Pytorch模型保存与加载,并在加载的模型基础上继续训练

pytorch保存模型非常简单,主要有两种方法:

  1. 只保存参数;(官方推荐)
  2. 保存整个模型 (结构+参数)。
    由于保存整个模型将耗费大量的存储,故官方推荐只保存参数,然后在建好模型的基础上加载。本文介绍两种方法,但只就第一种方法进行举例详解。

1、只保存参数

1)保存

一般地,采用一条语句即可保存参数:

torch.save(model.state_dict(), path)
其中model指定义的模型实例变量,如 model=vgg16( ), path是保存参数的路径,如 path='./model.pth' , path='./model.tar', path='./model.pkl', 保存参数的文件一定要有后缀扩展名。 特别地,如果还想保存某一次训练采用的优化器、epochs等信息,可将这些信息组合起来构成一个字典,然后将字典保存起来:
state = {'model': model.state_dict(), 'optimizer': optimizer.state_dict(), 'epoch': epoch}
torch.save(state, path)

2)加载

针对上述第一种情况,也只需要一句即可加载模型:

model.load_state_dict(torch.load(path))

针对上述第二种以字典形式保存的方法,加载方式如下:

checkpoint = torch.load(path)
model.load_state_dict(checkpoint['model'])
optimizer.load_state_dict(checkpoint['optimizer'])
epoch = checkpoint(['epoch'])
需要注意的是,只保存参数的方法在加载的时候要事先定义好跟原模型一致的模型,并在该模型的实例对象(假设名为model)上进行加载,即在使用上述加载语句前已经有定义了一个和原模型一样的Net, 并且进行了实例化 model=Net( ) 。 下面一个具体的例子,它只保存最新的参数:
import torch as torch
import torchvision as tv
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.optim as optim
import torch.nn.functional as F
import torchvision.transforms as transforms
from torchvision.transforms import ToPILImage
import torch.backends.cudnn as cudnn
import datetime
import argparse

# 参数声明
batch_size = 32
epochs = 10
WORKERS = 0   # dataloder线程数
test_flag = True  #测试标志,True时加载保存好的模型进行测试 
ROOT = '/home/pxt/pytorch/cifar'  # MNIST数据集保存路径
log_dir = '/home/pxt/pytorch/logs/cifar_model.pth'  # 模型保存路径

# 加载MNIST数据集
transform = tv.transforms.Compose([
        transforms.ToTensor(),
        transforms.Normalize([0.5, 0.5, 0.5], [0.5, 0.5, 0.5])])

train_data = tv.datasets.CIFAR10(root=ROOT, train=True, download=True, transform=transform)
test_data = tv.datasets.CIFAR10(root=ROOT, train=False, download=False, transform=transform)

train_load = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(train_data, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True, num_workers=WORKERS)
test_load = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(test_data, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=False, num_workers=WORKERS)


# 构造模型
class Net(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Net, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, 64, 3, padding=1)
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(64, 128, 3, padding=1)
        self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(128, 256, 3, padding=1)
        self.conv4 = nn.Conv2d(256, 256, 3, padding=1)
        self.pool = nn.MaxPool2d(2, 2)
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(256 * 8 * 8, 1024)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(1024, 256)
        self.fc3 = nn.Linear(256, 10)
    
    
    def forward(self, x):
        x = F.relu(self.conv1(x))
        x = self.pool(F.relu(self.conv2(x)))
        x = F.relu(self.conv3(x))
        x = self.pool(F.relu(self.conv4(x)))
        x = x.view(-1, x.size()[1] * x.size()[2] * x.size()[3])
        x = F.relu(self.fc1(x))
        x = F.relu(self.fc2(x))
        x = self.fc3(x)
        return x


model = Net().cuda()
criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
optimizer = optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=0.01)


# 模型训练
def train(model, train_loader, epoch):
    model.train()
    train_loss = 0
    for i, data in enumerate(train_loader, 0):
        x, y = data
        x = x.cuda()
        y = y.cuda()
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        y_hat = model(x)
        loss = criterion(y_hat, y)
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
        train_loss += loss
    loss_mean = train_loss / (i+1)
    print('Train Epoch: {}\t Loss: {:.6f}'.format(epoch, loss_mean.item()))

# 模型测试
def test(model, test_loader):
    model.eval()
    test_loss = 0
    correct = 0
    with torch.no_grad():
        for i, data in enumerate(test_loader, 0):
            x, y = data
            x = x.cuda()
            y = y.cuda()
            optimizer.zero_grad()
            y_hat = model(x)
            test_loss += criterion(y_hat, y).item()
            pred = y_hat.max(1, keepdim=True)[1]
            correct += pred.eq(y.view_as(pred)).sum().item()
        test_loss /= (i+1)
        print('Test set: Average loss: {:.4f}, Accuracy: {}/{} ({:.0f}%)\n'.format(
            test_loss, correct, len(test_data), 100. * correct / len(test_data)))


def main():

    # 如果test_flag=True,则加载已保存的模型
    if test_flag:
        # 加载保存的模型直接进行测试机验证,不进行此模块以后的步骤
        checkpoint = torch.load(log_dir)
        model.load_state_dict(checkpoint['model'])
        optimizer.load_state_dict(checkpoint['optimizer'])
        epochs = checkpoint['epoch']
        test(model, test_load)
        return

    for epoch in range(0, epochs):
        train(model, train_load, epoch)
        test(model, test_load)
        # 保存模型
        state = {'model':model.state_dict(), 'optimizer':optimizer.state_dict(), 'epoch':epoch}
        torch.save(state, log_dir)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

3)在加载的模型基础上继续训练

在训练模型的时候可能会因为一些问题导致程序中断,或者常常需要观察训练情况的变化来更改学习率等参数,这时候就需要加载中断前保存的模型,并在此基础上继续训练,这时候只需要对上例中的 main() 函数做相应的修改即可,修改后的 main() 函数如下:
def main():

    # 如果test_flag=True,则加载已保存的模型
    if test_flag:
        # 加载保存的模型直接进行测试机验证,不进行此模块以后的步骤
        checkpoint = torch.load(log_dir)
        model.load_state_dict(checkpoint['model'])
        optimizer.load_state_dict(checkpoint['optimizer'])
        start_epoch = checkpoint['epoch']
        test(model, test_load)
        return

    # 如果有保存的模型,则加载模型,并在其基础上继续训练
    if os.path.exists(log_dir):
        checkpoint = torch.load(log_dir)
        model.load_state_dict(checkpoint['model'])
        optimizer.load_state_dict(checkpoint['optimizer'])
        start_epoch = checkpoint['epoch']
        print('加载 epoch {} 成功!'.format(start_epoch))
    else:
        start_epoch = 0
        print('无保存模型,将从头开始训练!')

    for epoch in range(start_epoch+1, epochs):
        train(model, train_load, epoch)
        test(model, test_load)
        # 保存模型
        state = {'model':model.state_dict(), 'optimizer':optimizer.state_dict(), 'epoch':epoch}
        torch.save(state, log_dir)

  

2.保存整个模型

1)保存

torch.save(model, path)

2)加载

model = torch.load(path)

  

上一篇:Android当中跟js进行交互,实现方法的互调


下一篇:《Python深度学习》3.6预测房价:回归问题