- 安装 sklearn， 常见学习算法，近年也有基于它的自动深度学习库(auto-sklearn)
$ pip install sklearn
- 安装 numpy、scipy, 科学计算库
$ pip install scipy
- 安装 keras, theano， 深度学习算法
$ pip install keras
keras 这里默认后端为 theano ，即默认使用 theano 做为执行引擎
- 安装 nose (单元测试)
$ pip install nose
安装过程中如果出现如下问题，可以使用国内仓库来进行安装：
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.13.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 377, in _make_request
httplib_response = conn.getresponse(buffering=True)
TypeError: getresponse() got an unexpected keyword argument 'buffering'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.13.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 379, in _make_request
httplib_response = conn.getresponse()
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 1197, in getresponse
response.begin()
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 297, in begin
version, status, reason = self._read_status()
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 258, in _read_status
line = str(self.fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1), "iso-8859-1")
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/socket.py", line 575, in readinto
return self._sock.recv_into(b)
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ssl.py", line 929, in recv_into
return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ssl.py", line 791, in read
return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/ssl.py", line 575, in read
v = self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
socket.timeout: The read operation timed out
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.13.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 560, in urlopen
body=body, headers=headers)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.13.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 381, in _make_request
self._raise_timeout(err=e, url=url, timeout_value=read_timeout)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.13.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 309, in _raise_timeout
raise ReadTimeoutError(self, url, "Read timed out. (read timeout=%s)" % timeout_value)
requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.python.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=15)
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 209, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 328, in run
wb.build(autobuilding=True)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 748, in build
self.requirement_set.prepare_files(self.finder)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 360, in prepare_files
ignore_dependencies=self.ignore_dependencies))
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 577, in _prepare_file
session=self.session, hashes=hashes)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 810, in unpack_url
hashes=hashes
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 649, in unpack_http_url
hashes)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 842, in _download_http_url
stream=True,
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.9.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/sessions.py", line 480, in get
return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 378, in request
return super(PipSession, self).request(method, url, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.9.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/sessions.py", line 468, in request
resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.9.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/sessions.py", line 576, in send
r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/CacheControl-0.11.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl/cachecontrol/adapter.py", line 46, in send
resp = super(CacheControlAdapter, self).send(request, **kw)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.9.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/adapters.py", line 376, in send
timeout=timeout
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.13.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 610, in urlopen
_stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2])
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.13.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/util/retry.py", line 228, in increment
total -= 1
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for -=: 'Retry' and 'int'
这时候，采用 --index 的参数来制定仓库地址：
pip install --index https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/ tensorflow
# 或者指定版本安装
pip install tensorflow-gpu==1.11.0 -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple