SGI STL空间适配器freelist设计

今天重新看了《STL源代码剖析》,不禁要赞叹STL设计的经典。STL 的空间适配代码设计的尤为精辟,不仅考虑到内存碎片的隐患,而且考虑到指针空间的节俭和复用,降低维护链表(lists)带来额外的负担。我们来看看如下代码;

先看看STL的结构体,

union obj{
    union obj *free_list_link;
    char clent_data[1];  /* the client sees this */
};

obj 之所以用union,由于union之故,从其第一个字段观之,obj可被视为一个指针,指向相同形式的另一个obj。从其第二个字段观之,obj可被视为一个指针,指向实际区域。一物二用的结果是,不会为了维护链表所必须的指针而造成内存的另一种让费。

看看如下示例代码,你就发现它的设计精妙之处!

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

union obj{
    union obj *free_list_link;
    char clent_data[1];  /* the client sees this */
};

int main()
{
    obj *op1 = (obj *)malloc(32);
    strcpy(op1->clent_data,"hello free!");

    obj *op2 = (obj *)malloc(32);
    op2->free_list_link = NULL;

    obj *op3 = (obj *)malloc(32);
    strcpy(op3->clent_data,"hello free l");

    printf("----------------------------------------\r\n");

    printf("address freelist:%ld\r\n",(long)(op3->free_list_link));
    printf("address clentdata:%ld\r\n",(long)&(op3->clent_data));

    obj *op4 = (obj *)malloc(32);
    op4->free_list_link = op2;

    obj *op5 = (obj *)malloc(32);
    op5->free_list_link = op4;


    printf("----------------------------------------\r\n");
    obj *begin = op5;
    while(begin){
        printf("%ld\r\n",(long)begin);
        begin = begin->free_list_link;
    }

    /* release op3 */
    op2->free_list_link = op3;
    op3->free_list_link = NULL;

    printf("----------------------------------------\r\n");
    
    printf("address freelist:%ld\r\n",(long)(op3->free_list_link));
    printf("address clentdata:%ld\r\n",(long)&(op3->clent_data));

    printf("----------------------------------------\r\n");
    begin = op5;
    while(begin){
        printf("begin:%ld\r\n",(long)begin);
        begin = begin->free_list_link;
    }
    
    return 0;
}


输出如下:

----------------------------------------
address freelist:1819043176
address clentdata:143143000
----------------------------------------
143143080
143143040
143142960
----------------------------------------
address freelist:0
address clentdata:143143000
----------------------------------------
begin:143143080
begin:143143040
begin:143142960
begin:143143000

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