题目
题意: 给定整数n,目标数m。(0 <= n,m <= 1e5)
操作1: n–或n++
操作2:n * 2
求最少多少次操作。(可以证明一定有解)
思路: bfs。若m < n,只能通过减法得到,直接出结果。
否则bfs搜索。有可能是乘2之后减1得到结果,所以搜索范围不能局限于<=m,应该局限在1e5以内。上次atcoder也犯了类似的错误,还就内个梅开二度。
时间复杂度: O(1e5)
代码:
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#include<complex>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
#include<vector>
#include<map>
// #include<unordered_map>
#include<list>
#include<set>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#define OldTomato ios::sync_with_stdio(false),cin.tie(nullptr),cout.tie(nullptr)
#define fir(i,a,b) for(int i=a;i<=b;++i)
#define mem(a,x) memset(a,x,sizeof(a))
#define p_ priority_queue
// round() 四舍五入 ceil() 向上取整 floor() 向下取整
// lower_bound(a.begin(),a.end(),tmp,greater<ll>()) 第一个小于等于的
// #define int long long //QAQ
using namespace std;
typedef complex<double> CP;
typedef pair<int,int> PII;
typedef long long ll;
// typedef __int128 it;
const double pi = acos(-1.0);
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const ll inf = 1e18;
const int N = 1e5+10;
const int M = 1e6+10;
const int mod = 1e9+7;
const double eps = 1e-6;
inline int lowbit(int x){ return x&(-x);}
template<typename T>void write(T x)
{
if(x<0)
{
putchar('-');
x=-x;
}
if(x>9)
{
write(x/10);
}
putchar(x%10+'0');
}
template<typename T> void read(T &x)
{
x = 0;char ch = getchar();ll f = 1;
while(!isdigit(ch)){if(ch == '-')f*=-1;ch=getchar();}
while(isdigit(ch)){x = x*10+ch-48;ch=getchar();}x*=f;
}
#define int long long
int n,m,k,T;
bool vis[N];
void solve()
{
read(n); read(m);
if(m <= n)
{
write(n - m);return ;
}
queue<PII> q;
q.push(make_pair(0,n));
vis[n] = true;
while(q.size())
{
PII tmp = q.front(); q.pop();
int now = tmp.second; int cnt = tmp.first;
if(now == m) {write(cnt); return ;}
int t;
t = now - 1; if(t>=0 && t<N && !vis[t]) { vis[t] = 1; q.push(make_pair(cnt+1,t));}
t = now + 1; if(t>=0 && t<N && !vis[t]) { vis[t] = 1; q.push(make_pair(cnt+1,t));}
t = now * 2; if(t>=0 && t<N && !vis[t]) { vis[t] = 1; q.push(make_pair(cnt+1,t));}
}
}
signed main(void)
{
T = 1;
// OldTomato; cin>>T;
// read(T);
while(T--)
{
solve();
}
return 0;
}