重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps (57) - 本地化和全球化
作者:webabcd
介绍
重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps 之 本地化和全球化
- 本地化 - Demo
- 本地化 - 改变语言
- 全球化 - Demo
- 全球化 - 格式化数字
示例
1、演示本地化的基本应用
Localization/LocalizationDemo.xaml
<Page x:Class="XamlDemo.Localization.LocalizationDemo" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Localization" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d"> <Grid Background="Transparent"> <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0"> <TextBlock FontSize="14.667"> <Run>本地化资源文件,以下举例说明:</Run> <LineBreak /> <Run>1、在 en 目录下的是英文资源文件,在 zh-CN 目录下的是简体中文(zh 代表语言,CN 代表国家或地区)资源文件</Run> <LineBreak /> <Run>2、Resources.lang-en.resw 代表英文资源文件,Resources.lang-zh-CN.resw 代表简体中文资源文件</Run> <LineBreak /> <Run>3、图片资源的本地化可以参照以上命名规则,同时可与 scale 和 high contrast 相结合</Run> <LineBreak /> <Run>4、Package.appxmanifest 中引用的字符串也支持本地化,引用方式:ms-resource:Hello 或 ms-resource:///Resources/Hello</Run> <LineBreak /> <Run>5、Tile 和 Toast 中引用的字符串也支持本地化,引用方式:ms-resource:Hello 或 ms-resource:///Resources/Hello</Run> <LineBreak /> <Run>6、当无法找到某语言对应的资源时,系统会自动使用 Package.appxmanifest 中设置的默认语言所对应的资源</Run> </TextBlock> <!-- 通过 x:Uid 本地化控件的各个属性,请参看资源文件中的 HelloTextBlock.FontSize 和 HelloTextBlock.Text --> <TextBlock x:Uid="HelloTextBlock" Margin="0 10 0 0" /> <!-- code - behind 方式获取本地化资源 --> <TextBlock x:Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" Margin="0 10 0 0" /> <!-- 图片的本地化 --> <Image Source="/Localization/Logo.png" Width="200" Height="100" Margin="0 10 0 0" HorizontalAlignment="Left" /> </StackPanel> </Grid> </Page>
Localization/LocalizationDemo.xaml.cs
/* * 演示本地化的基本应用 * * 另: * Visual Studio 2012 的多语言应用程序工具包请参见:http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows/apps/hh848309 */ using Windows.ApplicationModel.Resources; using Windows.ApplicationModel.Resources.Core; using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls; using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation; namespace XamlDemo.Localization { public sealed partial class LocalizationDemo : Page { public LocalizationDemo() { this.InitializeComponent(); } protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e) { /* * ResourceLoader resourceLoader = new ResourceLoader(); - 获取默认的 ResourceLoader(Resources.resw 中的资源) * ResourceLoader resourceLoader = new ResourceLoader("MyResources"); - 获取指定的 ResourceLoader(MyResources.resw 中的资源) * ResourceLoader resourceLoader = new ResourceLoader("ClassLibrary/MyResources"); - 获取指定类库的指定的 ResourceLoader(ClassLibrary 类库中的 MyResources.resw 中的资源) */ // 获取默认的 ResourceLoader(即 Resources.resw 中的资源) ResourceLoader resourceLoader = new ResourceLoader(); // 通过资源标识,获取指定的资源 lblMsg.Text = resourceLoader.GetString("Hello"); } } }
2、演示与“改变语言”相关的一些应用
Localization/Language.xaml
<Page x:Class="XamlDemo.Localization.Language" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Localization" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d"> <Grid Background="Transparent"> <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0"> <ComboBox Name="cmbLanguage" Width="800" HorizontalAlignment="Left" /> <Button Name="btnGetEng" Content="获取英文资源" Margin="0 10 0 0" Click="btnGetEng_Click_1" /> <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" Margin="0 10 0 0" /> </StackPanel> </Grid> </Page>
Localization/Language.xaml.cs
/* * 演示与“改变语言”相关的一些应用 * * 1、演示如何改变当前的语言环境 * 2、演示如何监测当前语言环境发生的变化 * 3、演示如何获取指定语言环境下的资源 */ using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using Windows.ApplicationModel.Resources.Core; using Windows.Globalization; using Windows.UI.Core; using Windows.UI.Xaml; using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls; namespace XamlDemo.Localization { public sealed partial class Language : Page { public Language() { this.InitializeComponent(); this.Loaded += Language_Loaded; } void Language_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { string currentLanguage; // 获取当前的语言 ResourceManager.Current.DefaultContext.QualifierValues.TryGetValue("Language", out currentLanguage); lblMsg.Text = "current language: " + currentLanguage; lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // ApplicationLanguages.ManifestLanguages - 遍历 Package.appxmanifest 中的语言列表 foreach (string strLang in