Django-慕课网制作（一）

2023-11-01 16:39:40

从今天开始通过慕课网：强力Django+ 杀手级xadmin开发在线教育网站（全新开发） 这套教程来从零开始实现搭建一个在线教育网站

第一天：

创建一个django项目（使用django2.2版本）
明确项目app
创建对应的数据库

创建django项目

https://www.cnblogs.com/hellosen/p/12402362.html

明确项目app

通过对网站需求的理解，一共创建了四个app

users：用户操作
operation：教育机构
organizations：用户的一些操作如收藏，点评等
courses：课程

创建对应的数据库

这是今天学习的重点
首先我们先明确一个结构，分层结构
在网站数据设计的时候首先要明确一个底层的数据库，其他app可以调用它，但是他不能调用他的上级，只能调用它同级的数据库，在最顶的app创建的数据库可以对整个apps进行调用。这样的好处就是使整个程序的数据库设计更加的简洁

在这个网站中 users 是最低成的apps他不能调用其他apps 而operation和course这个两个之间可以相互下调用并调用users表但是他们两个不能调用organizations 这个app 而organizations 可以调用下面的所有app

好了上面的注意点说好了下面是实际操作了

首先是users app

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser

# AbstractUser 我们继承django中自带的一个用户表然后又重新写了一些需要的字段
class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
    nick_name = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name='昵称',default="")
    birthday = models.DateField(verbose_name='生日',null=True,blank=True)
    genderChoice=((1,'男'),
                  (2,'女'),
                  (3,'保密'))
    gender = models.IntegerField(choices=genderChoice,verbose_name='性别',default=3)
    address = models.CharField(max_length=100,verbose_name='地址',default='')
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11,verbose_name='手机号',unique=True)
    image = models.ImageField(unique='head_image/%Y/%m',verbose_name='用户头像',default='head_image/default.jpg')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name='用户信息'
        verbose_name_plural=verbose_name
        db_table = 'Users'
    def __str__(self):
        if self.nick_name:
            return self.nick_name
        else:
            return self.username


'''
这个BaseModel他只有一个字段就是增加时间 
后面的所有model都有一个增加时间字段这里
我们就可以先写一个让其他几个model继承他
'''
class BaseModel(models.Model):
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime,verbose_name='添加时间')
    class Meta:
        abstract = True # 设置不生成表

这里我们注意一点上面的的我设置设置的user表我们要在setting.py 中写下

AUTH_USER_MODEL = "users.UserProfile"

用来告诉django用户表是哪一个。

第二个是courses app

from datetime import datetime
from django.db import models

from apps.users.models import BaseModel
from apps.operation.models import Teacher

# Create your models here.
class Course(BaseModel):
    teacher = models.ForeignKey(Teacher,on_delete=models.CASCADE,verbose_name='授课讲师')
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='课程名称')
    desc = models.CharField(max_length=300, verbose_name='课程描述')
    learn_times = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='视频时长')
    degreeChoices = ((0, '初级'), (1, '中级'), (2, '高级'))
    degree = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='难度', choices=degreeChoices, default=0)
    category = models.CharField(default=u'后端开发', max_length=120, verbose_name='课程类别')
    students = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='学习人数')
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='收藏人数')
    click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='点击数')
    tag = models.CharField(default="", verbose_name='课程标签', max_length=10)
    youneed_know = models.CharField(default="", max_length=300, verbose_name='课程须知')
    teacher_tell = models.CharField(default="", max_length=300, verbose_name='老师告诉你')
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='course/%Y/%m', verbose_name='封面图片', default='course/default.jpg')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '课程信息'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        db_table = 'course'

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Lesson(BaseModel):
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='课程名称')
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='章节名称')
    learn_times = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'学习时长(分钟)')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '章节信息'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        db_table = 'Lesson'

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Video(BaseModel):
    lesson = models.ForeignKey(Lesson, verbose_name="章节", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u'视频名')
    learn_times = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'学习时长(分钟)')
    url = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name='访问地址')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '视频'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        db_table = 'Video'

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class CourseResource(BaseModel):
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='课程')
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u'课程资源')
    file = models.FileField(upload_to='course/resourse/%Y/%m', verbose_name='下载地址', max_length=200)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '课程资源'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        db_table = 'CourseResource'

第三个是organizations app

from django.db import models
from apps.users.models import BaseModel


# Create your models here.
class City(BaseModel):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='城市')
    desc = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name='描述')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '城市'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        db_table = 'City'


class CourseOrg(BaseModel):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='机构名称')
    desc = models.TextField(verbose_name='描述')
    tag = models.CharField(default='全国知名', max_length=10, verbose_name='机构标签')
    categoryChoices = ((0, '培训机构'), (1, '个人'), (2, '高校'))
    category = models.IntegerField(default=0, choices=categoryChoices, verbose_name='机构类型')
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='收藏人数')
    click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='点击数')
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='org/%Y/%m', verbose_name=u'logo', max_length=50, default='org/default.jpg')
    address = models.ForeignKey(City, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name=u'机构地址')
    students = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='学习人数')
    course_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='课程数量')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '课程机构'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        db_table = 'CourseOrg'


class Teacher(BaseModel):
    org = models.ForeignKey(CourseOrg, on_delete=models.CharField, verbose_name='所属机构')
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='教师名称')
    work_years = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='工作年限')
    work_company = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='就职公司')
    work_position = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='公司职位')
    points = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='教学特点')
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='收藏人数')
    click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='点击数')
    age = models.IntegerField(default=18, verbose_name='年龄')
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='teacher/%Y/%m', verbose_name=u'头像', max_length=50,
                              default='teacher/default.jpg')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '课程机构'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        db_table = 'Teacher'

第三个是organizations app

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
# Create your models here.
from apps.users.models import BaseModel
from apps.courses.models import Course
User = get_user_model()
class UserAsk(BaseModel):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20,verbose_name='姓名')
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11,verbose_name='手机号')
    course_name = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name='课程名称')
    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '用户咨询'
        verbose_name_plural =verbose_name
        db_table = 'UserAsk'
class CourseComments(BaseModel):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User,on_delete=models.CASCADE,verbose_name='用户')
    course =models.ForeignKey(Course,on_delete=models.CASCADE,verbose_name='课程')
    comments = models.CharField(200,verbose_name='评论')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '课程评论'
        verbose_name_plural =verbose_name
        db_table = 'CourseComments'

class UserFavorite(BaseModel):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='用户')
    fav_id = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='数据id')
    typeChoices = ((1,'课程'),(2,'课程机构'),(3,'讲师'))
    fav_type = models.IntegerField(choices=typeChoices,default=1,verbose_name='收藏类型')
    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '用户收藏'
        verbose_name_plural =verbose_name
        db_table = 'UserFavorite'
class UserMessage(BaseModel):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='用户')
    message = models.CharField(max_length=200,verbose_name='消息内容')
    is_read = models.BooleanField(default=False,verbose_name='是否已读')
    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '用户消息'
        verbose_name_plural =verbose_name
        db_table = 'UserMessage'

class UserCourse(BaseModel):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='用户')
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='课程')
    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '用户课程'
        verbose_name_plural =verbose_name
        db_table = 'UserCourse'

码农公寓

第一天：

创建django项目

明确项目app

创建对应的数据库

相关文章