05.Struts2中的标签库标签
1、Struts2的标签库标签
1.1通用标签
if elseif else:逻辑判断
iterator:在页面上进行迭代
property:获取值栈中的内容
action:请求一个Action
param:请求Action时通过setAttribute携带参数
debug:页面上查看值栈信息
set:向某个作用域中存入元素
url:创建一个URL字符串
sort:对数组或者集合进行排序
comparator:排序器
source:被排序的数据的来源
date:格式化时间日期
name:被格式化的时间日期对象
format:时间日期格式
var:格式化之后的字符串存放在Context区域的key
1.2表单标签
s:form:表单
表单元素
s:textfield:input type=“text”
s:hidden:input type=“hidden”
s:radio
list:*‘qn’:‘群众’,‘gqty’:‘共青团员’,‘少先队员’:‘少先队员’,‘*员’:‘共产员’,‘其 他党派’:‘其他党派’
如果该标签中使用的属性需要使用OGNL表达式从值栈中获取则需要注意属性的类型，如果该属性 属于原本的表单标签，则需要%{OGNL}，否则会被当做普通文本
2、OGNL中静态属性与方法的访问
@全类名@属性名/方法名
*静态属性可以直接访问，如果是静态方法则需要开启配置
3、声明式异常处理
<!-- 配置全局返回页面(错误处理页) -->
<global-results>
<result name="errorPage">
/errorInfo.jsp
</result>
</global-results>
<!-- 错误处理映射集合 -->
<global-exception-mappings>
<!--
错误处理映射
result:触发异常后，跳转到那个地方，引用全局返回页
exception:处理异常的类型
-->
<exception-mapping result="errorPage" exception="Exception"></exception-mapping>
</global-exception-mappings>
4、案例：
导入相应的包
配置Filter文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>struts2Test06</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<filter>
<filter-name>dispatcherFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>dispatcherFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
struts.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<!--允许使用后缀访问页面-->
<constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do,test,action,,"></constant>
<!--允许页面使用debug标签-->
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"></constant>
<!-- 允许静态方法调用 -->
<constant name="struts.ognl.allowStaticMethodAccess" value="true"></constant>
<package name="user" extends="struts-default" namespace="/user">
<!-- 配置全局返回页面(错误处理页) -->
<global-results>
<result name="errorPage">
/errorInfo.jsp
</result>
</global-results>
<!-- 错误处理映射集合 -->
<global-exception-mappings>
<!--
错误处理映射
result:触发异常后，跳转到那个地方，引用全局返回页
exception:处理异常的类型
-->
<exception-mapping result="errorPage" exception="Exception"></exception-mapping>
</global-exception-mappings>
<action name="toPage" class="com.zb.action.ToErrorAction" method="testError">
<result>
/index.jsp
</result>
</action>
<action name="userPage" class="com.zb.action.UserAction" method="selectUserInfo">
<result>
/index.jsp
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
jsp页面
page01.jsp
<%@page import="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"
import="java.util.*"
%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<!--
通用标签
if elseif else:逻辑判断
iterator:在页面上进行迭代
property:获取值栈中的内容
action:请求一个Action
param:请求Action时通过setAttribute携带参数
debug:页面上查看值栈信息
set:向某个作用域中存入元素
url:创建一个URL字符串
sort:对数组或者集合进行排序
comparator:排序器
source:被排序的数据的来源
date:格式化时间日期
name:被格式化的时间日期对象
format:时间日期格式
var:格式化之后的字符串存放在Context区域的key
表单标签
-->
<s:url value="user/userPage" var="myUrl"></s:url>
<s:property value="myUrl"/>
<%
List<Integer> numberList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
Random rd = new Random();
for(int i=0;i<20;i++){
numberList.add(rd.nextInt(1000));
}
out.print(numberList+"<hr/>");
request.setAttribute("numberList", numberList);
Comparator c = new Comparator(){
@Override
public int compare(Object o1, Object o2) {
Integer num1 = (Integer)o1;
Integer num2 = (Integer)o2;
if(num1<num2){
return 0;
}
return -1;
}
};
ActionContext.getContext().getValueStack().getContext().put("comp", c);
//numberList.sort(c);
//out.print(numberList+"<hr/>");
%>
<s:sort comparator="#comp" source="#request.numberList">
<s:iterator var="n">
<s:property value="n"/><br/>
</s:iterator>
</s:sort>
<%
ActionContext.getContext().getValueStack().getContext().put("now", new Date());
%>
<s:date name="#now" format="yyyy年MM月dd日 HH时mm分ss秒" var="localDate"/>
<s:property value="#localDate"/>
<s:debug></s:debug>
</body>
</html>
page02.jsp
<%@page import="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<style type="text/css">
.c1{
border:2px solid red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<%
request.setAttribute("defaultName", "蓝朋友");
