iOS - Photo Album 图片/相册管理

2022-06-24 15:14:35

前言

    NS_CLASS_AVAILABLE_IOS(2_0) @interface UIImagePickerController : UINavigationController <NSCoding>
    @available(iOS 2.0, *)    public class UIImagePickerController : UINavigationController, NSCoding

  • iOS 获取图片有三种方法：

    • 直接调用摄像头拍照；
    • 从相册中选择；
    • 从图库中选择。

  • UIImagePickerController 是系统提供的用来获取图片和视频的接口。用 UIImagePickerController 类来获取图片视频，大体分为以下几个步骤：

    • 初始化 UIImagePickerController 类；
    • 设置 UIImagePickerController 实例的数据来源类型；
    • 设置代理；
    • 如果需要做图片修改的话设置 allowsEditing = YES。

1、imagePickerController 的创建

  • Objective-C

    • 需遵守协议 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate, UINavigationControllerDelegate

          // 实例化 UIImagePickerController 对象

        UIImagePickerController *imagePickerController = [[UIImagePickerController alloc] init];

        // 设置代理
        imagePickerController.delegate = self;

        // 设置是否需要做图片编辑，default NO
        imagePickerController.allowsEditing = YES;

        // 判断数据来源是否可用
        if([UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]) {

            // 设置数据来源
            imagePickerController.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary;

            // 打开相机/相册/图库
            [self presentViewController:imagePickerController animated:YES completion:nil];
        }

    // UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 协议方法

        // 取消选择
        - (void)imagePickerControllerDidCancel:(UIImagePickerController *)picker {

            // 退出当前界面
            [picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
        }

        // 选择完成
        - (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)info {

            UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, 
                                                                                          self.view.frame.size.height - 20)];
            [self.view addSubview:imageView];

            // 获取点击的图片
            imageView.image = [info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage];

            [picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
        }

  • Swift

    • 需遵守协议 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate, UINavigationControllerDelegate

          // 实例化 UIImagePickerController 对象

        let imagePickerController = UIImagePickerController()

        // 设置代理
        imagePickerController.delegate = self

        // 设置是否需要做图片编辑，default NO.
        imagePickerController.allowsEditing = true

        // 判断数据来源是否可用
        if UIImagePickerController.isSourceTypeAvailable(UIImagePickerControllerSourceType.PhotoLibrary) {

            // 设置数据来源
            imagePickerController.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceType.PhotoLibrary

            // 打开相机/相册/图库
            self.presentViewController(imagePickerController, animated: true, completion: nil)
        }

    // UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 协议方法

        // 取消选择
        func imagePickerControllerDidCancel(picker: UIImagePickerController) {

            // 退出当前界面
            picker.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)                                                             
        }

        // 选择完成
        func imagePickerController(picker: UIImagePickerController, didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo info: [String : AnyObject]) {

            let imageView = UIImageView(frame: CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height - 20))
            self.view.addSubview(imageView)

            // 获取点击的图片
            imageView.image = info[UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage] as? UIImage

            picker.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)
        }

2、imagePickerController 的设置

  • Objective-C

        // 设置代理，需遵守 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate, UINavigationControllerDelegate 协议
    imagePickerController.delegate = self;

    // 设置是否需要做图片编辑
    imagePickerController.allowsEditing = YES;

    // 判断设备数据来源是否支持
    /*
        UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary,      // 来自图库
        UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,            // 来自相机
        UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum   // 来自相册
    */
    if ([UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]) {

    }

    // 判断摄像头是否支持
    /*
        UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceRear,     // 后置摄像头
        UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront     // 前置摄像头
    */
    if ([UIImagePickerController isCameraDeviceAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceRear]) {

    }

    // 判断闪光灯是否支持
    if ([UIImagePickerController isFlashAvailableForCameraDevice:UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront]) {

    }

    // 获取数据来源支持的媒体类型
    /*
        UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary,      // 来自图库
            "public.image",
            "public.movie"

        UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,            // 来自相机
            ...

        UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum   // 来自相册
            "public.image",
            "public.movie"
    */
    NSArray *mediaTypesArray = [UIImagePickerController availableMediaTypesForSourceType:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum];

    // 获取相机拥有的模式
    /*
        UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceRear,   // 后置摄像头
            ...

        UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront   // 前置摄像头
            ...
    */
    NSArray *captureModesArray = [UIImagePickerController availableCaptureModesForCameraDevice:UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront];

    // 设置数据来源
    /*
        UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary,     // 来自图库，默认
        UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,           // 来自相机
        UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum  // 来自相册
    */
    imagePickerController.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary;

    // 设置媒体类型
    /*
        kUTTypeImage 包含：

            kUTTypeImage;                // 抽象的图片类型
            kUTTypeJPEG;
            kUTTypeJPEG2000;
            kUTTypeTIFF;
            kUTTypePICT;
            kUTTypeGIF;
            kUTTypePNG;
            kUTTypeQuickTimeImage;
            kUTTypeAppleICNS;
            kUTTypeBMP;
            kUTTypeICO

        kUTTypeMovie 包含：

            kUTTypeAudiovisualContent;   // 抽象的声音视频
            kUTTypeMovie;                // 抽象的媒体格式（声音和视频）
            kUTTypeVideo;                // 只有视频没有声音
            kUTTypeAudio;                // 只有声音没有视频
            kUTTypeQuickTimeMovie;
            kUTTypeMPEG;
            kUTTypeMPEG4;
            kUTTypeMP3;
            kUTTypeMPEG4Audio;
            kUTTypeAppleProtectedMPEG4Audio

        需要 #import <MobileCoreServices/MobileCoreServices.h> 才能用 kUTTypeImage 和 KUTTypeMovie 。

        default value is an array containing kUTTypeImage.
    */
    imagePickerController.mediaTypes = @[(NSString *)kUTTypeImage, (NSString *)kUTTypeMovie];

    // 设置摄像头
    /*
        UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceRear,   // 后置摄像头，默认
        UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront   // 前置摄像头
    */
    imagePickerController.cameraDevice = UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront;

    // 设置相机模式
    /*
        UIImagePickerControllerCameraCaptureModePhoto,  // 照相模式，默认
        UIImagePickerControllerCameraCaptureModeVideo   // 录像模式
    */
    imagePickerController.cameraCaptureMode = UIImagePickerControllerCameraCaptureModePhoto;

    // 设置闪光灯模式
    /*
        UIImagePickerControllerCameraFlashModeOff  = -1,  // 关
        UIImagePickerControllerCameraFlashModeAuto = 0,   // 自动，默认
        UIImagePickerControllerCameraFlashModeOn   = 1    // 开
    */
    imagePickerController.cameraFlashMode = UIImagePickerControllerCameraFlashModeOn;

    // 设置录像质量
    /*
        UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeHigh = 0,     // 高质量，highest quality
        UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeMedium = 1,   // 中质量，默认，Wi-Fi
        UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeLow = 2,      // 低质量，cellular network
        UIImagePickerControllerQualityType640x480 = 3,  // VGA 质量，VGA quality

        UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeIFrame1280x720 = 4,
        UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeIFrame960x540 = 5

        apply only if mediaTypes includes kUTTypeMovie
    */
    imagePickerController.videoQuality = UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeHigh;

    // 设置录像时间长度
    /*
        default is 10 minutes. apply only mediaTypes includes kUTTypeMovie
    */
    imagePickerController.videoMaximumDuration = 600;

    // 设置是否显示相机原生 UI
    /*
        set to NO to hide all standard camera UI. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
    */
    imagePickerController.showsCameraControls = YES;

    // 自定义相机视图
    /*
        set a view to overlay the preview view. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
    */
    imagePickerController.cameraOverlayView = myView;

    // 改变相机视图
    /*
        set the transform of the preview view. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.

