第 81 篇文章
这是关于 Swoole 学习的第五篇文章:Swoole 多协议 多端口 的应用。
概述
主要参考官方的这两篇文章,进行实现的 Demo。
-
网络通信协议设计:
https://wiki.swoole.com/wiki/page/484.html
-
多端口监听的使用:
https://wiki.swoole.com/wiki/page/161.html
希望通过我提供的 Demo,能够对文档有更加深刻的理解。
网络通信协议设计
为什么需要通信协议?
官方:TCP协议在底层机制上解决了UDP协议的顺序和丢包重传问题。但相比UDP又带来了新的问题,TCP协议是流式的,数据包没有边界。应用程序使用TCP通信就会面临这些难题。因为TCP通信是流式的,在接收1个大数据包时,可能会被拆分成多个数据包发送。多次Send底层也可能会合并成一次进行发送。这里就需要2个操作来解决:分包 和 合包,所以TCP网络通信时需要设定通信协议。
Swoole 支持了2种类型的自定义网络通信协议 :EOF结束符协议、固定包头+包体协议。
EOF结束符协议
先看下,未设置协议的效果:
发送的每条数据长度都是 23,但在 onReceive 接收数据的时候每次接收的长度不一样,并没有按照想象的方式进行分包。
再看下,设置了EOF结束符协议的效果:
发送的每条数据长度都是 23,在 onReceive 接收数据的时候每次接收的也是 23 ,完美。
主要设置项如下:
'package_max_length' => '8192', 'open_eof_split' => true, 'package_eof' => "\r\n"
不做解释,官方文档已经写的很清楚。
示例代码如下:
server.php
serv = new swoole_server('0.0.0.0', 9501); $this->serv->set([ 'worker_num' => 2, //开启2个worker进程 'max_request' => 4, //每个worker进程 max_request设置为4次 'dispatch_mode' => 2, //数据包分发策略 - 固定模式 //EOF结束符协议 'package_max_length' => '8192', 'open_eof_split' => true, 'package_eof' => "\r\n" ]); $this->serv->on('Start', [$this, 'onStart']); $this->serv->on('Connect', [$this, 'onConnect']); $this->serv->on("Receive", [$this, 'onReceive']); $this->serv->on("Close", [$this, 'onClose']); $this->serv->start(); } public function onStart($serv) { echo "#### onStart ####".PHP_EOL; echo "SWOOLE ".SWOOLE_VERSION . " 服务已启动".PHP_EOL; echo "swoole_cpu_num:".swoole_cpu_num().PHP_EOL; echo "master_pid: {$serv->master_pid}".PHP_EOL; echo "manager_pid: {$serv->manager_pid}".PHP_EOL; echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL; } public function onConnect($serv, $fd) { echo "#### onConnect ####".PHP_EOL; echo "客户端:".$fd." 已连接".PHP_EOL; echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL; } public function onReceive($serv, $fd, $from_id, $data) { echo "#### onReceive ####".PHP_EOL; var_dump($data); } public function onClose($serv, $fd) { echo "Client Close.".PHP_EOL; } } $server = new Server();
client.php
client = new swoole_client(SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP, SWOOLE_SOCK_ASYNC); $this->client->on('Connect', [$this, 'onConnect']); $this->client->on('Close', [$this, 'onClose']); $this->client->on('Error', [$this, 'onError']); } public function connect() { if(!$fp = $this->client->connect("127.0.0.1", 9501)) { echo "Error: {$fp->errMsg}[{$fp->errCode}]".PHP_EOL; return; } } public function onConnect() { fwrite(STDOUT, "发送测试数据(Y or N):"); swoole_event_add(STDIN, function() { $msg = trim(fgets(STDIN)); if ($msg == 'y') { $this->send(); } fwrite(STDOUT, "发送测试数据(Y or N):"); }); } public function send() { $msg_info = "客户端发信息...\r\n"; $i = 0; while ($i < 50) { var_dump($msg_info); $this->client->send($msg_info); $i++; } } public function onClose() { echo "Client close connection".PHP_EOL; } public function onError() { } } $client = new Client(); $client->connect();
固定包头+包体协议
先看下,未设置协议的效果:
很明显,在 onReceive 接收到的数据,是少的。
再看下,设置协议的效果:
主要设置项如下:
'open_length_check' => true, 'package_max_length' => '8192', 'package_length_type' => 'N', 'package_length_offset' => '0', 'package_body_offset' => '4',
不做解释,官方文档已经写的很清楚。
示例代码如下:
server.php
