安装插件

cordova plugin add cordova-plugin-android-permissions

导入

var permissions = (window as any).cordova.plugins.permissions;

使用

permissions.checkPermission(
	permissions.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
		(status: any) => {
			if (!status.hasPermission) {   // status.hasPermission 为false表示未打开定位 true表达已打开定位
                // 申请权限
				permissions.requestPermission(
					permissions.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
					(status: any) => {
						if (!status.hasPermission) {
                            // 申请失败
						}
					},
					() => {
                        // 申请失败
					}
				);
				return;
			}
			// 打开权限之后的操作
	}
);

config.xml

<config-file parent="/manifest" target="AndroidManifest.xml"
      xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
      <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES"/>
      <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
      <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION"/>
</config-file>

platforms/android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml

<manifest android:hardwareAccelerated="true" android:versionCode="10908" android:versionName="1.9.8" package="com.sucsoft.jnsw" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_CHECKIN_PROPERTIES" />
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.location.gps" android:required="true" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
</manifest>

参考： https://blog.csdn.net/qq_20663175/article/details/80368176