ApplicationLanguages.ManifestLanguages) { // 关于 Language 的说明详见 GlobalizationDemo.xaml var lang = new Windows.Globalization.Language(strLang); cmbLanguage.Items.Add(string.Format("DisplayName:{0}, NativeName:{1}, LanguageTag:{2}, Script:{3}", lang.DisplayName, lang.NativeName, lang.LanguageTag, lang.Script)); } cmbLanguage.SelectionChanged += cmbLanguage_SelectionChanged; // 获取当前语言环境的指定资源 lblMsg.Text += ResourceManager.Current.MainResourceMap.GetValue("Resources/Hello").ValueAsString; // 当前语言环境发生改变时所触发的事件(通过 API 更改或者通过“电脑设置 -> 常规 -> 语言首选项”更改都会触发此事件) ResourceManager.Current.DefaultContext.QualifierValues.MapChanged += async (s, m) => { await Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () => { lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; lblMsg.Text += ResourceManager.Current.MainResourceMap.GetValue("Resources/Hello").ValueAsString; }); }; } void cmbLanguage_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e) { // ApplicationLanguages.PrimaryLanguageOverride - 设置或获取首选语言的 BCP-47 语言标记 if (cmbLanguage.SelectedValue.ToString().Contains("LanguageTag:en")) Windows.Globalization.ApplicationLanguages.PrimaryLanguageOverride = "en"; else if (cmbLanguage.SelectedValue.ToString().Contains("LanguageTag:zh-Hans-CN")) Windows.Globalization.ApplicationLanguages.PrimaryLanguageOverride = "zh-Hans-CN"; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); // ApplicationLanguages.Languages - 运行时级别的语言列表 foreach (string item in ApplicationLanguages.Languages) { sb.Append(item); sb.Append(","); } lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; lblMsg.Text += "ApplicationLanguages.Languages: " + sb.ToString(); } private void btnGetEng_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { // 指定 ResourceContext 为 en 语言环境 ResourceContext resourceContext = new ResourceContext(); resourceContext.Languages = new List<string>() { "en" }; // 获取 en 语言环境下的 Resources 映射 ResourceMap resourceMap = ResourceManager.Current.MainResourceMap.GetSubtree("Resources"); lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 获取指定的语言环境下的指定标识的资源 lblMsg.Text += "英语的 Hello: " + resourceMap.GetValue("Hello", resourceContext).ValueAsString; } } }
3、演示全球化的基本应用
Localization/GlobalizationDemo.xaml
<Page x:Class="XamlDemo.Localization.GlobalizationDemo" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Localization" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d"> <Grid Background="Transparent"> <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0"> <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" /> </StackPanel> </Grid> </Page>
Localization/GlobalizationDemo.xaml.cs
/* * 演示全球化的基本应用 * * 注:本地化和全球化的区别 * 1、全球化的产品应该适用于任何一个本地市场 * 2、本地化通常会有 UI 的调整,语言的翻译,甚至是针对本地开发的一些特殊的功能 * 3、一个全球化的产品做本地化时,一般只做语言翻译 */ using System; using Windows.Globalization; using Windows.System.UserProfile; using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls; using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation; namespace XamlDemo.Localization { public sealed partial class GlobalizationDemo : Page { public GlobalizationDemo() { this.InitializeComponent(); } protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e) { // 首选语言 lblMsg.Text = "Current Languages: " + string.Join(", ", GlobalizationPreferences.Languages); lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 首选日历(比如:GregorianCalendar 提供了世界上大多数国家/地区使用的标准日历系统) lblMsg.Text += "Current Calendars: " + string.Join(", ", GlobalizationPreferences.Calendars); lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 时钟显示(比如:24HourClock) lblMsg.Text += "Current Clocks: " + string.Join(", ", GlobalizationPreferences.Clocks); lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 区域(比如:CN) lblMsg.Text += "Current HomeGeographicRegion: " + GlobalizationPreferences.HomeGeographicRegion; lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 一周的第一天是周几(比如:中国是 Monday) lblMsg.Text += "Current WeekStartsOn: " + GlobalizationPreferences.WeekStartsOn.ToString(); lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // Language - 语言对象,通过指定 BCP-47 语言标记来实例化语言对象 Windows.Globalization.Language language = new Windows.Globalization.Language("zh-Hans-CN"); // 语言的本地化名称 lblMsg.Text += "zh-Hans-CN Language DisplayName: " + language.DisplayName; lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 