        旋转 45 度，需要输入的参数为弧度，45/180 * M_PI，1 度 ＝ PI/180 弧度
    */
    imagePickerController.cameraViewTransform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(0.25 * M_PI);

    // 打开相机/相册/图库
    /*
        访问设置的数据来源界面
    */
    [self presentViewController:imagePickerController animated:YES completion:nil];

    // 拍照
    /*
        拍摄照片
    */
    [imagePickerController takePicture];

    // 录像

        // 开始录像
        [imagePickerController startVideoCapture];

        // 停止录像
        [imagePickerController stopVideoCapture];

    // 退出当前界面（相机/相册/图库）
    /*
        在 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 协议方法中调用
    */
    [picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];

    // 获取选取媒体类型（图片或者视频）
    /*
        选取的信息都在 info 中，info 是一个字典。字典中的键：

            UIImagePickerControllerMediaType;     // 指定用户选择的媒体类型，包含着 kUTTypeImage 和 kUTTypeMovie
            UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage; // 原始图片
            UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage;   // 修改后的图片，只有打开编辑模式 info 里才有此键值对
            UIImagePickerControllerCropRect;      // 裁剪尺寸，只有打开编辑模式 info 里才有此键值对
            UIImagePickerControllerMediaURL;      // 媒体的 URL
            UIImagePickerControllerReferenceURL;  // 原件的 URL
            UIImagePickerControllerMediaMetadata  // 当数据来源是照相机的时候这个值才有效

            kUTTypeImage 包含：

                kUTTypeImage;               // 抽象的图片类型
                kUTTypeJPEG;
                kUTTypeJPEG2000;
                kUTTypeTIFF;
                kUTTypePICT;
                kUTTypeGIF;
                kUTTypePNG;
                kUTTypeQuickTimeImage;
                kUTTypeAppleICNS;
                kUTTypeBMP;
                kUTTypeICO

            kUTTypeMovie 包含：

                kUTTypeAudiovisualContent;  // 抽象的声音视频
                kUTTypeMovie;               // 抽象的媒体格式（声音和视频）
                kUTTypeVideo;               // 只有视频没有声音
                kUTTypeAudio;               // 只有声音没有视频
                kUTTypeQuickTimeMovie;
                kUTTypeMPEG;
                kUTTypeMPEG4;
                kUTTypeMP3;
                kUTTypeMPEG4Audio;
                kUTTypeAppleProtectedMPEG4Audio

            需要 #import <MobileCoreServices/MobileCoreServices.h> 才能用 kUTTypeImage 和 KUTTypeMovie 。
    */

        // 直接处理点击的媒体资源

            UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, 
                                                                                          self.view.frame.size.height - 20)];
            [self.view addSubview:imageView];

            // 获取点击的图片
            imageView.image = [info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage];

        // 先判断点击的资源类型再处理

            // 判断点击的媒体资源类型
            if ([[info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerMediaType] isEqualToString:(NSString *)kUTTypeImage]) {

                UIImageView *headerImageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 40, 100, 100)];
                headerImageView.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor greenColor] CGColor];
                headerImageView.layer.borderWidth = 3;
                [self.view addSubview:headerImageView];

                // 获取点击的图片
                headerImageView.image = [info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage];
            }

  • Swift

        // 设置代理，需遵守 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate, UINavigationControllerDelegate 协议
    imagePickerController.delegate = self

    // 设置是否需要做图片编辑
    imagePickerController.allowsEditing = true

    // 判断设备数据来源是否支持
    /*
        case PhotoLibrary       // 来自图库
        case Camera             // 来自相机
        case SavedPhotosAlbum   // 来自相册
    */
    if UIImagePickerController.isSourceTypeAvailable(.PhotoLibrary) {

    }

    // 判断摄像头是否支持
    /*
        case Rear   // 后置摄像头
        case Front  // 前置摄像头
    */
    if UIImagePickerController.isCameraDeviceAvailable(.Rear) {

    }

    // 判断闪光灯是否支持
    if UIImagePickerController.isFlashAvailableForCameraDevice(.Front) {

    }

    // 获取数据来源支持的媒体类型
    /*
        PhotoLibrary,       // 来自图库
            "public.image",
            "public.movie"

        Camera,             // 来自相机
            ...

