我的实验环境(之前在Centos上安装Oracle两次都出错卡死，重装了一台Oracle Linux 服务器，Oracle安装非常顺利，运行也很稳定)：
//远程登陆实验环境 [oracle@oracle1 ~]$ cat /proc/version Linux version 2.6.39-400.17.1.el6uek.x86_64 (mockbuild@ca-build44.us.oracle.com) (gcc version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Fri Feb 22 18:16:18 PST 2013[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ cat /etc/issue Oracle Linux Server release 6.4Kernel \r on an \m
首先使用 lsnrctl status 命令查看Oracle监听状态：
[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 27-DEC-2019 09:53:59 Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) TNS-12541: TNS:no listener //监听状态未启动 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00511: No listener Linux Error: 111: Connection refused Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=oem.localdomain)(PORT=1521))) TNS-12541: TNS:no listener TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00511: No listener Linux Error: 111: Connection refused [oracle@oracle1 ~]$
使用 lsnrctl start 命令启动监听：
[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 27-DEC-2019 09:56:58 Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle1/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle1)(PORT=1521))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 27-DEC-2019 09:56:59 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle1/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle1)(PORT=1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully
监听启动成功，如果是首次安装Oracle，需要修改host name 和监听IP。
接下来需要启动Oracle实例，首先以system用户身份登陆
[oracle@oracle1 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Dec 27 10:09:34 2019 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL> SQL> conn as sysdba Enter user-name: system Enter password: Connected to an idle instance.
然后以startup命令启动实例：
SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 5077495808 bytes Fixed Size 2212976 bytes Variable Size 3489663888 bytes Database Buffers 1543503872 bytes Redo Buffers 42115072 bytes Database mounted. Database opened.
如何新建Oracle 用户及授权，参考另一篇https://www.cnblogs.com/williamzou/p/12102898.html