本文以安装postgreSQL为例说明了Gentoo Linux 安装 软件的一般方法，同时总结了USE flag.
1.运行 emerge -pv postgresql-server 看下USE
- # emerge -pv postgresql-server
- These are the packages that would be merged, in order:
- Calculating dependencies... done!
- [ebuild N ] dev-db/postgresql-server-9.3.3 USE="nls pam xml -doc -perl -pg_legacytimestamp -python (-selinux) -tcl -uuid" LINGUAS="-af -cs -de -en -es -fa -fr -hr -hu -it -ko -nb -pl -pt_BR -ro -ru -sk -sl -sv -tr -zh_CN -zh_TW" 3 kB
- Total: 1 package (1 new), Size of downloads: 3 kB
------------------------------------------------------
【附】Gentoo USE:
USE的简单理解如下：一个软件不只包含软件本身，还包括其组件，如，文档，插件，GUI支持等。USE就是用来标记是否要安装软件的同时安装这些组件。
临时USE : USE="-java" emerge seamonkey
USE flag的颜色
红色：enable
蓝色：前面会带一个”-”，表示disable。
绿色：enable但是还没有边进去的use flag
黄色：上一个版本没有，这一个版本新加入的use flag
括号()：在你的平台上禁用的use flag
参考：
1.http://blog.csdn.net/aceking10/article/details/17116299
2.http://www.gentoo.org/doc/zh_cn/handbook/handbook-x86.xml?part=2&chap=2
3.http://forums.gentoo.tw/viewtopic.php?f=15&t=44462
------------------------------------------------------
设置 USE="python" LINGUAS="en zh_CN"
- # USE="python" LINGUAS="en zh_CN" emerge -pv postgresql-server
- These are the packages that would be merged, in order:
- Calculating dependencies... done!
- [ebuild N ] dev-db/postgresql-server-9.3.3 USE="nls pam python xml -doc -perl -pg_legacytimestamp (-selinux) -tcl -uuid" LINGUAS="en zh_CN -af -cs -de -es -fa -fr -hr -hu -it -ko -nb -pl -pt_BR -ro -ru -sk -sl -sv -tr -zh_TW" 3 kB
- Total: 1 package (1 new), Size of downloads: 3 kB
运行： USE="python" LINGUAS="en zh_CN" emerge postgresql-server 安装postgresql-server
- USE="python" LINGUAS="en zh_CN" emerge postgresql-server
完成时有如下提示：
- * If you have users and/or services that you would like to utilize the
- * socket, you must add them to the ‘postgres‘ system group:
- * usermod -a -G postgres <user>
- *
- * Before initializing the database, you may want to edit PG_INITDB_OPTS
- * so that it contains your preferred locale in:
- * /etc/conf.d/postgresql-9.3
- *
- * Then, execute the following command to setup the initial database
- * environment:
- * emerge --config =dev-db/postgresql-server-9.3.3
- gt;>> Auto-cleaning packages...
按照提示编辑 /etc/conf.d/postgresql-9.3 （可以直接使用默认，不做任何更改，遇到问题了再改）
- # 配置文件位置
- PGDATA="/etc/postgresql-9.3/"
- # 数据存放目录/to be created
- DATA_DIR="/var/lib/postgresql/9.3/data"
- # 可选 选项
- PG_INITDB_OPTS="--locale=en_US.UTF-8"
- # emerge --config =dev-db/postgresql-server-9.3.3
- ........
- * The autovacuum function, which was in contrib, has been moved to the main
- * PostgreSQL functions starting with 8.1, and starting with 8.4 is now enabled
- * by default. You can disable it in the cluster‘s:
- * /etc/postgresql-9.3/postgresql.conf
- *
- * The PostgreSQL server, by default, will log events to:
- * /var/lib/postgresql/9.3/data/postmaster.log
- *
- * You should use the ‘/etc/init.d/postgresql-9.3‘ script to run PostgreSQL
- * instead of ‘pg_ctl‘.
启动postgreSQL服务：/etc/init.d/postgresql-9.3 start
- # /etc/init.d/postgresql-9.3 start
- * Caching service dependencies ... [ ok ]
- * /var/run/postgresql: creating directory
- * /var/run/postgresql: correcting owner
- * Starting PostgreSQL ... [ ok ]
2. 测试 postgresql
- # psql -U postgres
- psql (9.3.3)
- Type "help" for help.
