Java启动新线程的额外开销

在启动一个新线程的时候会有一定时间的额外开销,因此并不是所有情况下都应使用多线程。如下的代码段进行简单实验探讨:

//TimeCostToStartNewThread.java

public class TimeCostToStartNewThread{
	
	public static void main(String[] args){
		long now1 = System.nanoTime();
		for(int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++){// i依次取值100,1000,10000,100000,1000000,10000000
			
		}
		long current1 = System.nanoTime();
		System.out.println("current - now 1 = " + (current1 - now1));
		long now2 = System.nanoTime();
		new Thread(new Runnable(){
			public void run(){
					for(int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++){
						
					}
			}	
		}).start();
		long current2 = System.nanoTime();
		System.out.println( "current - now 2 = " + (current2 - now2));	
	}
}


D:\CodingLearning\Java多线程设计>javac TimeCostToStartNewThread.java
D:\CodingLearning\Java多线程设计>java TimeCostToStartNewThread
current - now 1 = 906
current - now 2 = 427110

D:\CodingLearning\Java多线程设计>javac TimeCostToStartNewThread.java
D:\CodingLearning\Java多线程设计>java TimeCostToStartNewThread
current - now 1 = 4527
current - now 2 = 435864

D:\CodingLearning\Java多线程设计>javac TimeCostToStartNewThread.java
D:\CodingLearning\Java多线程设计>java TimeCostToStartNewThread
current - now 1 = 45277
current - now 2 = 394511

D:\CodingLearning\Java多线程设计>javac TimeCostToStartNewThread.java
D:\CodingLearning\Java多线程设计>java TimeCostToStartNewThread
current - now 1 = 419263
current - now 2 = 456993

D:\CodingLearning\Java多线程设计>javac TimeCostToStartNewThread.java
D:\CodingLearning\Java多线程设计>java TimeCostToStartNewThread
current - now 1 = 683679
current - now 2 = 429525

D:\CodingLearning\Java多线程设计>javac TimeCostToStartNewThread.java
D:\CodingLearning\Java多线程设计>java TimeCostToStartNewThread
current - now 1 = 3157601
current - now 2 = 447938

D:\CodingLearning\Java多线程设计>

从上面的结果上我们可以得知启动一个新线程的额外开销大约在4*(10的6次方)纳秒的时间,当使用顺序编程的开销时间大于这个值时,我们可以考虑使用多线程。

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Java启动新线程的额外开销

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