        SavedPhotosAlbum    // 来自相册
            "public.image",
            "public.movie"
    */
    let mediaTypesArray = UIImagePickerController.availableMediaTypesForSourceType(.SavedPhotosAlbum)

    // 获取相机拥有的模式
    /*
        Rear,       // 后置摄像头
            ...

        Front       // 前置摄像头
             ...
    */
    let captureModesArray = UIImagePickerController.availableCaptureModesForCameraDevice(.Front)

    // 设置数据来源
    /*
        case PhotoLibrary       // 来自图库
        case Camera             // 来自相机
        case SavedPhotosAlbum   // 来自相册
    */
    imagePickerController.sourceType = .PhotoLibrary

    // 设置媒体类型
    /*
        kUTTypeImage 包含：
            kUTTypeImage;               // 抽象的图片类型
            kUTTypeJPEG;
            kUTTypeJPEG2000;
            kUTTypeTIFF;
            kUTTypePICT;
            kUTTypeGIF;
            kUTTypePNG;
            kUTTypeQuickTimeImage;
            kUTTypeAppleICNS;
            kUTTypeBMP;
            kUTTypeICO

        kUTTypeMovie 包含：
            kUTTypeAudiovisualContent;  // 抽象的声音视频
            kUTTypeMovie;               // 抽象的媒体格式（声音和视频）
            kUTTypeVideo;               // 只有视频没有声音
            kUTTypeAudio;               // 只有声音没有视频
            kUTTypeQuickTimeMovie;
            kUTTypeMPEG;
            kUTTypeMPEG4;
            kUTTypeMP3;
            kUTTypeMPEG4Audio;
            kUTTypeAppleProtectedMPEG4Audio

        需要 import MobileCoreServices 才能用 kUTTypeImage 和 KUTTypeMovie 。

        default value is an array containing kUTTypeImage.
    */
    imagePickerController.mediaTypes = [String(kUTTypeImage), String(kUTTypeMovie)]

    // 设置摄像头
    /*
        Rear,  // 后置摄像头，默认
        Front  // 前置摄像头
    */
    imagePickerController.cameraDevice = .Front

    // 设置相机模式
    /*
        Photo,  // 照相模式，默认
        Video   // 录像模式
    */
    imagePickerController.cameraCaptureMode = .Photo

    // 设置闪光灯模式
    /*
        Off  = -1,  // 关
        Auto = 0,   // 自动，默认
        On   = 1    // 开
    */
    imagePickerController.cameraFlashMode = .On

    // 设置录像质量
    /*
        TypeHigh = 0,    // 高质量，      highest quality
        TypeMedium = 1,  // 中质量，默认， medium quality, Wi-Fi
        TypeLow = 2,     // 低质量，      lowest quality, cellular network
        Type640x480 = 3, // VGA 质量，    VGA quality

        TypeIFrame1280x720 = 4,
        TypeIFrame960x540 = 5

        apply only if mediaTypes includes kUTTypeMovie
    */
    imagePickerController.videoQuality = .TypeHigh

    // 设置录像时间长度
    /*
        default is 10 minutes. apply only mediaTypes includes kUTTypeMovie
    */
    imagePickerController.videoMaximumDuration = 600

    // 设置是否显示相机原生 UI
    /*
        set to NO to hide all standard camera UI. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
    */
    imagePickerController.showsCameraControls = true

    // 自定义相机视图
    /*
        set a view to overlay the preview view. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
    */
    imagePickerController.cameraOverlayView = myView

    // 改变相机视图
    /*
        set the transform of the preview view. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.