serv = new swoole_server('0.0.0.0', 9501); $this->serv->set([ 'worker_num' => 2, //开启2个worker进程 'max_request' => 4, //每个worker进程 max_request设置为4次 'dispatch_mode' => 2, //数据包分发策略 - 固定模式 //固定包头+包体协议 'open_length_check' => true, 'package_max_length' => '8192', 'package_length_type' => 'N', 'package_length_offset' => '0', 'package_body_offset' => '4', ]); $this->serv->on('Start', [$this, 'onStart']); $this->serv->on('Connect', [$this, 'onConnect']); $this->serv->on("Receive", [$this, 'onReceive']); $this->serv->on("Close", [$this, 'onClose']); $this->serv->start(); } public function onStart($serv) { echo "#### onStart ####".PHP_EOL; echo "swoole_cpu_num:".swoole_cpu_num().PHP_EOL; echo "SWOOLE ".SWOOLE_VERSION . " 服务已启动".PHP_EOL; echo "master_pid: {$serv->master_pid}".PHP_EOL; echo "manager_pid: {$serv->manager_pid}".PHP_EOL; echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL; } public function onConnect($serv, $fd) { echo "#### onConnect ####".PHP_EOL; echo "客户端:".$fd." 已连接".PHP_EOL; echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL; } public function onReceive($serv, $fd, $from_id, $data) { echo "#### onReceive ####".PHP_EOL; $length = unpack('N', $data)[1]; echo "Length:".$length.PHP_EOL; $msg = substr($data, -$length); echo "Msg:".$msg.PHP_EOL; } public function onClose($serv, $fd) { echo "Client Close.".PHP_EOL; } } $server = new Server();
client.php
client = new swoole_client(SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP, SWOOLE_SOCK_ASYNC); $this->client->on('Connect', [$this, 'onConnect']); $this->client->on('Close', [$this, 'onClose']); $this->client->on('Error', [$this, 'onError']); } public function connect() { if(!$fp = $this->client->connect("127.0.0.1", 9501, 1)) { echo "Error: {$fp->errMsg}[{$fp->errCode}]".PHP_EOL; return; } } public function onConnect() { fwrite(STDOUT, "发送测试数据(Y or N):"); swoole_event_add(STDIN, function() { $msg = trim(fgets(STDIN)); if ($msg == 'y') { $this->send(); } fwrite(STDOUT, "发送测试数据(Y or N):"); }); } public function send() { $msg = '客户端发的信息...'; $msg_info = pack('N', strlen($msg)).$msg; $i = 0; while ($i < 50) { var_dump($msg_info); $this->client->send($msg_info); $i++; } } public function onClose() { echo "Client close connection".PHP_EOL; } public function onError() { } } $client = new Client(); $client->connect();
多端口监听的使用
上图,是示例代码中的端口监听:
9501 onMessage 处理 WebSocket。
9501 onRequest 处理 HTTP。
9502 onReceive 处理 TCP。
9503 onPacket 处理 UDP。
不多说,看下效果图:
示例代码如下:
server.php
serv = new swoole_websocket_server("0.0.0.0", 9501); $this->serv->set([ 'worker_num' => 2, //开启2个worker进程 'max_request' => 4, //每个worker进程 max_request设置为4次 'task_worker_num' => 4, //开启4个task进程 'dispatch_mode' => 4, //数据包分发策略 - IP分配 'daemonize' => false, //守护进程(true/false) ]); $this->serv->on('Start', [$this, 'onStart']); $this->serv->on('Open', [$this, 'onOpen']); $this->serv->on("Message", [$this, 'onMessage']); $this->serv->on("Request", [$this, 'onRequest']); $this->serv->on("Close", [$this, 'onClose']); $this->serv->on("Task", [$this, 'onTask']); $this->serv->on("Finish", [$this, 'onFinish']); //监听 9502 端口 $tcp = $this->serv->listen("0.0.0.0", 9502, SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP); $tcp->set([ 'worker_num' => 2, //开启2个worker进程 'max_request' => 4, //每个worker进程 max_request设置为4次 'dispatch_mode' => 2, //数据包分发策略 - 固定模式 //固定包头+包体协议 'open_length_check' => true, 'package_max_length' => '8192', 'package_length_type' => 'N', 'package_length_offset' => '0', 'package_body_offset' => '4', ]); $tcp->on("Receive", [$this, 