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题目部分
在Oracle中，如何将一个数据库添加到CRS中？
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答案部分
虽然通过DBCA（DataBase Configuration Assistant，数据库配置助手）创建的数据库会自动加入CRS中，但通过RMAN创建的数据库是不会被加入CRS中的，在这种情况下就需要手动添加，将数据库加入CRS中后就可以通过srvctl来管理数据库了。
主要的命令包括：
1srvctl remove database -d lhrrac1 -f 2srvctl add db -d lhrrac1 -o /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 -c RAC -p '+DATA/lhrrac1/spfilelhrrac1.ora' -r PRIMARY 3srvctl add instance -d lhrrac1 -i lhrrac11 -n raclhr-11gR2-N1 4srvctl add instance -d lhrrac1 -i lhrrac12 -n raclhr-11gR2-N2 5crsctl start res ora.lhrrac1.db 6srvctl config db -d lhrrac1 -a 7crsctl stat res ora.lhrrac1.db -p
修改数据库的属性：
1srvctl modify database -d lhrrac1 -p '+DATA/lhrrac1/spfilelhrrac.ora' 2srvctl modify database -d lhrrac1 -s MOUNT 3srvctl modify database -d lhrrac1 -t ABORT 4srvctl modify database -d lhrrac1 -s open -t immediate
禁用数据库随CRS的启动而启动：
1crsctl modify resource ora.lhrrac1.db -attr AUTO_START=never 2crsctl stat res ora.lhrrac1.db -p | grep AUTO_START
禁止CRS管理数据库：
1srvctl disable db -d lhrrac1 2crsctl stat res ora.lhrrac1.db -p | grep ENABLE 3crsctl modify res ora.lhrrac1.db -attr "ENABLED=0"
属性AUTO_START表示Oracle Clusterware在群集服务器重启后是否自动启动资源。有效的AUTO_START值为：
l always：在服务器重新启动时重新启动资源，而不管服务器停止时资源的状态如何。
l restore：将资源恢复到服务器停止时的状态。如果在服务器停止之前TARGET的值为ONLINE，那么Oracle Clusterware会尝试重新启动资源。
l never：无论服务器何时停止，Oracle Clusterware都不会重新启动资源。
下面的例子演示了如何将一个物理DG添加到CRS中。
1[ZHLHRDB2:Oracle]:/Oracle>crsctl stat res -t
2--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
4--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5Local Resources
6--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7ora.DATA.dg
8 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
9 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2
10ora.LISTENER.lsnr
11 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
12 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2
13ora.asm
14 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1 Started
15 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2 Started
16ora.gsd
17 OFFLINE OFFLINE ZHLHRDB1
18 OFFLINE OFFLINE ZHLHRDB2
19ora.net1.network
20 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
21 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2
22ora.ons
23 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
24 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2
25ora.registry.acfs
26 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
27 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2
28--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
29Cluster Resources
30--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
31ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
32 1 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
33ora.cvu
34 1 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
35ora.oc4j
36 1 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
37ora.scan1.vip
38 1 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
39ora.ZHLHRDB1.vip
40 1 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
41ora.ZHLHRDB2.vip
42 1 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2
43[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>srvctl add database -h
44
45Adds a database configuration to the Oracle Clusterware.
46
47Usage: srvctl add database -d <db_unique_name> -o <oracle_home> [-c {RACONENODE | RAC | SINGLE} [-e <server_list>] [-i <inst_name>] [-w <timeout>]] [-m <domain_name>] [-p <spfile>] [-r {PRIMARY | PHYSICAL_STANDBY | LOGICAL_STANDBY | SNAPSHOT_STANDBY}] [-s <start_options>] [-t <stop_options>] [-n <db_name>] [-y {AUTOMATIC | MANUAL | NORESTART}] [-g "<serverpool_list>"] [-x <node_name>] [-a "<diskgroup_list>"] [-j "<acfs_path_list>"]
48 -d <db_unique_name> Unique name for the database
49 -o <oracle_home> ORACLE_HOME path
50 -c <type> Type of database: RAC One Node, RAC, or Single Instance
51 -e <server_list> Candidate server list for RAC One Node database
52 -i <inst_name> Instance name prefix for administrator-managed RAC One Node database (default first 12 characters of <db_unique_name>)
53 -w <timeout> Online relocation timeout in minutes
54 -x <node_name> Node name. -x option is specified for single-instance databases
55 -m <domain> Domain for database. Must be set if database has DB_DOMAIN set.
