spring

2022-03-31 06:02:05

spring框架

Spring框架是由于软件开发的复杂性而创建的。Spring使用的是基本的JavaBean来完成以前只可能由EJB完成的事情。然而，Spring的用途不仅仅限于服务器端的开发。从简单性、可测试性和松耦合性的角度而言，绝大部分Java应用都可以从Spring中受益。
◆目的：解决企业应用开发的复杂性
◆功能：使用基本的JavaBean代替EJB，并提供了更多的企业应用功能
◆范围：任何Java应用
Spring是一个轻量级控制反转(IoC)和面向切面(AOP)的容器框架。

例1：方向生成spring
hello.java
package bean;

public class Hello {
    private String message;

	public String getMessage() {
		return message;
	}

	public void setMessage(String message) {
		this.message = message;
	}
    public String sayHello(){
    	return "Hello!"+message;
    }
}

applicationContext.xml(生成spring的XML文件)，把hello.java加到xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
	xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd">

     <bean  name="hello1"  class="bean.Hello">
        <property name="message"  value="spring"></property>
     </bean>
</beans>

测试Test.java
package test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import bean.Hello;

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		/**
		 * application context构造器通常使用字符串或字符串数组作为资源
		 * (比如组成context定义 的XML文件)的定位路径。
		 */
		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
				"applicationContext.xml");
		Hello hello = (Hello) context.getBean("hello1");//去找xml文件中bean的name
		System.out.println(hello.sayHello());
	}
}

spring
例2：
加spring的jar包：
spring

接口InK.java
package bean;

public interface InK {
	   //设定墨水颜色
       public String getColer();
}

   接口Paper.java
package bean;

public interface Paper {
	   //设定尺寸
       public String getSize();
       //纸张的厂商
       public String getPub();
}

继承接口的类
package bean;

public class A4Paper implements Paper{
    


	@Override
	public String getSize() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return "A4";
	}

	@Override
	public String getPub() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return "csdn";
	}
   
}

package bean;

public class B5Paper implements Paper{
    


	@Override
	public String getSize() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return "B5";
	}

	@Override
	public String getPub() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return "java";
	}
   
}


package bean;

public class BlackInk implements InK{
    

	@Override
	public String getColer() {
		
		return "caise墨水";
	}
   
}

package bean;

public class ColorInk implements InK{
    

	@Override
	public String getColer() {
		
		return "黑白墨水";
	}
   
}

Printer.java
package bean;

public class Printer {
     private InK inK;
     private Paper paper;
     
     private float price;
 
     //打印方法
     public void print(String str){
    	 System.out.println("用这个颜色的墨水"+inK.getColer());
    	 System.out.println("用那个厂商尺寸的纸"+paper.getSize());
    	 System.out.println("用那个厂商的纸"+paper.getPub());
    	 System.out.println(str);
     }
     //注入方式3中
     //1.构造函数   参数生命周期等同对象的声明周期

	public Printer() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	public Printer(InK inK, Paper paper,float price) {
		super();
		this.inK = inK;
		this.paper = paper;
 		this.price=price;//******通过基本数据类型，注入price*******必须写在构造方法中
	}
     
	//2.通过一般方法注入,导致参数设定受限制
    public void init(InK inK, Paper paper) {
 		this.inK = inK;
 		this.paper = paper;

 	}

    
    //3.set get使用灵活，但是繁琐
	public InK getInK() {
		return inK;
	}

	public void setInK(InK inK) {
		this.inK = inK;
	}

	public Paper getPaper() {
		return paper;
	}

	public void setPaper(Paper paper) {
		this.paper = paper;
	}
     
    
   
    
}

分别测试输出这三中方法
/*
		 * InK ink = new ColorInk(); Paper paper = new B5Paper(); //1. //Printer
		 * print = new Printer(ink, paper); //print.print("打印机测试");
		 * 
		 * //2. Printer print=new Printer(); print.init(ink, paper);
		 * print.print("打印机测试");
		 * 
		 * //3. Printer print=new Printer(); print.setInK(ink);
		 * print.setPaper(paper); print.print("打印机测试");
		 */

// 早期的方式创建资源
		
		  Resource res=new ClassPathResource("applicationContext.xml");
		  
