Oracle数据库系统中的参数(续)

二、隐藏参数

       Oracle 系统中还有一类参数称之为隐藏参数 (hidden parameters) ,是系统中使用,但 Oracle 官方没有公布的参数,这些参数可能是那些还没有成熟或者是系统开发中使用的参数。这些参数在所有 Oracle 官方提供的文档中都没有介绍,他们的命名有一个共同特征就是都以 '_' 作为参数的首字符,诸如 Oracle 8i 中的 _trace_files_public 和 _lock_sga_areas 等等。 特别声明:用到隐含参数时要谨慎。

下面的查询可以得到当前系统中的所有隐藏参数 ( 以 sys 身份登录 ) :

SQL> col ksppinm for a30
SQL> col ksppstvl for a5
SQL> col ksppdesc for a25
SQL> select ksppinm,ksppstvl,ksppdesc
  2  from x$ksppi x,x$ksppcv y
  3  where x.indx=y.indx
  4  and translate(ksppinm,'_','#') like '#%';

_ior_serialize_fault           0     inject fault in the ior s                 
                                     erialize code                             
                                                                               
_inject_startup_fault          0     inject fault in the start                 
                                     up code                                   
                                                                               
_latch_recovery_alignment      65534 align latch recovery stru                 
                                     ctures                                    
                                                                               
_spin_count                    2000  Amount to spin waiting fo                 
                                     r a latch                                 
                                                                               
_latch_miss_stat_sid           0     Sid of process for which                  
                                     to collect latch stats                    
                                                                               
_max_sleep_holding_latch       4     max time to sleep while h                 
                                     olding a latch                            
                                                                               
_max_exponential_sleep         0     max sleep during exponent                 
                                     ial backoff                               
                                                                               
_other_wait_threshold          0     threshold wait percentage                 
                                      for event wait class Oth                 
                                     er                                        
                                                                               
_other_wait_event_exclusion          exclude event names from                  
                                     _other_wait_threshold cal                 
                                     culations                                 
                                                                               
_use_vector_post               TRUE  use vector post                           
_latch_class_0                       latch class 0                             
_latch_class_1                       latch class 1                             
_latch_class_2                       latch class 2                             
_latch_class_3                       latch class 3                             
_latch_class_4                       latch class 4                             
_latch_class_5                       latch class 5                             
_latch_class_6                       latch class 6                             
_latch_class_7                       latch class 7                             
_latch_classes                       latch classes override                    
_ultrafast_latch_statistics    TRUE  maintain fast-path statis                 
                                     tics for ultrafast latche                 
                                     s                                         
                                                                               
_enable_reliable_latch_waits   TRUE  Enable reliable latch wai                 
                                     ts                                        
                                                                               
_wait_breakup_time_csecs       300   Wait breakup time (in cen                 
                                     tiseconds)                                
                                                                               
_wait_breakup_threshold_csecs  600   Wait breakup threshold (i                 
                                     n centiseconds)                           
                                                                               
_disable_wait_stack            FALSE Disable wait stack                        
_session_idle_bit_latches      0     one latch per session or                  
                                     a latch per group of sess                 
                                     ions                                      
                                                                               
_ksu_diag_kill_time            5     number of seconds ksuitm                  
                                     waits before killing diag                 
                                                                               
_ksuitm_dont_kill_dumper       FALSE delay inst. termination t                 
                                     o allow processes to dump                 
                                                                               
_disable_image_check           FALSE Disable Oracle executable                 
                                      image checking                           
                                                                               
_num_longop_child_latches      2     number of child latches f                 
                                     or long op array                          
                                                                               
_longops_enabled               TRUE  longops stats enabled                     
_test_ksusigskip               5     test the function ksusigs                 
                                     kip                                       
                                                                               
_disable_kcbhxor_osd           FALSE disable kcbh(c)xor OSD fu                 
                                     nctionality                               
                                                                               
_disable_system_state          42949 disable system state dump                 
                               67294                                           
                                                                               
_session_wait_history          10    enable session wait histo                 
                                     ry collection                             
                                                                               
