今天安装数据库（oracle10.2.0.4）的时候字符集不小心没有改动，导致界面乱码，由于是rac环境和单实例的不太一样
1、查询当前的字符集
USERENV(‘LANGUAGE‘)
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AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P1
sql> alter system set cluster_database=false scope=spfile sid=‘jscn1‘;
红色部分对于单实例的是不要加的，对于rac来说必须加上，不然会报
ORA-12720: operation requires database is in EXCLUSIVE mode
2、停止数据库（rac1和rac2都要停止）
SQL> shutdown immediate;Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
3、启动数据库（只在rac1上面操作）
SQL> startup nomount;ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1577058304 bytes
Fixed Size 2084264 bytes
Variable Size 436208216 bytes
Database Buffers 1124073472 bytes
Redo Buffers 14692352 bytes
SQL> Alter database mount exclusive;
Database altered.
SQL> Alter system enable restricted session;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
System altered.
SQL> Alter database open;
Database altered.
4、修改字符集
SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE zhs16gbk;
sql> alter system set cluster_database=true scope=spfile sid=‘jscn1‘;
5、验证（两个节点都要测）
Database altered.SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1577058304 bytes
Fixed Size 2084264 bytes
Variable Size 436208216 bytes
Database Buffers 1124073472 bytes
Redo Buffers 14692352 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select userenv(‘language‘) from dual;
USERENV(‘LANGUAGE‘)
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AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
6、启动rac2，验证rac2的字符集（废话，公用一个数据库，当然一样了）
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以下为本人原创
[oracle@ESCMDB01 ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Mar 6 16:13:51 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1.6034E+10 bytes Fixed Size 2244192 bytes Variable Size 1.0133E+10 bytes Database Buffers 5838471168 bytes Redo Buffers 60059648 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> alter system set cluster_database=false scope=spfile sid=‘dzsw1‘;
System altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> SQL> startup nomount; ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1.6034E+10 bytes Fixed Size 2244192 bytes Variable Size 1.0133E+10 bytes Database Buffers 5838471168 bytes Redo Buffers 60059648 bytes SQL> Alter database mount exclusive;
Database altered.
SQL> Alter system enable restricted session;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
System altered.
SQL> Alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE AL32UTF8;
Database altered.
SQL> alter system set cluster_database=true scope=spfile sid=‘dzsw1‘;
System altered.
SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup; ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1.6034E+10 bytes Fixed Size 2244192 bytes Variable Size 1.0133E+10 bytes Database Buffers 5838471168 bytes Redo Buffers 60059648 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> startup ORA-01081: cannot start already-running ORACLE - shut it down first SQL> select userenv(‘language‘) from dual;
USERENV(‘LANGUAGE‘) ---------------------------------------------------- AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
SQL>
SQL> shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1.6034E+10 bytes Fixed Size 2244192 bytes Variable Size 1.0167E+10 bytes Database Buffers 5804916736 bytes Redo Buffers 60059648 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1.6034E+10 bytes Fixed Size 2244192 bytes Variable Size 1.0167E+10 bytes Database Buffers 5804916736 bytes Redo Buffers 60059648 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> select userenv(‘language‘) from dual; USERENV(‘LANGUAGE‘) ---------------------------------------------------- AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8 SQL>