[root@k8s-node03 ~]# ll total 9040 -rw-------. 1 root root 1259 Aug 11 18:24 anaconda-ks.cfg -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3619 Aug 15 08:24 index.html -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9246179 Aug 24 20:16 node_exporter-1.1.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz
-rw-------
第一个字段是描述文件或者目录权限的码
- ：代表文件
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4096 Sep 12 09:00 data
d ：d代表目录
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 Aug 24 22:10 ifdown-isdn -> ifdown-ippp
l： l代表链接
r 八进制值是4
w 八进制值是2
x 八进制值是1
所以 rw 6
rx 5
wx 3
rwx 7
创建共享文件
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# mkdir /shared #创建一个共享文件目录shared [root@k8s-node02 ~]# cd /shared [root@k8s-node02 shared]# ll total 0 [root@k8s-node02 shared]# cd / [root@k8s-node02 /]# ll total 16 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 39 Aug 23 08:34 app lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Aug 11 18:10 bin -> usr/bin dr-xr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Aug 31 10:55 boot drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 26 Aug 23 08:44 build drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Aug 24 23:49 data drwxr-xr-x. 19 root root 3140 Aug 11 18:19 dev drwxr-xr-x. 88 root root 8192 Aug 31 12:36 etc drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 20 Aug 31 09:12 home lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Aug 11 18:10 lib -> usr/lib lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Aug 11 18:10 lib64 -> usr/lib64 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 media drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 mnt drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 Sep 1 21:02 mysql drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 35 Aug 11 18:38 opt dr-xr-xr-x. 287 root root 0 Aug 11 18:19 proc dr-xr-x---. 5 root root 252 Aug 28 21:58 root drwxr-xr-x. 31 root root 1020 Aug 31 12:37 run lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 8 Aug 11 18:10 sbin -> usr/sbin drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Sep 12 13:59 shared #创建时候目录权限情况 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 srv dr-xr-xr-x. 13 root root 0 Aug 11 18:19 sys drwxrwxrwt. 9 root root 263 Sep 12 13:57 tmp drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 155 Aug 11 18:10 usr drwxr-xr-x. 19 root root 267 Aug 11 18:19 var [root@k8s-node02 /]# groupadd shared #创建一个共享组shared [root@k8s-node02 /]# chgrp shared shared #通过chgrp命令将目录的默认属组改为含有所有需要共享文件用户的组。 [root@k8s-node02 /]# chmod 775 shared #给与shared目录755权限 [root@k8s-node02 /]# ll total 16 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 39 Aug 23 08:34 app lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Aug 11 18:10 bin -> usr/bin dr-xr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Aug 31 10:55 boot drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 26 Aug 23 08:44 build drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Aug 24 23:49 data drwxr-xr-x. 19 root root 3140 Aug 11 18:19 dev drwxr-xr-x. 88 root root 8192 Sep 12 14:00 etc drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 20 Aug 31 09:12 home lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Aug 11 18:10 lib -> usr/lib lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Aug 11 18:10 lib64 -> usr/lib64 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 media drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 mnt drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 Sep 1 21:02 mysql drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 35 Aug 11 18:38 opt dr-xr-xr-x. 287 root root 0 Aug 11 18:19 proc dr-xr-x---. 5 root root 252 Aug 28 21:58 root drwxr-xr-x. 31 root root 1020 Aug 31 12:37 run lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 8 Aug 11 18:10 sbin -> usr/sbin drwxrwxr-x. 2 root shared 6 Sep 12 13:59 shared #看到属组已经是shared了 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 srv dr-xr-xr-x. 13 root root 0 Aug 11 18:19 sys drwxrwxrwt. 9 root root 263 Sep 12 13:57 tmp drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 155 Aug 11 18:10 usr drwxr-xr-x. 19 root root 267 Aug 11 18:19 var [root@k8s-node02 /]# chmod g+s shared #该命令会使目录中创建的新文件以目录默认属组作为默认属组 [root@k8s-node02 /]# ll total 16 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 39 Aug 23 08:34 app lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Aug 11 18:10 bin -> usr/bin dr-xr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Aug 31 10:55 boot drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 26 Aug 23 08:44 build drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Aug 24 23:49 data drwxr-xr-x. 19 root root 3140 Aug 11 18:19 dev drwxr-xr-x. 88 root root 8192 Sep 12 14:00 etc drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 20 Aug 31 09:12 home lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Aug 11 18:10 lib -> usr/lib lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 Aug 11 18:10 lib64 -> usr/lib64 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 media drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 mnt drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 18 Sep 1 21:02 mysql drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 35 Aug 11 18:38 opt dr-xr-xr-x. 287 root root 0 Aug 11 18:19 proc dr-xr-x---. 5 root root 252 Aug 28 21:58 root drwxr-xr-x. 31 root root 1020 Aug 31 12:37 run lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 8 Aug 11 18:10 sbin -> usr/sbin drwxrwsr-x. 2 root shared 6 Sep 12 13:59 shared #可以看到权限里有个s drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 srv dr-xr-xr-x. 13 root root 0 Aug 11 18:19 sys drwxrwxrwt. 9 root root 263 Sep 12 13:57 tmp drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 155 Aug 11 18:10 usr drwxr-xr-x. 19 root root 267 Aug 11 18:19 var [root@k8s-node02 /]# umask 002 该命令使目录下文件是对属组可写 [root@k8s-node02 /]# cd shared [root@k8s-node02 shared]# touch a.txt #创建一个文件，查看权限 [root@k8s-node02 shared]# ll total 0 -rw-rw-r--. 1 root shared 0 Sep 12 14:01 a.txt
再创建一个文件
[liutao@k8s-node02 shared]$ ll total 0 -rw-rw-r--. 1 root shared 0 Sep 12 14:01 a.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root shared 0 Sep 12 14:19 b.txt
可以看到属主属组一样
普通用户记得命令前面带上sudo