Ubuntu下批量壁纸自动更新的方法

要在ubuntu上实现壁纸的动态更换，首先要记住两个路径下的文件
/usr/share/backgrounds 这里是系统存放壁纸和壁纸动态更换脚本的地方,脚本在contest下，以.xml结尾的就是控制播放的脚本了;
/usr/share/gnome-background-properties 这里的.xml和/usr/share/backgrounds/contest/下的mxl不同;这里的.xml文件是实现壁纸在系统设置中呈现，并加载动态更换脚本的;
/usr/share/backgrounds/contest/groovy.xml文件原始内容如下(仅用做参考和备份)，不对这个文件做修改

<background>
  <starttime>
    <year>2009</year>
    <month>08</month>
    <day>04</day>
    <hour>00</hour>
    <minute>00</minute>
    <second>00</second>
  </starttime>
<!-- This animation will start at midnight. -->
  <static>
    <duration>1795.0</duration>
    <file>/usr/share/backgrounds/Landscape_Photography_Of_Mountains_by_Simon_Berger.jpg</file>
  </static>
  <transition>
    <duration>5.0</duration>
    <from>/usr/share/backgrounds/Landscape_Photography_Of_Mountains_by_Simon_Berger.jpg</from>
    <to>/usr/share/backgrounds/Silver_Back_Gorilla_by_Mike_Arney.jpg</to>
  </transition>
  <static>
    <duration>1795.0</duration>
    <file>/usr/share/backgrounds/Silver_Back_Gorilla_by_Mike_Arney.jpg</file>
  </static>
  <transition>
    <duration>5.0</duration>
    <from>/usr/share/backgrounds/Silver_Back_Gorilla_by_Mike_Arney.jpg</from>
    <to>/usr/share/backgrounds/Camera_Film_by_Markus_Spiske.jpg</to>
  </transition>
  <static>
    <duration>1795.0</duration>
    <file>/usr/share/backgrounds/Camera_Film_by_Markus_Spiske.jpg</file>
  </static>
  <transition>
    <duration>5.0</duration>
    <from>/usr/share/backgrounds/Camera_Film_by_Markus_Spiske.jpg</from>
    <to>/usr/share/backgrounds/Colored_Pencils_by_Jess_Bailey.jpg</to>
  </transition>
  <static>
    <duration>1795.0</duration>
    <file>/usr/share/backgrounds/Colored_Pencils_by_Jess_Bailey.jpg</file>
  </static>
  <transition>
    <duration>5.0</duration>
    <from>/usr/share/backgrounds/Colored_Pencils_by_Jess_Bailey.jpg</from>
    <to>/usr/share/backgrounds/Abstract_Painting_Photo_by_Pierre_Chatel-Innocenti.jpg</to>
  </transition>
  <static>
    <duration>1795.0</duration>
    <file>/usr/share/backgrounds/Abstract_Painting_Photo_by_Pierre_Chatel-Innocenti.jpg</file>
  </static>
  <transition>
    <duration>5.0</duration>
    <from>/usr/share/backgrounds/Abstract_Painting_Photo_by_Pierre_Chatel-Innocenti.jpg</from>
    <to>/usr/share/backgrounds/Gorilla_Wallpaper_Grey_4096x2304.png</to>
  </transition>
  <static>
    <duration>1795.0</duration>
    <file>/usr/share/backgrounds/Gorilla_Wallpaper_Grey_4096x2304.png</file>
  </static>
  <transition>
    <duration>5.0</duration>
    <from>/usr/share/backgrounds/Gorilla_Wallpaper_Grey_4096x2304.png</from>
    <to>/usr/share/backgrounds/Landscape_Photography_Of_Mountains_by_Simon_Berger.jpg</to>
  </transition>
</background>

/usr/share/gnome-background-properties/groovy-wallpapers.xml文件原始内容如下(仅用做参考和备份)，不对这个文件做修改

