Mysql主从搭建

jdk安装
https://www.cnblogs.com/yjlch1016/p/8900841.html

下载mysql版本5.6
建议到mysql官方下载:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html#downloads
我的百度网盘也可下载:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1etS7z8CsRlyb_FlLSErxYA
提取码:ff64
文件名为:mysql-5.6.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

添加用户mysql和组myGroup
> useradd mysql

> groupadd myGroup

> usermod -G myGroup mysql

初始化mysql用户名密码:
> passwd mysql

解压mysql
下载好的文件存储到到/usr/local/目录
> tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

重命名目录(命名为:mysql)
> cd /usr/local

>mv mysql-5.6.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql

改变目录权限
>chown -R mysql:myGroup /usr/local/mysql

注意:-R参数表示递归改变,也即子目录的权限同样改变

安装mysql
>/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

有的时候第一次安装可能失败,第二次安装就成功了。
/etc/my.cnf配置内容:
Mysql主从搭建
/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf配置内容:

Mysql主从搭建

注意:安装过程可能出现错误,需要分析逐一解决,常见错误有:
1、提示:Can't locate Data/Dumper.pm
解决方法:https://blog.csdn.net/zhengwei125/article/details/79093068

1、解决Can’t locate ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm in @INC
解决方法:https://blog.csdn.net/celeste7777/article/details/77117371
>yum install perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker

2、gcc未安装错误:
解决方法:
https://blog.csdn.net/btt2013/article/details/78138045
>yum -y install gcc
>yum -y install gcc-c++

## 添加mysql启动服务
> cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

## 修改mysql配置
>vi /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf

注意:端口号,服务号,binlog, relay-log都要开启(以下为slave的配置)
[mysqld]
log_bin=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-bin
relay_log=slave-relay-bin
relay_log_index=slave-relay-bin.index
port =3307
server_id =890
Mysql主从搭建

添加环境变量
> vi /etc/profile

添加环境变量
export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH
Mysql主从搭建

生效环境变量:
>source /etc/profile

注意:安装了mysql以后,建议重启下服务器(若为环境变量的生效,则不需要重启)

启动mysql

> mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 -p

首次登陆没有密码直接回车

指定配置文件的启动方式:
进入bin目录

> ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root &


不确定:WARNING: Found existing config file /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf on the system.
Because this file might be in use, it was not replaced,
but was used in bootstrap (unless you used --defaults-file)
and when you later start the server.
The new default config file was created as /usr/local/mysql/my-new.cnf,
please compare it with your file and take the changes you need.

WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system
This file will be read by default by the MySQL server
If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the
--defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server

拷贝文件my.cnf到/etc目录

设置数据库root密码
登录数据库(注意:首次登录不需要输入密码,登录以后设置root密码):
>mysql -u root -p
如果这个命令报错:/tmp/mysql.lock
换用这个命令:

>mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 -p

首次登陆没有密码直接回车

> use mysql;
>UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD('123456') WHERE user='root';
>flush privileges;

注意:flush执行以后密码设置才能生效

主库增加mysql用户名的访问权限
进入主库服务器
>cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

注意:执行以下命令后,输入上步已经设置好的root密码
>mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 -p
或者
>mysql -u root -p

创建用户:mysql
> CREATE USER 'mysql'@'host' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

设置mysql用户的登录密码:

>UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD('123456') WHERE user='mysql';

生效设置(这步别忘记喽,否则无效)

>flush privileges;

开启远程访问权限:

>mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 -p
> use mysql;
> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by "123456";
> flush privileges;

另外一台从机器远程连接测试下:

>cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
>mysql -h 121.175.107.11 -P 3306 -u mysql -p

Mysql主从搭建

查看主库的binlog偏移量position:
>cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

>mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 -p
或者
>mysql -u root -p

>show master status;

Mysql主从搭建

 

开启slave同步
进入从服务器
>cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

>mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 -p
或者
>mysql -u root -p

注意:1、假设主服务器的IP:192.168.0.104
2、master服务器产生的日志master-bin序号为为如上截图001780
3、日志偏移位置:16258
>change master to master_host='192.168.0.104',
master_port=3306,
master_user='mysql',
master_password='123456',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.001780',
master_log_pos=16612;

启动Slave开启同步
>start slave;

>show slave status\G;

注意:如果slave_io_running和slave_sql_running都为yes,那么表明可以成功同步了。
io状态为no的常见问题分析:
1、检查master的日志的序号和偏移量,从库连接master指定参数确认一致。

Mysql主从搭建

Mysql主从搭建

Mysql主从搭建

 

 

 

 

 

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