%>
<!--
通用标签
if elseif else:逻辑判断
iterator:在页面上进行迭代
property:获取值栈中的内容
action:请求一个Action
param:请求Action时通过setAttribute携带参数
debug:页面上查看值栈信息
set:向某个作用域中存入元素
url:创建一个URL字符串
sort:对数组或者集合进行排序
comparator:排序器
source:被排序的数据的来源
date:格式化时间日期
name:被格式化的时间日期对象
format:时间日期格式
var:格式化之后的字符串存放在Context区域的key
表单标签
s:form:表单
表单元素
s:textfield:input type="text"
s:hidden:input type="hidden"
s:radio
list:*'qn':'群众','gqty':'共青团员','少先队员':'少先队员','*员':'*员','其他党派':'其他党派'
如果该标签中使用的属性需要使用OGNL表达式从值栈中获取
则需要注意属性的类型，如果该属性属于原本的表单标签，则需要%{OGNL}，否则会被当做普通文本
-->
<form>
<input type="text" name="name">
<input type="hidden" name="hid" value="haha"><br/>
<label>
<input type="radio" name="sex" value="女">女
</label>
<label>
<input type="radio" name="sex" value="男">男
</label>
</form>
<s:debug></s:debug>
<s:form>
<s:textfield class="c1" label="姓名" value="%{#request.defaultName}"></s:textfield>
<s:hidden name="idh" value="123456"></s:hidden>
<s:radio list="#{'qn':'群众','gqty':'共青团员','少先队员':'少先队员','*员':'*员','其他党派':'其他党派' }" name="zzmm" label="政治面貌"></s:radio>
<s:checkboxlist list="#{'gf':'干饭','ps':'爬山','gg':'逛该' }" name="hobs" label="爱好"></s:checkboxlist>
<s:file name="tx" label="头像"></s:file>
<s:submit label="提交" value="登录"></s:submit>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
page03.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
out.print(Math.PI);
%>
<br/>
<s:property value="@java.lang.Math@PI"/><br/>
<s:property value="@java.lang.Math@pow(3,3)"/><br/>
<hr/>
<s:property value="@com.zb.common.StaticSource@name"/><br/>
<s:property value="@com.zb.common.StaticSource@age"/><br/>
<s:property value="@com.zb.common.StaticSource@getNowDate()"/><br/>
</body>
</html>
page04.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<!--异常类处理-->
<%
int num = 20/0;
%>
</body>
</html>
index.jsp
<%@page import="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
request:<%=request.hashCode() %><br/>
ActionContext:<%=ActionContext.getContext().hashCode() %><br/>
ValueStack:<%=ActionContext.getContext().getValueStack().hashCode() %><br/>
<s:action name="userPage" namespace="/user">
<s:param name="pageNo">3</s:param>
</s:action>
<h1>首页！</h1>
<s:iterator value="#request.uis" var="ui">
<s:property value="#ui"/><br/>
</s:iterator>
<!--
通用标签
if elseif else:逻辑判断
iterator:在页面上进行迭代
property:获取值栈中的内容
action:请求一个Action
param:请求Action时通过setAttribute携带参数
debug:页面上查看值栈信息
set:向某个作用域中存入元素
-->
<s:set var="myName" scope="request" value="#ui.userName"></s:set>
<s:debug></s:debug>
</body>
</html>
errorInfo.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>程序里面出错啦！</h1>
<s:debug></s:debug>
<s:property value="[0].exception"/>
</body>
</html>
action类
package com.zb.action;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Preparable;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack;
import com.zb.dao.UserDao;
import com.zb.entity.UserInfo;
public class UserAction implements Preparable,ModelDriven<UserInfo> {
public String selectUserInfo() throws SQLException {
ActionContext ac = ActionContext.getContext();
System.out.println("Action:!!!!!");
System.out.println("request:"+ServletActionContext.getRequest().hashCode());
UserDao ud = new UserDao();
List<UserInfo> listUserInfo = ud.selectUserInfoByPager(pageNo);
//root context
//获得Action容器
System.out.println("ActionContext:"+ac.hashCode());
//获得值栈
ValueStack vs = ac.getValueStack();
System.out.println("ValueStack:"+vs.hashCode());
//向值栈的Context区域存入学生信息集合
//vs.getContext().put("uis", listUserInfo);
Map<String,Object> request = (Map<String,Object>)ac.get("request");
request.put("uis", listUserInfo);
return "success";
}
private Integer pageNo=1;
public Integer getPageNo() {
return pageNo;
}
public void setPageNo(Integer pageNo) {
this.pageNo = pageNo;
}
@Override
public void prepare() throws Exception {
}
@Override
public UserInfo getModel() {
return new UserInfo();
}
}
package com.zb.action;
public class ToErrorAction {
public String testError() {
int num = 10/0;
return "success";
}