- postgres=# \l
- List of databases
- Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
- -----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
- postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
- template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
- | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
- template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
- | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
- (3 rows)
- postgres=#
参考：http://blog.csdn.net/cenziboy/article/details/7357066
1.运行 emerge -pv postgresql-server 看下USE
- # emerge -pv postgresql-server
- These are the packages that would be merged, in order:
- Calculating dependencies... done!
- [ebuild N ] dev-db/postgresql-server-9.3.3 USE="nls pam xml -doc -perl -pg_legacytimestamp -python (-selinux) -tcl -uuid" LINGUAS="-af -cs -de -en -es -fa -fr -hr -hu -it -ko -nb -pl -pt_BR -ro -ru -sk -sl -sv -tr -zh_CN -zh_TW" 3 kB
- Total: 1 package (1 new), Size of downloads: 3 kB
------------------------------------------------------
【附】Gentoo USE:
USE的简单理解如下：一个软件不只包含软件本身，还包括其组件，如，文档，插件，GUI支持等。USE就是用来标记是否要安装软件的同时安装这些组件。
临时USE : USE="-java" emerge seamonkey
USE flag的颜色
红色：enable
蓝色：前面会带一个”-”，表示disable。
绿色：enable但是还没有边进去的use flag
黄色：上一个版本没有，这一个版本新加入的use flag
括号()：在你的平台上禁用的use flag
参考：
1.http://blog.csdn.net/aceking10/article/details/17116299
2.http://www.gentoo.org/doc/zh_cn/handbook/handbook-x86.xml?part=2&chap=2
3.http://forums.gentoo.tw/viewtopic.php?f=15&t=44462
------------------------------------------------------
设置 USE="python" LINGUAS="en zh_CN"
- # USE="python" LINGUAS="en zh_CN" emerge -pv postgresql-server
- These are the packages that would be merged, in order:
- Calculating dependencies... done!
- [ebuild N ] dev-db/postgresql-server-9.3.3 USE="nls pam python xml -doc -perl -pg_legacytimestamp (-selinux) -tcl -uuid" LINGUAS="en zh_CN -af -cs -de -es -fa -fr -hr -hu -it -ko -nb -pl -pt_BR -ro -ru -sk -sl -sv -tr -zh_TW" 3 kB
- Total: 1 package (1 new), Size of downloads: 3 kB
运行： USE="python" LINGUAS="en zh_CN" emerge postgresql-server 安装postgresql-server
- USE="python" LINGUAS="en zh_CN" emerge postgresql-server
完成时有如下提示：
- * If you have users and/or services that you would like to utilize the
- * socket, you must add them to the ‘postgres‘ system group:
- * usermod -a -G postgres <user>
- *
- * Before initializing the database, you may want to edit PG_INITDB_OPTS
- * so that it contains your preferred locale in:
- * /etc/conf.d/postgresql-9.3
- *
- * Then, execute the following command to setup the initial database
- * environment:
- * emerge --config =dev-db/postgresql-server-9.3.3
- gt;>> Auto-cleaning packages...
按照提示编辑 /etc/conf.d/postgresql-9.3 （可以直接使用默认，不做任何更改，遇到问题了再改）
- # 配置文件位置
- PGDATA="/etc/postgresql-9.3/"
- # 数据存放目录/to be created
- DATA_DIR="/var/lib/postgresql/9.3/data"
- # 可选 选项
- PG_INITDB_OPTS="--locale=en_US.UTF-8"
- # emerge --config =dev-db/postgresql-server-9.3.3
- ........
- * The autovacuum function, which was in contrib, has been moved to the main
- * PostgreSQL functions starting with 8.1, and starting with 8.4 is now enabled
- * by default. You can disable it in the cluster‘s:
- * /etc/postgresql-9.3/postgresql.conf
- *
- * The PostgreSQL server, by default, will log events to:
- * /var/lib/postgresql/9.3/data/postmaster.log
- *
- * You should use the ‘/etc/init.d/postgresql-9.3‘ script to run PostgreSQL
- * instead of ‘pg_ctl‘.
启动postgreSQL服务：/etc/init.d/postgresql-9.3 start
- # /etc/init.d/postgresql-9.3 start
- * Caching service dependencies ... [ ok ]
- * /var/run/postgresql: creating directory
- * /var/run/postgresql: correcting owner
- * Starting PostgreSQL ... [ ok ]
测试 postgresql
- # psql -U postgres
- psql (9.3.3)
- Type "help" for help.
- postgres=# \l
- List of databases
- Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
- -----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
- postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 |
- template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
- | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
- template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
- | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
- (3 rows)
- postgres=#