在Oracle中，如何获取IP地址？
♣ 答案部分
若是获取服务器IP地址，则使用UTL_INADDR.GET_HOST_ADDRESS。若是获取客户端IP地址则使用SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','IP_ADDRESS')。
SYS_CONTEXT函数是Oracle提供的一个获取环境上下文信息的预定义函数。该函数用来返回一个指定NAMESPACE下的PARAMETER值。该函数可以在SQL和PL/SQL语言中使用。
1SELECT SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'ACTION') ACTION,
2 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'AUDITED_CURSORID') AUDITED_CURSORID,
3 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'AUTHENTICATED_IDENTITY') AUTHENTICATED_IDENTITY,
4 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'AUTHENTICATION_TYPE') AUTHENTICATION_TYPE,
5 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'AUTHENTICATION_DATA') AUTHENTICATION_DATA,
6 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'AUTHENTICATION_METHOD') AUTHENTICATION_METHOD,
7 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'BG_JOB_ID') BG_JOB_ID,
8 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CLIENT_IDENTIFIER') CLIENT_IDENTIFIER,
9 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CLIENT_INFO') CLIENT_INFO, --USERENV('CLIENT_INFO')
10 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CURRENT_BIND') CURRENT_BIND,
11 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CURRENT_EDITION_ID') CURRENT_EDITION_ID,
12 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CURRENT_EDITION_NAME') CURRENT_EDITION_NAME,
13 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CURRENT_SCHEMA') CURRENT_SCHEMA,
14 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CURRENT_SCHEMAID') CURRENT_SCHEMAID,
15 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CURRENT_SQL') CURRENT_SQL,
16 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CURRENT_SQLN') CURRENT_SQLN,
17 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CURRENT_SQL_LENGTH') CURRENT_SQL_LENGTH,
18 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CURRENT_USER') CURRENT_USER,
19 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CURRENT_USERID') CURRENT_USERID,
20 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'DATABASE_ROLE') DATABASE_ROLE,
21 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'DB_DOMAIN') DB_DOMAIN,
22 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'DB_NAME') DB_NAME,
23 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'DB_UNIQUE_NAME') DB_UNIQUE_NAME,
24 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'DBLINK_INFO') DBLINK_INFO,
25 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'ENTRYID') ENTRYID, --USERENV('ENTRYID')
26 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'ENTERPRISE_IDENTITY') ENTERPRISE_IDENTITY,
27 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'EXTERNAL_NAME') EXTERNAL_NAME,
28 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'FG_JOB_ID') FG_JOB_ID,
29 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'GLOBAL_CONTEXT_MEMORY') GLOBAL_CONTEXT_MEMORY,
30 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'GLOBAL_UID') GLOBAL_UID,
31 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'HOST') HOST, -- USERENV('TERMINAL')
32 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'IDENTIFICATION_TYPE') IDENTIFICATION_TYPE,
33 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'INSTANCE') INSTANCE, --USERENV('INSTANCE')
34 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'INSTANCE_NAME') INSTANCE_NAME,
35 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'IP_ADDRESS') IP_ADDRESS, --ORA_CLIENT_IP_ADDRESS
36 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'ISDBA') ISDBA, --USERENV('ISDBA')
37 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'LANG') LANG, --USERENV('LANG')
38 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'LANGUAGE') LANGUAGE, --USERENV('LANGUAGE'),
39 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'MODULE') MODULE,
40 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'NETWORK_PROTOCOL') NETWORK_PROTOCOL,
41 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'NLS_CALENDAR') NLS_CALENDAR,
42 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'NLS_CURRENCY') NLS_CURRENCY,
43 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'NLS_DATE_FORMAT') NLS_DATE_FORMAT,
44 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE') NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE,
45 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'NLS_SORT') NLS_SORT,
46 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'NLS_TERRITORY') NLS_TERRITORY,
47 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'OS_USER') OS_USER,
48 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'POLICY_INVOKER') POLICY_INVOKER,
49 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'PROXY_ENTERPRISE_IDENTITY') PROXY_ENTERPRISE_IDENTITY,
50 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'PROXY_USER') PROXY_USER,
51 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'PROXY_USERID') PROXY_USERID,
52 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SERVER_HOST') SERVER_HOST,
53 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SERVICE_NAME') SERVICE_NAME,
54 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSION_EDITION_ID') SESSION_EDITION_ID,
55 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSION_EDITION_NAME') SESSION_EDITION_NAME,
56 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSION_USER') SESSION_USER, --ORA_LOGIN_USER
57 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSION_USERID') SESSION_USERID,
58 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSIONID') SESSIONID, -- USERENV('SESSIONID') , V$SESSION.AUDSID
59 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SID') SID,
60 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'STATEMENTID') STATEMENTID,
61 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'TERMINAL') TERMINAL --USERENV('TERMINAL')
62 FROM DUAL;
USERENV函数用来返回当前的会话信息，常用的有如下信息：
1SELECT USERENV('CLIENT_INFO') CLIENT_INFO,
2 USERENV('LANGUAGE') 数据库字符集,
3 USERENV('ISDBA') 是否DBA角色,
4 USERENV('SESSIONID') 当前会话标识符,
5 USERENV('ENTRYID') 可审计的会话标识符,
6 USERENV('LANG') 会话语言名称的ISO简记,
7 USERENV('INSTANCE') 当前的实例,
8 USERENV('TERMINAL') 当前计算机名
9 FROM DUAL;