}
common数据库工具类
package com.zb.common;
import java.beans.PropertyVetoException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
public class DBUtil {
private static ComboPooledDataSource dataSource;
static {
dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
try {
dataSource.setDriverClass("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql:///user_db?characterEncoding=UTF-8");
dataSource.setUser("root");
dataSource.setPassword("123456");
} catch (PropertyVetoException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static Connection getConnection() {
try {
return dataSource.getConnection();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
public static void disConnect(Connection conn) {
try {
if(conn!=null) {
conn.close();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
package com.zb.common;
import java.util.Date;
public class StaticSource {
public static String name = "吕朋友";
public static String age = "68";
public static String getNowDate() {
return new Date().toLocaleString();
}
}
dao类
package com.zb.dao;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.zb.common.DBUtil;
import com.zb.entity.UserInfo;
/**
* 用户信息DAO类
* @author Java53
*
*/
public class UserDao {
/**
* 分页查询用户信息
* @param pageNo 页码
* @return 用户信息集合
* @throws SQLException
*/
public List<UserInfo> selectUserInfoByPager(int pageNo) throws SQLException {
Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
PreparedStatement pst = conn.prepareStatement(" SELECT * FROM user_info LIMIT " + ((pageNo - 1) * 3) + ",3 ");
ResultSet res = pst.executeQuery();
List<UserInfo> listUserInfo = new ArrayList<UserInfo>();
while (res.next()) {
UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo(
res.getInt(1),
res.getString(2),
res.getInt(3),
res.getString(4),
res.getString(5),
res.getString(6),
res.getDate(7));
listUserInfo.add(userInfo);
}
return listUserInfo;
}
}
entity类（实体类）
package com.zb.entity;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* 用户信息实体类
* @author Java53
*
*/
public class UserInfo {
private Integer id;
private String userName;
private Integer userAge;
private String userSex;
private String userEmail;
private String userAddress;
private Date registerTime;
public UserInfo() {
super();
}
public UserInfo(Integer id, String userName, Integer userAge, String userSex, String userEmail, String userAddress,
Date registerTime) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.userName = userName;
this.userAge = userAge;
this.userSex = userSex;
this.userEmail = userEmail;
this.userAddress = userAddress;
this.registerTime = registerTime;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public Integer getUserAge() {
return userAge;
}
public void setUserAge(Integer userAge) {
this.userAge = userAge;
}
public String getUserSex() {
return userSex;
}
public void setUserSex(String userSex) {
this.userSex = userSex;
}
public String getUserEmail() {
return userEmail;
}
public void setUserEmail(String userEmail) {
this.userEmail = userEmail;
}
public String getUserAddress() {
return userAddress;
}
public void setUserAddress(String userAddress) {
this.userAddress = userAddress;
}
public Date getRegisterTime() {
return registerTime;
}
public void setRegisterTime(Date registerTime) {
this.registerTime = registerTime;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserInfo [id=" + id + ", userName=" + userName + ", userAge=" + userAge + ", userSex=" + userSex
+ ", userEmail=" + userEmail + ", userAddress=" + userAddress + ", registerTime=" + registerTime + "]";
}
}
mysort（排序）
package com.zb.mysort;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
public class TestMain01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Integer[] nums = {45,4686,4564,6,874,531,341,5341,35,41,35,41};
List<Integer> listNumber = Arrays.asList(nums);
System.out.println(listNumber);
listNumber.sort((Integer o1, Integer o2)-> {
if(o1>o2) {
return 0;
}
return -1;
}
);
System.out.println(listNumber);
}
}