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE wallpapers SYSTEM "gnome-wp-list.dtd">
<wallpapers>
 <wallpaper deleted="false">
   <name>Ubuntu 20.10 Community Wallpapers</name>
   <filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/contest/groovy.xml</filename>
   <options>zoom</options>
 </wallpaper>
 <wallpaper>
     <name>Abstract Painting Photo</name>
     <filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/Abstract_Painting_Photo_by_Pierre_Chatel-Innocenti.jpg</filename>
     <options>zoom</options>
     <pcolor>#000000</pcolor>
     <scolor>#000000</scolor>
     <shade_type>solid</shade_type>
 </wallpaper>
 <wallpaper>
     <name>Camera Film</name>
     <filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/Camera_Film_by_Markus_Spiske.jpg</filename>
     <options>zoom</options>
     <pcolor>#000000</pcolor>
     <scolor>#000000</scolor>
     <shade_type>solid</shade_type>
 </wallpaper>
 <wallpaper>
     <name>Colored Pencils</name>
     <filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/Colored_Pencils_by_Jess_Bailey.jpg</filename>
     <options>zoom</options>
     <pcolor>#000000</pcolor>
     <scolor>#000000</scolor>
     <shade_type>solid</shade_type>
 </wallpaper>
 <wallpaper>
     <name>Landscape Photography Of Mountains</name>
     <filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/Landscape_Photography_Of_Mountains_by_Simon_Berger.jpg</filename>
     <options>zoom</options>
     <pcolor>#000000</pcolor>
     <scolor>#000000</scolor>
     <shade_type>solid</shade_type>
 </wallpaper>
 <wallpaper>
     <name>Silver Back Gorilla</name>
     <filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/Silver_Back_Gorilla_by_Mike_Arney.jpg</filename>
     <options>zoom</options>
     <pcolor>#000000</pcolor>
     <scolor>#000000</scolor>
     <shade_type>solid</shade_type>
 </wallpaper>
</wallpapers>

以上两个文件最好做下备份，然后将这两个文件的备份文件使用 方法禁用掉;这样在这两个文件上就可以*修改了;

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生成控制更换xml文件脚本

files=`ls -U /usr/share/backgrounds | grep -v contest`      # /usr/share/backgrounds 脚本运行的路径
last_file=‘empty‘

echo ‘<background>‘
echo ‘  <startting>‘
echo ‘      <year>2020</year>‘
echo ‘      <month>11</month>‘
echo ‘      <day>4</day>‘
echo ‘      <hour>00</hour>‘
echo ‘      <minute>00</minute>‘
echo ‘      <second>00</second>‘
echo ‘  </starttime>‘

for current_file in $files
do
    if [ $last_file == ‘empty‘ ]
    then
        last_file=$current_file
        echo    ‘  <static>‘
        echo    ‘     <duration>300.0</duration>‘
        echo    "     <file>/usr/share/backgrounds/$last_file</file>"
        echo    ‘  </static>‘
    else
        echo    ‘  <transition>‘
        echo    ‘     <duration>5.0</duration>‘
        echo    "     <from>/usr/share/backgrounds/$last_file</from>"
        echo    "     <to>/usr/share/backgrounds/$current_file</to>"
        echo    ‘  </transition>‘
        echo    ‘  <static>‘
        echo    ‘     <duration>300.0</duration>‘
        echo    "     <file>/usr/share/backgrounds/$current_file</file>"
        echo    ‘  </static>‘
        last_file=$current_file
    fi
done

echo ‘</background>‘

# 使用方法说明
# 新建一个文件.xml在图片目录下
# 执行这个脚本 ./backgrounds.sh>/usr/share/backgrounds/contest/black.xml 完成图片目录的填写
# 最后将这个文件复制到/usr/sh/gnome-background-properties 下生效，如果不生效，就把默认xml的路径指向当前这个文件

生成系统壁纸显示列表xml文件脚本

path = /usr/share/backgrounds/Black     # 设置操作文件的目录地址，这里将图片放在了/usr/share/backgrounds下的Black文件夹里

files=`ls -U $path | grep -v contest`
last_file=‘empty‘

echo ‘<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>‘
echo ‘<!DOCTYPE wallpapers SYSTEM "gnome-wp-list.dtd">‘
echo ‘<wallpapers>‘
echo ‘ <wallpaper deleted="false">‘
echo ‘   <name>Ubuntu 20.10 Community Wallpapers</name>‘
echo ‘   <filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/contest/black.xml</filename>‘
echo ‘   <options>zoom</options>‘
echo ‘ </wallpaper>‘
for current_file in $files
do
    last_file=$current_file
    file_name=${last_file##*/}
    #jpg_name = "extension: ${last_file##*.}"
        
    if [[ $last_file == ‘empty‘]]
    then
        echo    ‘‘
    else

        echo    ‘ <wallpaper>‘
        echo    "   <name>${last_file%.*}</name>"
        echo    "   <filename>/usr/share/backgrounds/black-backgrounds/$last_file</filename>"
        echo    ‘   <options>zoom</options>‘
        echo    ‘   <pcolor>#000000</pcolor>‘
        echo    ‘   <scolor>#000000</scolor>‘
        echo    ‘   <shade_type>solid</shade_type>‘
        echo    ‘ </wallpaper>‘
        last_file=$current_file
    fi
done
echo ‘</wallpapers>‘

# 使用方法 `sudo ./test.sh>test.xml` 格式: sudo 脚本路径 > 生成xml路径
# sudo ./black-wallpapers.sh>/usr/share/gnome-background-properties/black-wallpapers.xml

使用详细方法

Ubuntu自动壁纸