'onReceive']); //监听 9503 端口 $udp = $this->serv->listen("0.0.0.0", 9503, SWOOLE_SOCK_UDP); $udp->set([ 'worker_num' => 2, //开启2个worker进程 'max_request' => 4, //每个worker进程 max_request设置为4次 'dispatch_mode' => 2, //数据包分发策略 - 固定模式 ]); $udp->on("Packet", [$this, 'onPacket']); $this->serv->start(); } public function onStart($serv) { echo "#### onStart ####".PHP_EOL; echo "SWOOLE ".SWOOLE_VERSION . " 服务已启动".PHP_EOL; echo "master_pid: {$serv->master_pid}".PHP_EOL; echo "manager_pid: {$serv->manager_pid}".PHP_EOL; echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL; } public function onOpen($serv, $request) { echo "#### onOpen ####".PHP_EOL; echo "server: handshake success with fd{$request->fd}".PHP_EOL; $serv->task([ 'type' => 'login' ]); echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL; } public function onTask($serv, $task_id, $from_id, $data) { echo "#### onTask ####".PHP_EOL; echo "#{$serv->worker_id} onTask: [PID={$serv->worker_pid}]: task_id={$task_id}".PHP_EOL; $msg = ''; switch ($data['type']) { case 'login': $msg = '我来了...'; break; case 'speak': $msg = $data['msg']; break; } foreach ($serv->connections as $fd) { $connectionInfo = $serv->connection_info($fd); if (isset($connectionInfo['websocket_status']) && $connectionInfo['websocket_status'] == 3) { $serv->push($fd, $msg); //长度最大不得超过2M } } $serv->finish($data); echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL; } public function onFinish($serv,$task_id, $data) { echo "#### onFinish ####".PHP_EOL; echo "Task {$task_id} 已完成".PHP_EOL; echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL; } public function onClose($serv, $fd) { echo "#### onClose ####".PHP_EOL; echo "client {$fd} closed".PHP_EOL; echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL; } public function onMessage($serv, $frame) { echo "#### onMessage ####".PHP_EOL; echo "receive from fd{$frame->fd}:{$frame->data},opcode:{$frame->opcode},fin:{$frame->finish}".PHP_EOL; $serv->task(['type' => 'speak', 'msg' => $frame->data]); echo "########".PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL; } public function onRequest($request, $response) { echo "#### onRequest ####".PHP_EOL; $response->header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8"); $server = $request->server; $path_info = $server['path_info']; $request_uri = $server['request_uri']; echo "PATH_INFO:".$path_info.PHP_EOL; if ($path_info == '/favicon.ico' || $request_uri == '/favicon.ico') { return $response->end(); } $html = "你好 Swoole."; $response->end($html); } public function onReceive($serv, $fd, $from_id, $data) { echo "#### onReceive ####".PHP_EOL; $length = unpack('N', $data)[1]; echo "Length:".$length.PHP_EOL; $msg = substr($data, -$length); echo "Msg:".$msg.PHP_EOL; } public function onPacket($serv, $data, $clientInfo) { echo "#### onPacket ####".PHP_EOL; $serv->sendto($clientInfo['address'], $clientInfo['port'], "Server ".$data); var_dump($clientInfo); } } $server = new Server();
4 个客户端连接的代码分别是:
1、9501 onMessage 处理 WebSocket。可以参考原来文章 Swoole WebSocket 的应用 中的代码即可。
2、9501 onRequest 处理 HTTP。可以参考原来文章 Swoole HTTP 的应用 中的代码即可。
3、9502 onReceive 处理 TCP。可以参考原来文章 Swoole Task 的应用 中的代码即可。
4、9503 onPacket 处理 UDP。
示例代码:
netcat -u 10.211.55.4 9503
小结
一、多端口的应用场景是什么?
比如,开发一个直播网站,直播用一个端口,IM聊天用一个端口。
比如,开发一个RPC服务,数据通讯用一个端口,统计界面用一个端口。
推荐阅读
本文欢迎转发,转发请注明作者和出处,谢谢!