        旋转 45 度，需要输入的参数为弧度，45/180 * M_PI，1 度 ＝ PI/180 弧度
    */
    imagePickerController.cameraViewTransform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(0.25 * CGFloat(M_PI))

    // 打开相机/相册/图库
    /*
        访问设置的数据来源界面
    */
    self.presentViewController(imagePickerController, animated: true, completion: nil)

    // 拍照
    /*
        拍摄照片
    */
    imagePickerController.takePicture()

    // 录像

        // 开始录像
        imagePickerController.startVideoCapture()

        // 停止录像
        imagePickerController.stopVideoCapture()

    // 退出当前界面（相机/相册/图库）
    /*
        在 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 协议方法中调用 
    */
    picker.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)

    // 获取选取媒体类型（图片或者视频）
    /*
        选取的信息都在 info 中，info 是一个字典。字典中的键：

            UIImagePickerControllerMediaType;       // 指定用户选择的媒体类型，包含着 kUTTypeImage 和 kUTTypeMovie
            UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage;   // 原始图片
            UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage;     // 修改后的图片，只有打开编辑模式 info 里才有此键值对
            UIImagePickerControllerCropRect;        // 裁剪尺寸，只有打开编辑模式 info 里才有此键值对
            UIImagePickerControllerMediaURL;        // 媒体的 URL
            UIImagePickerControllerReferenceURL;    // 原件的 URL
            UIImagePickerControllerMediaMetadata    // 当数据来源是照相机的时候这个值才有效

            kUTTypeImage 包含：
                kUTTypeImage;                // 抽象的图片类型
                kUTTypeJPEG;
                kUTTypeJPEG2000;
                kUTTypeTIFF;
                kUTTypePICT;
                kUTTypeGIF;
                kUTTypePNG;
                kUTTypeQuickTimeImage;
                kUTTypeAppleICNS;
                kUTTypeBMP;
                kUTTypeICO

            kUTTypeMovie 包含：
                kUTTypeAudiovisualContent;   // 抽象的声音视频
                kUTTypeMovie;                // 抽象的媒体格式（声音和视频）
                kUTTypeVideo;                // 只有视频没有声音
                kUTTypeAudio;                // 只有声音没有视频
                kUTTypeQuickTimeMovie;
                kUTTypeMPEG;
                kUTTypeMPEG4;
                kUTTypeMP3;
                kUTTypeMPEG4Audio;
                kUTTypeAppleProtectedMPEG4Audio

            需要 import MobileCoreServices 才能用 kUTTypeImage 和 KUTTypeMovie 。
    */

        // 直接处理点击的媒体资源

            let imageView = UIImageView(frame: CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height - 20))
            self.view.addSubview(imageView)

            // 获取点击的图片
            imageView.image = info[UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage] as? UIImage

        // 先判断点击的资源类型再处理

            // 判断点击的媒体资源类型
            if (info[UIImagePickerControllerMediaType]?.isEqualToString(String(kUTTypeImage)) != nil) {

                let headerImageView = UIImageView(frame: CGRectMake(20, 40, 100, 100))
                headerImageView.layer.borderColor = UIColor.greenColor().CGColor
                headerImageView.layer.borderWidth = 3
                self.view.addSubview(headerImageView)

                // 获取点击的图片
                headerImageView.image = info[UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage] as? UIImage
            }

3、UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 协议方法

  • Objective-C

        // 取消选择，点击界面中的取消（Cancel）按钮时触发
    - (void)imagePickerControllerDidCancel:(UIImagePickerController *)picker {

    }

    // 选择完成，点击界面中的某个图片或者选择（Choose）按钮时触发
    - (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)info {

    }

  • Swift

        // 取消选择，点击界面中的取消（Cancel）按钮时触发
    func imagePickerControllerDidCancel(picker: UIImagePickerController) {

    }

    // 选择完成，点击界面中的某个图片或者选择（Choose）按钮时触发
    func imagePickerController(picker: UIImagePickerController, didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo info: [String : AnyObject]) {

    }
上一篇：串口打印及其他


下一篇：Microsoft Azure Remoteapp使用自定义镜像创建桌面服务