_session_idle_check_interval   60    Resource Manager session                  
                                     idle limit check interval                 
                                      in seconds                               
                                                                               
_pkt_enable                    FALSE enable progressive kill t                 
                                     est                                       
                                                                               
_pkt_start                     FALSE start progressive kill te                 
                                     st instrumention                          
                                                                               
_pkt_pmon_interval             50    PMON process clean-up int                 
                                     erval (cs)                                
                                                                               
_dead_process_scan_interval    60    PMON dead process scan in                 
                                     terval                                    
                                                                               
_collapse_wait_history         FALSE collapse wait history                     
_short_stack_timeout_ms        30000 short stack timeout in ms                 
_sga_early_trace               0     sga early trace event                     
_kill_session_dump             TRUE  Process dump on kill sess                 
                                     ion immediate                             
                                                                               
_logout_storm_rate             0     number of processes that                  
                                     can logout in a second                    
                                                                               
_logout_storm_timeout          5     timeout in centi-seconds                  
                                     for time to wait between                  
                                     retries                                   
                                                                               
_logout_storm_retrycnt         600   maximum retry count for l                 
                                     ogouts                                    
                                                                               
_ksuitm_addon_trccmd                 command to execute when d                 
                                     ead processes don't go aw                 
                                     ay                                        
                                                                               
_timeout_actions_enabled       TRUE  enables or disables KSU t                 
                                     imeout actions                            
                                                                               
_idle_session_kill_enabled     TRUE  enables or disables resou                 
                                     rce manager session idle                  
                                     limit checks                              
                                                                               
_disable_vktm                  FALSE disable vktm process                      
_disable_highres_ticks         FALSE disable high-res tick counter

鉴于隐含参数有1627行,这里只列出一部分,在留言板中将列出全部。这里绝大多数对我们来说是用不到的。再次声明:对于隐含参数 我们要慎用。

三、系统当前参数

下面的脚本以英文字母顺序列出了系统当前使用的所有参数。在列出的参数中,如果参数名称前面有 # 这个符号,则表示该参数没有明确指定,采用了系统中的默认参数。一般在一个新的 Oracle 版本安装完成后,首先运行该脚本,则可以生成该版本数据库的标准 init.ora 文件。

SQL>SELECT DECODE(isdefault, 'TRUE', '# ') || DECODE(isdefault, 'TRUE', RPAD(name,43), RPAD(name,45)) || ' = ' || value

2 FROM v$parameter

3   ORDER BY name;

注意:上面的 SQL 脚本没有列出系统中的隐藏参数。

# O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY                 = FALSE                          
# active_instance_count                       =                                
# aq_tm_processes                             = 0                              
# archive_lag_target                          = 0                              
# asm_diskgroups                              =                                
# asm_diskstring                              =                                
# asm_power_limit                             = 1                              
# asm_preferred_read_failure_groups           =                                
audit_file_dest                               = F:\APP\YANG\ADMIN\ORACL\ADUMP  
# audit_sys_operations                        = FALSE                          
audit_trail                                   = DB                             
# background_core_dump                        = partial                        
# background_dump_dest                        = f:\app\yang\diag\rdbms\oracl\ora
cl\trace                                                                       
                                                                               
# backup_tape_io_slaves                       = FALSE                          
# bitmap_merge_area_size                      = 1048576                        
# blank_trimming                              = FALSE                          
# buffer_pool_keep                            =                                
# buffer_pool_recycle                         =                                
# circuits                                    =                                
# client_result_cache_lag                     = 3000                           
# client_result_cache_size                    = 0                              
# cluster_database                            = FALSE                          
# cluster_database_instances                  = 1                              
# cluster_interconnects                       =                                
# commit_logging                              =                                
# commit_point_strength                       = 1                              
# commit_wait                                 =                                
# commit_write                                =                                
compatible                                    = 11.1.0.0.0                     
# control_file_record_keep_time               = 7                              
control_files                                 = F:\APP\YANG\ORADATA\ORACL\CONTRO
L01.CTL, F:\APP\YANG\ORADATA\ORACL\CONTROL02.CTL, F:\APP\YANG\ORADATA\ORACL\CONT
ROL03.CTL                                                                      
                                                                               