56 -p <spfile> Server parameter file path
57 -r <role> Role of the database (primary, physical_standby, logical_standby, snapshot_standby)
58 -s <start_options> Startup options for the database. Examples of startup options are OPEN, MOUNT, or 'READ ONLY'.
59 -t <stop_options> Stop options for the database. Examples of shutdown options are NORMAL, TRANSACTIONAL, IMMEDIATE, or ABORT.
60 -n <db_name> Database name (DB_NAME), if different from the unique name given by the -d option
61 -y <dbpolicy> Management policy for the database (AUTOMATIC, MANUAL, or NORESTART)
62 -g "<serverpool_list>" Comma separated list of database server pool names
63 -a "<diskgroup_list>" Comma separated list of disk groups
64 -j "<acfs_path_list>" Comma separated list of ACFS paths where database's dependency will be set
65 -h Print usage
66[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>echo $ORACLE_HOME
67/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
68[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>srvctl add database -d TESTDGPHY -c RAC -o /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db -p '+DATA/TESTDGPHY/PARAMETERFILE/spfiledgphy.ora' -r physical_standby -n TESTDG -i DGPHY
69[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>
70[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>srvctl add instance -d TESTDGPHY -i DGPHY1 -n ZHLHRDB1
71[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>srvctl add instance -d TESTDGPHY -i DGPHY2 -n ZHLHRDB2
72[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>srvctl status database -d TESTDGPHY
73Instance DGPHY1 is not running on node ZHLHRDB1
74Instance DGPHY2 is not running on node ZHLHRDB2
75[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>srvctl start database -d TESTDGPHY
76[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>srvctl status database -d TESTDGPHY
77Instance DGPHY1 is running on node ZHLHRDB1
78Instance DGPHY2 is running on node ZHLHRDB2
79[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>srvctl config database -d TESTDGPH Y -a
80Database unique name: TESTDGPHY
81Database name: TESTDG
82Oracle home: /Oracle/app/Oracle/product/11.2.0/db
83Oracle user: Oracle
84Spfile: +DATA/TESTDGPHY/PARAMETERFILE/spfiledgphy.ora
85Domain:
86Start options: open
87Stop options: immediate
88Database role: PHYSICAL_STANDBY
89Management policy: AUTOMATIC
90Server pools: DGPHY
91Database instances: DGPHY1,DGPHY2
92Disk Groups:
93Mount point paths:
94Services:
95Type: RAC
96Database is enabled
97Database is administrator managed
98[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>
99[ZHLHRDB2:root]:/>crsctl stat res -t
100--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
101NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
102--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
103Local Resources
104--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
105ora.DATA.dg
106 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
107 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2
108ora.LISTENER.lsnr
109 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
110 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2
111ora.asm
112 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1 Started
113 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2 Started
114ora.gsd
115 OFFLINE OFFLINE ZHLHRDB1
116 OFFLINE OFFLINE ZHLHRDB2
117ora.net1.network
118 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
119 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2
120ora.ons
121 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
122 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2
123ora.registry.acfs
124 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
125 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2
126--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
127Cluster Resources
128--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
129ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
130 1 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
131ora.cvu
132 1 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
133ora.oc4j
134 1 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
135ora.scan1.vip
136 1 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
137ora.testdgphy.db
138 1 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1 Open,Readonly
139 2 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2 Open,Readonly
140ora.ZHLHRDB1.vip
141 1 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB1
142ora.ZHLHRDB2.vip
143 1 ONLINE ONLINE ZHLHRDB2
144
可以看到物理备库testdgphy已经添加到CRS中了。
本文选自《Oracle程序员面试笔试宝典》，作者：小麦苗
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