上期《Server 层混杂信息字典表 | 全方位认识 information_schema(上)》为大家介绍了部分关于Server层混杂信息字典表的知识,本期“Server层混杂信息字典表(中)”将继续为大家介绍。
5、PROFILING
该表提供查询关于语句性能分析的信息。其记录内容对应于SHOW PROFILES和SHOW PROFILE语句产生的信息
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该表需要在会话变量 profiling=1时才会记录语句性能分析信息,否则该表不记录
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该表为Memory引擎临时表,注意:从MySQL 5.7.2开始,此表不再推荐使用,在未来的MySQL版本中删除。改用Performance Schema;代替
下面是该表中存储的信息内容
root@localhost : sbtest 04:47:17> set profiling=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
root@localhost : (none) 04:47:10> use sbtest
Database changed
root@localhost : sbtest 04:47:21> select min(id) from sbtest1;
+---------+
| min(id) |
+---------+
| 1 |
+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost : sbtest 04:47:33> select * from information_schema.profiling;
+----------+-----+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------+-----------------------+----------------------+-------------+
| QUERY_ID | SEQ | STATE | DURATION | CPU_USER | CPU_SYSTEM | CONTEXT_VOLUNTARY | CONTEXT_INVOLUNTARY | BLOCK_OPS_IN | BLOCK_OPS_OUT | MESSAGES_SENT | MESSAGES_RECEIVED | PAGE_FAULTS_MAJOR | PAGE_FAULTS_MINOR | SWAPS | SOURCE_FUNCTION | SOURCE_FILE | SOURCE_LINE |
+----------+-----+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------+-----------------------+----------------------+-------------+
| 2 | 2 | starting | 0.000107 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| 2 | 3 | checking permissions | 0.000022 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | check_access | sql_authorization.cc | 810 |
| 2 | 4 | Opening tables | 0.000080 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | open_tables | sql_base.cc | 5650 |
| 2 | 5 | init | 0.000056 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | handle_query | sql_select.cc | 121 |
| 2 | 6 | System lock | 0.000021 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | mysql_lock_tables | lock.cc | 323 |
| 2 | 7 | optimizing | 0.000057 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | optimize | sql_optimizer.cc | 151 |
| 2 | 8 | executing | 0.000007 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | exec | sql_executor.cc | 119 |
| 2 | 9 | end | 0.000003 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | handle_query | sql_select.cc | 199 |
| 2 | 10 | query end | 0.000023 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | mysql_execute_command | sql_parse.cc | 4968 |
| 2 | 11 | closing tables | 0.000016 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | mysql_execute_command | sql_parse.cc | 5020 |
| 2 | 12 | freeing items | 0.000012 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | mysql_parse | sql_parse.cc | 5596 |
| 2 | 13 | cleaning up | 0.000008 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | dispatch_command | sql_parse.cc | 1902 |
+----------+-----+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------+-----------------------+----------------------+-------------+
17 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
字段含义如下:
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QUERY_ID:执行的语句的数字标识符
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SEQ:一个序列号,用于表示具有相同QUERY_ID值的语句记录行的显示顺序,
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STATE:表示语句性能分析的状态(语句阶段)
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DURATION:表示语句在性能分析中的某个给定状态下持续的时长(单位为秒)
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CPU_USER和CPU_SYSTEM:表示用户CPU的us%和sy%的时间开销(单位为秒)
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CONTEXT_VOLUNTARY和CONTEXT_INVOLUNTARY:表示发生了多少次自主或非自主的上下文切换
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BLOCK_OPS_IN和BLOCK_OPS_OUT:表示块输入和输出的操作数量
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MESSAGES_SENT和MESSAGES_RECEIVED:表示发送和接收的通信消息的数量
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PAGE_FAULTS_MAJOR和PAGE_FAULTS_MINOR:表示主要和次要页面错误的数量
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SWAPS:表示发生了多少次swap
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SOURCE_FUNCTION、SOURCE_FILE和SOURCE_LINE:提供关于在源代码中执行的性能状态和位置信息
该表中的信息还可以使用show语句查询,如下:
# 需要使用set profiling=1;语句开启,该功能即将废弃,使用performance_schema中的阶段事件代替
## 启用
root@localhost : information_schema 02:30:20> set profiling=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
## 列出查询语句的query id和语句文本等信息
root@localhost : sbtest 04:33:47> show profiles;
+----------+------------+-----------------------------+
| Query_ID | Duration | Query |
+----------+------------+-----------------------------+
| 1 | 0.00005125 | show warnings |
| 2 | 0.00073950 | select * from profiling |
| 3 | 0.00007150 | show warnings |
| 4 | 0.00021025 | set profiling=1 |
| 5 | 0.00003250 | show warnings |
| 6 | 0.00038300 | select * from profiling |
| 7 | 0.00003625 | show warnings |
| 8 | 0.00018250 | SELECT DATABASE() |