		  BeanFactory factory=new XmlBeanFactory(res); Printer
		 printer=factory.getBean("printer",Printer.class);
		  printer.print("答应测试");


spring
如果使用国际化标签必须在XML中配置

	<!-- 国际化必须配置 -->
	<bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
		<property name="basenames">
			<list>
				<value>mess</value>//国际标签的名字，可以配写多个
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>


applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd">

	<bean name="inK" class="bean.BlackInk"></bean>
	<bean name="paper" class="bean.B5Paper"></bean>
	<!-- 多例一般是线程安全的 scope="prototype"才使用， 一般都是单例模式 -->
	<!--通过get和set方法注入 -->
	<bean name="printer" class="bean.Printer">
		<property name="inK">
			<ref bean="inK" />
		</property>
		<property name="paper">
			<ref bean="paper" />
		</property>
	</bean>
	<!-- 构造函数的调用 -->
	<bean name="print" class="bean.Printer">
		<constructor-arg>
			<ref bean="inK" />
		</constructor-arg>
		<constructor-arg>
			<ref bean="paper" />
		</constructor-arg>
		<!-- 通过基本数据类型 -->
		<constructor-arg>
			<value>2222.0</value>
		</constructor-arg>
	</bean>


	<bean name="printer2" class="bean.Printer">
		<property name="inK">
			<ref bean="inK" />
		</property>
		<property name="paper">
			<ref bean="paper" />
		</property>
	</bean>
</beans>

测试代码（如果在XML文件中有两个Printer.Class必须指定唯一name的Printer printer = context.getBean("printer",Printer.class)  printer）
		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
				"applicationContext.xml");
		// Printer printer=context.getBean(Printer.class);
		// 两个bean在applicationContext.xml
		/**
		 * <bean name="printer" class="bean.Printer"> <property name="inK"> <ref
		 * bean="inK" /> </property> <property name="paper"> <ref bean="paper"
		 * /> </property> </bean> <bean name="printer1" class="bean.Printer">
		 * <property name="inK"> <ref bean="inK" /> </property> <property
		 * name="paper"> <ref bean="paper" /> </property> </bean>
		 */
		//Printer printer = context.getBean(Printer.class);//会报错，必须指定唯一的
		Printer printer = context.getBean("printer",Printer.class);

		printer.print("答应测试");

spring

声明多个XML文件bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd">

	<bean name="ink1" class="bean.ColorInk"></bean>
	<bean name="paper1" class="bean.A4Paper"></bean>

	<bean name="printer1" class="bean.Printer">
		<property name="inK">
			<ref bean="ink1" />
		</property>
		<property name="paper">
			<ref bean="paper1" />
		</property>
	</bean>
	<!-- 国际化必须配置 -->
	<bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
		<property name="basenames">
			<list>
				<value>mess</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>
</beans>

测试代码bean.xml与applicationContext.xml里面的bean-name不能为一样
<bean name="paper1" class="bean.A4Paper"></bean>


<bean name="printer1" class="bean.Printer">
<property name="paper">
<ref bean="paper1" />
</property>
</bean>
ref里的bean名称与name相等，property的name为类中的名称
ApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"bean.xml","applicationContext.xml"});
		Printer printer=ctx.getBean("printer",Printer.class);
	    Printer printer1=ctx.getBean("printer1",Printer.class);
	    printer1.print("aaa");
	    printer.print("datiny");
spring
mess.properties
hello=welcome,{0}
now=now is\:{0}
测试代码
 //国际化  参数1配置文件key 参数2占位符参数  参数3语言环境locale
		ApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"applicationContext.xml","bean.xml"});
		String hello=ctx.getMessage("hello",new Object[]{"spring"},Locale.getDefault());
		System.out.println(hello);
		String hello1=ctx.getMessage("now",new Object[]{new Date()},Locale.getDefault());
		System.out.println(hello1);
spring

事件必须在XML文件配置
<!-- 配置自定义事件EmailEvent的监听器 -->
	<bean class="bean.EmailListener" name="email" />


EmailEvent.java
package bean;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;

public class EmailEvent extends ApplicationEvent{

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	
	private String address;
	private String text;
	
	
	//source事件源
	public EmailEvent(Object source) {
		super(source);
		
	}


	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}

	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}


	public String getText() {
		return text;
	}


	public void setText(String text) {
		this.text = text;
	}


	public EmailEvent(Object source, String address, String text) {
		super(source);
		this.address = address;
		this.text = text;
	}
    
	
}

EmailListener.java
package bean;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
//监听器
public class EmailListener   implements ApplicationListener<EmailEvent> {

	@Override
	public void onApplicationEvent(EmailEvent arg0) {
		System.out.println(arg0.getAddress());
		System.out.println(arg0.getText());
		System.out.println(arg0.getSource());
		System.out.println(arg0.getTimestamp());
	}

}


  /*
	     * 手动抛事件
	     */
		//先绑定事件   
		ApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"bean.xml","applicationContext.xml"});
		Printer printer=ctx.getBean("print",Printer.class);
		EmailEvent event=new EmailEvent(printer,"csdn","csdn");
		
		ctx.publishEvent(event);

spring

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spring

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