岛屿的最大面积
-题目-
给定一个包含了一些 0 和 1的非空二维数组 grid , 一个 岛屿 是由四个方向 (水平或垂直) 的 1 (代表土地) 构成的组合。你可以假设二维矩阵的四个边缘都被水包围着。
找到给定的二维数组中最大的岛屿面积。(如果没有岛屿,则返回面积为0。)
-示例1-
[[0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0],
[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0],
[0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
[0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,0],
[0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,0,0],
[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0],
[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0],
[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0]]
对于上面这个给定矩阵应返回 6。注意答案不应该是11,因为岛屿只能包含水平或垂直的四个方向的‘1’。
-示例2-
[[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]]
对于上面这个给定的矩阵, 返回 0。
-注意-
给定的矩阵grid 的长度和宽度都不超过 50。
-方法1-
- 把每个岛屿当作一个图。遍历数组,遇到岛屿就深度遍历,找到这个岛屿(图)的节点数。遍历完成后最大节点数就是结果。为了防止重复遍历一个位置,可用一个和输入相同大小的矩阵记录是否访问过。
-ac代码-
class Solution:
def __init__(self):
self.maxArea = 0
self.currArea = 0
self.grid = None
self.visited = None
self.height = 0
self.width = 0
def search(self, i, j):
# The idxs should be greater than 0 since negative idxs are valid for python.
if not (0 <= i < self.height and 0 <= j < self.width):
return
# The element should be 1 and the loc should not be visited.
if not (self.grid[i][j] == 1 and self.visited[i][j] == 0):
return
# Not visited -> visited.
self.visited[i][j] = 1
self.currArea += 1
# >
self.search(i + 1, j)
# <
self.search(i - 1, j)
# v
self.search(i, j + 1)
# ^
self.search(i, j - 1)
def maxAreaOfIsland(self, grid: List[List[int]]) -> int:
# Init for some vars.
self.grid = grid
self.height = len(grid)
self.width = len(grid[0])
# Creates a matrix with the same size as `grid` to track if the loc is visited.
self.visited = copy.deepcopy(self.grid)
for i in range(self.height):
for j in range(self.width):
self.visited[i][j] = 0
for i in range(self.height):
for j in range(self.width):
# If the element is 1 and the loc is not visited.
if self.grid[i][j] == 1 and self.visited[i][j] == 0:
self.search(i, j)
self.maxArea = max(self.maxArea, self.currArea)
self.currArea = 0
return self.maxArea
-复杂度-
- \(T(n) = O(height * width)\) (每个节点最多访问一次)
- \(S(n) = O(height * width + height + width)\) (递归需要栈,最大栈为输入的大小;记录是否访问的数组和输入一样大)
-方法1笔记-
-
grid
的下标应该大于0。这是因为负数下标是合法的,但对应的元素可能是当前岛屿之外的某一个位置。 - 如果某个位置的1未被访问,该位置被访问后其上下左右都要被访问,而不是只有右边和下边。
- 记录当前岛屿节点数的
currArea
在当前岛屿被计算完后需置0。
-方法1·改-
- 和的方法1基本相同,但不用额外的数组记录是否被访问,而是将访问过的元素置0。还修改了当前岛屿面积和最大岛屿面积的方法,使
search()
函数返回当前岛屿的值。
-ac代码-
class Solution:
def __init__(self):
self.grid = None
self.height = 0
self.width = 0
def search(self, i, j):
# The idxs should be greater than 0 since negative idxs are valid for python.
if not (0 <= i < self.height and 0 <= j < self.width):
return 0
# The element should be 1.
if not (self.grid[i][j] == 1):
return 0
self.grid[i][j] = 0
return (1
+ self.search(i + 1, j)
+ self.search(i - 1, j)
+ self.search(i, j + 1)
+ self.search(i, j - 1))
def maxAreaOfIsland(self, grid: List[List[int]]) -> int:
# Init for some vars.
self.grid = grid
self.height = len(grid)
self.width = len(grid[0])
max_area = 0
for i in range(self.height):
for j in range(self.width):
# If the element is 1.
if self.grid[i][j] == 1:
max_area = max(max_area, self.search(i, j))
return max_area
-复杂度-
和方法一相同。