| 9 | 0.08272525 | select max(id) from sbtest1 |
+----------+------------+-----------------------------+
9 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
## 找到query id为9,查询该ID的性能分析数据
root@localhost : sbtest 04:33:53> show profile all for query 9;
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------+-----------------------+----------------------+-------------+
| Status | Duration | CPU_user | CPU_system | Context_voluntary | Context_involuntary | Block_ops_in | Block_ops_out | Messages_sent | Messages_received | Page_faults_major | Page_faults_minor | Swaps | Source_function | Source_file | Source_line |
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------+-----------------------+----------------------+-------------+
| starting | 0.000089 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| checking permissions | 0.000011 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | check_access | sql_authorization.cc | 810 |
| Opening tables | 0.082168 | 0.000000 | 0.081988 | 25 | 2 | 128 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 800 | 0 | open_tables | sql_base.cc | 5650 |
| init | 0.000173 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | handle_query | sql_select.cc | 121 |
| System lock | 0.000012 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | mysql_lock_tables | lock.cc | 323 |
| optimizing | 0.000079 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | optimize | sql_optimizer.cc | 151 |
| executing | 0.000010 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | exec | sql_executor.cc | 119 |
| end | 0.000003 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | handle_query | sql_select.cc | 199 |
| query end | 0.000009 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | mysql_execute_command | sql_parse.cc | 4968 |
| closing tables | 0.000008 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | mysql_execute_command | sql_parse.cc | 5020 |
| freeing items | 0.000150 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | mysql_parse | sql_parse.cc | 5596 |
| cleaning up | 0.000013 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | dispatch_command | sql_parse.cc | 1902 |
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+-------------------+---------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------+-----------------------+----------------------+-------------+
12 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
PS:关于show profiling语句,详见链接:https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/show-profile.html
6、CHARACTER_SETS
该表提供查询MySQL Server支持的可用字符集有哪些
-
该表是Memory引擎临时表
下面是该表中存储的信息内容(MySQL 5.6版本支持40种字符集,5.7开始增加了gb18030 字符集)
admin@localhost : information_schema 03:31:08> select * from CHARACTER_SETS;
+--------------------+----------------------+---------------------------------+--------+
| CHARACTER_SET_NAME | DEFAULT_COLLATE_NAME | DESCRIPTION | MAXLEN |
+--------------------+----------------------+---------------------------------+--------+
............
| latin1 | latin1_swedish_ci | cp1252 West European | 1 |
| latin2 | latin2_general_ci | ISO 8859-2 Central European | 1 |
| swe7 | swe7_swedish_ci | 7bit Swedish | 1 |
| ascii | ascii_general_ci | US ASCII | 1 |
............
| utf8 | utf8_general_ci | UTF-8 Unicode | 3 |
............
| gb18030 | gb18030_chinese_ci | China National Standard GB18030 | 4 |
+--------------------+----------------------+---------------------------------+--------+
41 rows in set (0.00 sec)
字段含义如下:
-
CHARACTER_SET_NAME:字符集名称
-
DEFAULT_COLLATE_NAME:字符集对应的默认校对规则
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DESCRIPTION:字符集描述信息,该字段为 "MySQL extension" 列
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MAXLEN:字符集单个字符占用的最大字节数,该字段为 "MySQL extension" 列
该表中的信息还可以使用show语句查询,如下:
root@localhost : (none) 12:02:04> SHOW CHARACTER SET like 'utf8%';
+---------+---------------+--------------------+--------+
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
+---------+---------------+--------------------+--------+
| utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 |
| utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_general_ci | 4 |
+---------+---------------+--------------------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
7、COLLATIONS
该表提供查询MySQL Server支持的可用校对规则有哪些
-
该表是Memory引擎临时表
下面是该表中存储的信息内容(MySQL 5.6版本共219种校对规则,MySQL 5.7版本共222种,MySQL 8.0共270种)
admin@localhost : information_schema 03:31:58> select * from COLLATIONS limit 20;
+-------------------+--------------------+----+------------+-------------+---------+
| COLLATION_NAME | CHARACTER_SET_NAME | ID | IS_DEFAULT | IS_COMPILED | SORTLEN |
+-------------------+--------------------+----+------------+-------------+---------+
| big5_chinese_ci | big5 | 1 | Yes | Yes | 1 |
| big5_bin | big5 | 84 | | Yes | 1 |
............
