3309.service

验证多实例

netstat -lnmp | grep 330
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "select @@server_id";
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "select @@server_id";
mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "select @@server_id";

[root@mysql ~]# mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "select @@server_id";
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
|           7 |
+-------------+
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "select @@server_id";
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
|           8 |
+-------------+
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -S /data/3309/mysql.sock -e "select @@server_id";
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
|           9 |
+-------------+