语言本身的名称 lblMsg.Text += "zh-Hans-CN Language NativeName: " + language.NativeName; lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 语言的 BCP-47 语言标记 lblMsg.Text += "zh-Hans-CN Language LanguageTag: " + language.LanguageTag; lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 语言的 ISO 15924 脚本代码 lblMsg.Text += "zh-Hans-CN Language Script: " + language.Script; lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 获取当前输入法编辑器 (IME) 的 BCP-47 语言标记 lblMsg.Text += "zh-Hans-CN Language CurrentInputMethodLanguageTag: " + Windows.Globalization.Language.CurrentInputMethodLanguageTag; lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // GeographicRegion - 区域对象(关于 ISO 3166-1 请参见:http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/ISO_3166-1) GeographicRegion geographicRegion = new GeographicRegion(); // 获取当前的区域对象。 // 区域的本地化名称 lblMsg.Text += "Current Region DisplayName: " + geographicRegion.DisplayName; lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 区域本身的名称 lblMsg.Text += "Current Region NativeName: " + geographicRegion.NativeName; lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 该区域内使用的货币类型 lblMsg.Text += "Current Region CurrenciesInUse: " + string.Join(",", geographicRegion.CurrenciesInUse); lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 该区域的 ISO 3166-1 二位字母标识 lblMsg.Text += "Current Region CodeTwoLetter: " + geographicRegion.CodeTwoLetter; lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 该区域的 ISO 3166-1 三位字母标识 lblMsg.Text += "Current Region CodeThreeLetter: " + geographicRegion.CodeThreeLetter; // 该区域的 ISO 3166-1 数字标识 lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; lblMsg.Text += "Current Region CodeThreeDigit: " + geographicRegion.CodeThreeDigit; lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // Calendar - 日历对象,默认返回当前系统的默认日历 Calendar calendarDefault = new Calendar(); // 第一个参数:将日历转换为字符串时,优先使用的语言标识列表;第二个参数:指定日历的类型;第三个参数:指定是12小时制还是24小时制 Calendar calendarHebrew = new Calendar(new[] { "zh-CN" }, CalendarIdentifiers.Hebrew, ClockIdentifiers.TwentyFourHour); lblMsg.Text += "Gregorian Day: " + calendarDefault.DayAsString(); // 公历的日期 lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; lblMsg.Text += "Hebrew Day: " + calendarHebrew.DayAsString(); // 希伯来历的日期 // Calendar 还有很多属性和方法,不再一一介绍,需要时查 msdn } } }
4、演示不同语言环境下对数字的格式化
Localization/NumberFormatting.xaml
<Page x:Class="XamlDemo.Localization.NumberFormatting" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Localization" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d"> <Grid Background="Transparent"> <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0"> <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" /> </StackPanel> </Grid> </Page>
Localization/NumberFormatting.xaml.cs
/* * 演示不同语言环境下对数字的格式化 */ using System; using Windows.Globalization.NumberFormatting; using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls; using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation; namespace XamlDemo.Localization { public sealed partial class NumberFormatting : Page { public NumberFormatting() { this.InitializeComponent(); } protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e) { // 百分比格式化 PercentFormatter percentFormatter = new PercentFormatter(); // PercentFormatter percentFormatter = new PercentFormatter(new[] { "zh-Hans-CN" }, "CN"); lblMsg.Text = percentFormatter.Format(3.1415926); lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 千分比格式化 PermilleFormatter permilleFormatter = new PermilleFormatter(); // PermilleFormatter permilleFormatter = new PermilleFormatter(new[] { "zh-Hans-CN" }, "CN"); lblMsg.Text += permilleFormatter.Format(3.1415926); lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 数字格式化 DecimalFormatter decimalFormatter = new DecimalFormatter(); // DecimalFormatter decimalFormatter = new DecimalFormatter(new[] { "zh-Hans-CN" }, "CN"); lblMsg.Text += decimalFormatter.Format(3.1415926); lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine; // 货币格式化 CurrencyFormatter currencyFormatter = new CurrencyFormatter("CNY"); // CurrencyFormatter currencyFormatter = new CurrencyFormatter("CNY", new[] { "zh-Hans-CN" }, "CN"); lblMsg.Text += currencyFormatter.Format(3.1415926); } } }
OK
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