| koi8r_bin | koi8r | 74 | | Yes | 1 |
+-------------------+--------------------+----+------------+-------------+---------+
20 rows in set (0.01 sec)
字段含义如下:
-
COLLATION_NAME:校对规则名称
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CHARACTER_SET_NAME:校对规则对应的字符集名称,该字段为 "MySQL extension" 列
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ID:校对规则的ID号,该字段为 "MySQL extension" 列
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IS_DEFAULT:是否是字符集的默认校对规则,该字段为 "MySQL extension" 列
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IS_COMPILED:校对规则是否被编译进Server中,如果不为Yes,则表示并没有被编译到Server中,校对规则处于不可用状态,该字段为 "MySQL extension" 列
-
SORTLEN:最大排序字节长度,与字符集对应的字符串在排序时所占用的内存大小有关,该字段为 "MySQL extension" 列
该表中的内容还可以使用show语句查询,如下:
root@localhost : information_schema 12:26:23> show collation where COLLATION='utf8_general_ci';
+-----------------+---------+----+---------+----------+---------+
| Collation | Charset | Id | Default | Compiled | Sortlen |
+-----------------+---------+----+---------+----------+---------+
| utf8_general_ci | utf8 | 33 | Yes | Yes | 1 |
+-----------------+---------+----+---------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
8、COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
该表提供查询MySQL Server中哪种字符集适用于什么校对规则。查询结果集相当于从SHOW COLLATION获得的结果集中的前两个字段值。该表其实并没有太大作用
-
该表是Memory引擎临时表
下面是该表中存储的信息内容
admin@localhost : information_schema 03:32:28> select * from COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY limit 20;
+-------------------+--------------------+
| COLLATION_NAME | CHARACTER_SET_NAME |
+-------------------+--------------------+
............
| latin1_swedish_ci | latin1 |
| latin1_danish_ci | latin1 |
| latin1_german2_ci | latin1 |
| latin1_bin | latin1 |
| latin1_general_ci | latin1 |
| latin1_general_cs | latin1 |
| latin1_spanish_ci | latin1 |
| latin2_czech_cs | latin2 |
| latin2_general_ci | latin2 |
+-------------------+--------------------+
20 rows in set (0.00 sec)
字段含义如下:
-
COLLATION_NAME:校对规则名称
-
CHARACTER_SET_NAME:校对规则对应的字符集名称
9、COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
该表提供查询关于列(字段)的权限信息,表中的内容来自mysql.column_priv列权限表(需要针对一个表的列单独授权之后才会有内容)
-
该表是Memory引擎临时表
下面是该表中存储的信息内容
# 针对某个用户授予某表某列的SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE权限
root@localhost : information_schema 09:37:43> grant select(id),insert(id),update(id) on sbtest.sbtest1 to xx@'%' identified by 'xx';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
# select语句方式查询该表中的权限信息
root@localhost : information_schema 09:38:32> select * from COLUMN_PRIVILEGES;
+----------+---------------+--------------+------------+-------------+----------------+--------------+
| GRANTEE | TABLE_CATALOG | TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME | COLUMN_NAME | PRIVILEGE_TYPE | IS_GRANTABLE |
+----------+---------------+--------------+------------+-------------+----------------+--------------+
| 'xx'@'%' | def | sbtest | sbtest1 | id | SELECT | NO |
| 'xx'@'%' | def | sbtest | sbtest1 | id | INSERT | NO |
| 'xx'@'%' | def | sbtest | sbtest1 | id | UPDATE | NO |
+----------+---------------+--------------+------------+-------------+----------------+--------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
字段含义如下:
-
GRANTEE:PRIVILEGE_TYPE 列值的权限对应的授予者(账户名)
-
TABLE_CATALOG:该字段总是为def
-
TABLE_SCHEMA:PRIVILEGE_TYPE 列值的权限关联的表对应的库名
-
TABLE_NAME:PRIVILEGE_TYPE 列值的权限关联的表名
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COLUMN_NAME:PRIVILEGE_TYPE 列值的权限关联的字段名
-
PRIVILEGE_TYPE:具体的列权限名称,注意:该字段值只显示一个权限名称,即,如果一个字段拥有多个可授予的列权限值,则在该表中会记录多行记录,每行PRIVILEGE_TYPE列值仅对应一个权限名称
-
IS_GRANTABLE:如果GRANTEE列值表示的授予者还同时拥有grant option权限,则该列值为YES,否则为NO
PS:该表中的信息还可以通过show语句方式查询(select和show方式虽然都能查询该表中的列权限信息,但是查询的结果展示方式有所不同)
# 语法
SHOW GRANTS;
SHOW GRANTS FOR CURRENT_USER;
SHOW GRANTS FOR CURRENT_USER();
# 示例
root@localhost : information_schema 09:39:10> show grants for 'xx'@'%';
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for xx@% |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'xx'@'%' |
| GRANT SELECT (id), INSERT (id), UPDATE (id) ON `sbtest`.`sbtest1` TO 'xx'@'%' |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
限于篇幅,本期就先为大家介绍到这,下期《Server 层混杂信息字典表 | 全方位认识 information_schema(下)》将继续为大家介绍。