Delphi擅长做数据库类的MIS开发，但对于OA就有点力不从心了。不过随着Microsoft的COM技术逐渐成熟，现在普通Windows应用已经可以和Office97无缝结合了，尤其是在Delphi 5中提供了一组Servers组件，更是简化了程序开发。
最近接触了一个用户的案例，用Delphi控制Word做一个合同管理程序。办公人员先根据业务需要，写好合同的文字，但在用户名称、产品名称等变化的位置填写指定的标记字符串，然后通过Delphi把数据库中的实际数据替换掉Word中的文字，最后让Word打印出合同。
Delphi自带了一个简单的Word例题，但功能太简单。通过查找VBA的说明，再对照Delphi的VCL，编写了如下代码，实现了基本的公文管理功能。
启动Word时用如下代码：
begin
try
Wordapplication.Connect;
except
MessageDlg('Word may not be installed', mtError, [mbOk], 0);
Abort;
end;
Wordapplication.Visible := True;
WordApplication.Caption := 'Delphi automation';
end;
关闭Word用如下代码。如果想保存Doc文件，请修改SaveChanges变量的内容：
var
SaveChanges, OriginalFormat, RouteDocument: OleVariant;
begin
SaveChanges := WdDoNotSaveChanges;
OriginalFormat := UnAssigned;
RouteDocument := UnAssigned;
try
WordApplication.Quit(SaveChanges, OriginalFormat, RouteDocument);
WordApplication.Disconnect;
except
on E: Exception do
begin
Showmessage(E.Message);
WordApplication.Disconnect;
end;
end;
end;
让Word打开一个指定的文件，需要先放置OpenDialog，然后调用WordApplication.Documents.Open：
var
ItemIndex :OleVariant;
FileName, ConfirmConversions, ReadOnly, AddToRecentFiles,
PassWordDocument, PassWordTemplate, Revert,
WritePassWordDocument, WritePassWordTemplate, Format: OleVariant;
begin
if not dlgOpen.Execute then
Exit;
...{Open document}
FileName := dlgOpen.FileName;
ConfirmConversions := False;
ReadOnly := False;
AddToRecentFiles := False;
PassWordDocument := '';
PassWordTemplate := '';
Revert := True;
WritePassWordDocument := '';
WritePassWordTemplate := '';
Format := wdOpenFormatDocument;
WordApplication.Documents.Open( FileName, ConfirmConversions,
ReadOnly, AddToRecentFiles, PassWordDocument, PassWordTemplate,
Revert, WritePassWordDocument, WritePassWordTemplate, Format );
...{Assign WordDocument component}
ItemIndex := 1;
WordDocument.ConnectTo(WordApplication.Documents.Item(ItemIndex));
...{Turn Spell checking of because it takes a long time if enabled and slowsdown WinWord}
WordApplication.Options.CheckSpellingAsYouType := False;
WordApplication.Options.CheckGrammarAsYouType := False;
end;
当我们安装delphi时选择的是xp样式的即使用WordXP时，这里的代码需要更改为这样
var ItemIndex :OleVariant;
FileName, ConfirmConversions,ReadOnly,AddToRecentFiles,PasswordDocument, PasswordTemplate,Revert: OleVariant;
WritePasswordDocument,WritePasswordTemplate,Format: OleVariant;
Encoding,Visible,OpenAndRepair,DocumentDirection,NoEncodingDialog: OleVariant;
begin
if not dlgOpen.Execute then
Exit;
//...{Open document}
FileName := dlgOpen.FileName;
ConfirmConversions := False;
ReadOnly := False;
AddToRecentFiles := False;
PassWordDocument := '';
PassWordTemplate := '';
Revert := True;
WritePassWordDocument := '';
WritePassWordTemplate := '';
Format:=wdFormatDocument;
//Encoding
Visible:=true;
WordApplication1.Disconnect;
WordApplication1.documents.Open(FileName,ConfirmConversions,
ReadOnly,AddToRecentFiles,
PasswordDocument,PasswordTemplate,
Revert,WritePasswordDocument,WritePasswordTemplate,Format,
Encoding,Visible,OpenAndRepair,DocumentDirection,NoEncodingDialog);
WordApplication1.Visible:=true;
...{Assign WordDocument component}
ItemIndex := 1;
WordDocument1.ConnectTo(WordApplication1.Documents.Item(ItemIndex));
...{Turn Spell checking of because it takes a long time if enabled and slows down Winword}
WordApplication1.Options.CheckSpellingAsYouType := False;
WordApplication1.Options.CheckGrammarAsYouType := False;
end;
让Word替换标记字符串要使用WordDocument.Range.Find.Execute，这里用Delphi替换了<#Name>：
var
FindText, MatchCase, MatchWholeWord, MatchWildcards, MatchSoundsLike,
MatchAllWordForms, Forward, Wrap, Format, ReplaceWith, Replace: OleVariant;
begin
FindText := '<#Name>';
MatchCase := False;
MatchWholeWord := True;
MatchWildcards := False;
MatchSoundsLike := False;
MatchAllWordForms := False;
Forward := True;
Wrap := wdFindContinue;
Format := False;
ReplaceWith := 'Delphi';
Replace := True;
WordDocument.Range.Find.Execute( FindText, MatchCase, MatchWholeWord,
MatchWildcards, MatchSoundsLike, MatchAllWordForms, Forward,
Wrap, Format, ReplaceWith, Replace );
end;
上面这4段代码完成了公文管理的基本功能，再把它和数据库结合起来，就可以开发一个与Lotus Notes类似的产品了。