# control_management_pack_access              = DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING              
# core_dump_dest                              = f:\app\yang\diag\rdbms\oracl\ora
cl\cdump                                                                       
                                                                               
# cpu_count                                   = 2                              
# create_bitmap_area_size                     = 8388608                        
# create_stored_outlines                      =                                
# cursor_sharing                              = EXACT                          
# cursor_space_for_time                       = FALSE                          
# db_16k_cache_size                           = 0                              
# db_2k_cache_size                            = 0                              
# db_32k_cache_size                           = 0                              
# db_4k_cache_size                            = 0                              
# db_8k_cache_size                            = 0                              
# db_block_buffers                            = 0                              
# db_block_checking                           = FALSE                          
# db_block_checksum                           = TYPICAL                        
db_block_size                                 = 8192                           
# db_cache_advice                             = ON                             
# db_cache_size                               = 0                              
# db_create_file_dest                         =                                
# db_create_online_log_dest_1                 =                                
# db_create_online_log_dest_2                 =                                
# db_create_online_log_dest_3                 =                                
# db_create_online_log_dest_4                 =                                
# db_create_online_log_dest_5                 =                                
db_domain                                     =                                
# db_file_multiblock_read_count               = 128                            
# db_file_name_convert                        =                                
# db_files                                    = 200                            
# db_flashback_retention_target               = 1440                           
# db_keep_cache_size                          = 0                              
# db_lost_write_protect                       = NONE                           
db_name                                       = oracl                          
db_recovery_file_dest                         = F:\app\yang\flash_recovery_area
db_recovery_file_dest_size                    = 2147483648                     
# db_recycle_cache_size                       = 0                              
# db_securefile                               = PERMITTED                      
# db_ultra_safe                               = OFF                            
# db_unique_name                              = oracl                          
# db_writer_processes                         = 1                              
# dbwr_io_slaves                              = 0                              
# ddl_lock_timeout                            = 0                              
# dg_broker_config_file1                      = F:\APP\YANG\PRODUCT\11.1.0\DB_1\
DATABASE\DR1ORACL.DAT                                                          
                                                                               
# dg_broker_config_file2                      = F:\APP\YANG\PRODUCT\11.1.0\DB_1\
DATABASE\DR2ORACL.DAT                                                          
                                                                               
# dg_broker_start                             = FALSE                          
diagnostic_dest                               = F:\APP\YANG                    
# disk_asynch_io                              = TRUE                           
dispatchers                                   = (PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=oraclXDB
)                                                                              
                                                                               
# distributed_lock_timeout                    = 60                             
# dml_locks                                   = 748                            
# drs_start                                   = FALSE                          
# enable_ddl_logging                          = FALSE                          
# event                                       =                                
# fal_client                                  =                                
# fal_server                                  =                                
# fast_start_io_target                        = 0                              
# fast_start_mttr_target                      = 0                              
# fast_start_parallel_rollback                = LOW                            
# file_mapping                                = FALSE                          
# fileio_network_adapters                     =                                
# filesystemio_options                        =                                
# fixed_date                                  =                                
# gc_files_to_locks                           =                                
# gcs_server_processes                        = 0                              
# global_context_pool_size                    =                                
# global_names                                = FALSE                          
# global_txn_processes                        = 1                              
# hash_area_size                              = 131072                         
# hi_shared_memory_address                    = 0                              
# hs_autoregister                             = TRUE                           
# ifile                                       =                                
# instance_groups                             =                                
# instance_name                               = oracl                          
# instance_number                             = 0                              
# instance_type                               = RDBMS                          
# java_jit_enabled                            = TRUE                           
# java_max_sessionspace_size                  = 0                              
# java_pool_size                              = 0                              
# java_soft_sessionspace_limit                = 0                              
# job_queue_processes                         = 1000                           
# large_pool_size                             = 0                              
# ldap_directory_access                       = NONE                           
# ldap_directory_sysauth                      = no                             
# license_max_sessions                        = 0                              
# license_max_users                           = 0                              
# license_sessions_warning                    = 0                              
# local_listener                              =                                
# lock_name_space                             =                                
# lock_sga                                    = FALSE                          
# log_archive_config                          =                                
# log_archive_dest                            =                                
log_archive_dest_1                            = location=f:\app\yang\archive1  
# log_archive_dest_10                         =                                
log_archive_dest_2                            = location=f:\app\yang\archive2  
# log_archive_dest_3                          =                                
# log_archive_dest_4                          =                                
# log_archive_dest_5                          =                                
# log_archive_dest_6                          =                                
# log_archive_dest_7                          =                                
# log_archive_dest_8                          =                                
# log_archive_dest_9                          =                                
log_archive_dest_state_1                      = ENABLE                         
# log_archive_dest_state_10                   = enable                         
# log_archive_dest_state_2                    = enable                         
# log_archive_dest_state_3                    = enable                         
# log_archive_dest_state_4                    = enable                         
# log_archive_dest_state_5                    = enable                         
# log_archive_dest_state_6                    = enable                         
# log_archive_dest_state_7                    = enable                         
# log_archive_dest_state_8                    = enable                         
# log_archive_dest_state_9                    = enable                         
# log_archive_duplex_dest                     =                                
log_archive_format                            = %s_%t_%r.log                   
# log_archive_local_first                     = TRUE                           
log_archive_max_processes                     = 5                              
log_archive_min_succeed_dest                  = 2                              
log_archive_start                             = TRUE                           
# log_archive_trace                           = 0                              
# log_buffer                                  = 5653504                        
# log_checkpoint_interval                     = 0                              
# log_checkpoint_timeout                      = 1800                           
# log_checkpoints_to_alert                    = FALSE                          
# log_file_name_convert                       =                                
# max_commit_propagation_delay                = 0                              
# max_dispatchers                             =                                
# max_dump_file_size                          = unlimited                      
# max_enabled_roles                           = 150                            
# max_shared_servers                          =                                
# memory_max_target                           = 859832320                      
memory_target                                 = 859832320                      
# nls_calendar                                =                                
# nls_comp                                    = BINARY                         
# nls_currency                                =                                
# nls_date_format                             =                                
# nls_date_language                           =                                
# nls_dual_currency                           =                                
# nls_iso_currency                            =                                
# nls_language                                = AMERICAN                       
# nls_length_semantics                        = BYTE                           
# nls_nchar_conv_excp                         = FALSE                          
# nls_numeric_characters                      =                                
# nls_sort                                    =                                
# nls_territory                               = AMERICA                        
# nls_time_format                             =                                
# nls_time_tz_format                          =                                
# nls_timestamp_format                        =                                
# nls_timestamp_tz_format                     =                                
# object_cache_max_size_percent               = 10                             
# object_cache_optimal_size                   = 102400                         
# olap_page_pool_size                         = 0                              
open_cursors                                  = 300                            
# open_links                                  = 4                              
# open_links_per_instance                     = 4                              
# optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines        = FALSE                          
# optimizer_dynamic_sampling                  = 2                              
# optimizer_features_enable                   = 11.1.0.6                       
# optimizer_index_caching                     = 0                              
# optimizer_index_cost_adj                    = 100                            
# optimizer_mode                              = ALL_ROWS                       
# optimizer_secure_view_merging               = TRUE                           
# optimizer_use_invisible_indexes             = FALSE                          
# optimizer_use_pending_statistics            = FALSE                          
# optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines            = TRUE                           
# os_authent_prefix                           = OPS$                           
# os_roles                                    = FALSE                          
# parallel_adaptive_multi_user                = TRUE                           
# parallel_automatic_tuning                   = FALSE                          
# parallel_execution_message_size             = 2148                           
# parallel_instance_group                     =                                
# parallel_io_cap_enabled                     = FALSE                          
# parallel_max_servers                        = 20                             
# parallel_min_percent                        = 0                              
# parallel_min_servers                        = 0                              
# parallel_server                             = FALSE                          
# parallel_server_instances                   = 1                              
# parallel_threads_per_cpu                    = 2                              
# pga_aggregate_target                        = 0                              
# plscope_settings                            = IDENTIFIERS:NONE               
# plsql_ccflags                               =                                
# plsql_code_type                             = INTERPRETED                    
# plsql_debug                                 = FALSE                          
# plsql_native_library_dir                    =                                
# plsql_native_library_subdir_count           = 0                              
# plsql_optimize_level                        = 2                              
# plsql_v2_compatibility                      = FALSE                          
# plsql_warnings                              = DISABLE:ALL                    
# pre_page_sga                                = FALSE                          
processes                                     = 150                            
# query_rewrite_enabled                       = TRUE                           
# query_rewrite_integrity                     = enforced                       
# rdbms_server_dn                             =                                
# read_only_open_delayed                      = FALSE                          
# recovery_parallelism                        = 0                              
# recyclebin                                  = on                             
# redo_transport_user                         =                                
# remote_dependencies_mode                    = TIMESTAMP                      
# remote_listener                             =                                
remote_login_passwordfile                     = EXCLUSIVE                      
# remote_os_authent                           = FALSE                          
# remote_os_roles                             = FALSE                          
# replication_dependency_tracking             = TRUE                           
# resource_limit                              = FALSE                          
# resource_manager_cpu_allocation             = 2                              
# resource_manager_plan                       = SCHEDULER[0x2C0E]:DEFAULT_MAINTE
NANCE_PLAN                                                                     
                                                                               
# result_cache_max_result                     = 5                              
# result_cache_max_size                       = 1245184                        
# result_cache_mode                           = MANUAL                         
# result_cache_remote_expiration              = 0                              
# resumable_timeout                           = 0                              
# rollback_segments                           =                                
# sec_case_sensitive_logon                    = TRUE                           
# sec_max_failed_login_attempts               = 10                             
# sec_protocol_error_further_action           = CONTINUE                       
# sec_protocol_error_trace_action             = TRACE                          
# sec_return_server_release_banner            = FALSE                          
# serial_reuse                                = disable                        
# service_names                               = oracl                          
# session_cached_cursors                      = 50                             
# session_max_open_files                      = 10                             
# sessions                                    = 170                            
# sga_max_size                                = 536870912                      
# sga_target                                  = 0                              
# shadow_core_dump                            = none                           
# shared_memory_address                       = 0                              
# shared_pool_reserved_size                   = 6081740                        
shared_pool_size                              = 121634816                      
# shared_server_sessions                      =                                
# shared_servers                              = 1                              
# skip_unusable_indexes                       = TRUE                           
# smtp_out_server                             =                                
# sort_area_retained_size                     = 0                              
# sort_area_size                              = 65536                          
# spfile                                      = F:\APP\YANG\PRODUCT\11.1.0\DB_1\
DATABASE\SPFILEORACL.ORA                                                       
                                                                               
# sql92_security                              = FALSE                          
# sql_trace                                   = FALSE                          
# sql_version                                 = NATIVE                         
# sqltune_category                            = DEFAULT                        
# standby_archive_dest                        = %ORACLE_HOME%\RDBMS            
# standby_file_management                     = MANUAL                         
# star_transformation_enabled                 = FALSE                          
# statistics_level                            = TYPICAL                        
# streams_pool_size                           = 0                              
# tape_asynch_io                              = TRUE                           
# thread                                      = 0                              
# timed_os_statistics                         = 0                              
# timed_statistics                            = TRUE                           
# trace_enabled                               = TRUE                           
# tracefile_identifier                        =                                
# transactions                                = 187                            
# transactions_per_rollback_segment           = 5                              
# undo_management                             = AUTO                           
undo_retention                                = 900                            
undo_tablespace                               = UNDOTBS1                       
# use_indirect_data_buffers                   = FALSE                          
# user_dump_dest                              = f:\app\yang\diag\rdbms\oracl\ora
cl\trace                                                                       
                                                                               
# utl_file_dir                                =                                
# workarea_size_policy                        = AUTO                           
# xml_db_events                               = enable                         

已选择288行。 

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