Spring MVC 之输入验证（六）

2022-04-05 03:35:26

Spring MVC 验证主要还是用的是hibernate的验证。so需要添加以下的jar包：

1、 hibernate-validator-5.2.2.Final.jar

2、hibernate-validator-annotation-processor-5.2.2.Final.jar (这个可以不用)

3、 log4j.jar

4 、slf4j-api-1.5.6.jar

5、 slf4j-log4j12-1.5.6.jar

6 、validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar

以登录验证为例：

在实体属性上配置注解；

package com.cy.springannotation.entity;


import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Pattern;

import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Length;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;

/**
 * 定义一个表单实体类
 * @author acer
 *
 */
public class UserBean {
    //要求属性名必须要和表单的参数名一样的!

    @NotEmpty(message="用户名不能为空！")
    @Pattern(regexp="\\w{6,20}",message="用户名6-20位")
    private String username;
    
    @NotEmpty(message="密码不能为空")
    @Length(max=20,min=6,message="密码不能小于6位")
    private String password;
    
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    

}

JSP页面上通过spring标记来获取错误信息：

 1 <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>
 2 <%
 3 String path = request.getContextPath();
 4 String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
 5 %>
 6 <!-- srpingmvc 验证需要使用到spring表单标签 -->
 7 <%@ taglib prefix="springform" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
 8 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
 9 <html>
10   <head>
11     <base href="<%=basePath%>">
12     
13     <title>验证页面</title>
14     
15     <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
16     <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
17     <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
18     <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
19     <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
20     <!--
21     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
22     -->
23 
24   </head>
25   
26   <body>
27   
28    <!-- commandName用于指定活动的Bean对象，即我可以在页面上，获取对象属性所对应的错误信息，值是对象名称的首字母小写，同modelAttribute一样的意思（modelAttribute="contentModel"） -->
29   <!--  <springform:form method="post" action="login.do" commandName="userBean"> -->
30    <springform:form method="post" action="login.do" modelAttribute="user">
31  
32     <table>
33        <tr>
34            <td>用户名：</td>
35            <td><input type="text" name="username"/><springform:errors delimiter="," path="username"></springform:errors></td>
36        </tr>
37         <tr>
38            <td>密码</td>
39            <td><input type="text" name="password"/><springform:errors delimiter="," path="password"></springform:errors></td>
40        </tr> 
41        <tr>
42            <td colspan="2"> <input type="submit" value="提交"/> </td>
43        </tr>
44     </table>
45 </springform:form>
46   </body>
47 </html>

delimiter：如果一个属性有多个错误，错误信息的分隔符。默认是换行.

path:验证失败的属性名.

控制器：

 1 @RequestMapping(value="/login.do")
 2     //@Valid 通过该注解告知该方法，我的哪个实体Bean需要验证
 3     //BindingResult 为固定参数，用于接收验证结果
 4     
 5     public String login(@ModelAttribute("user") @Valid UserBean user,BindingResult br) {
 6         if(br.hasErrors()){
 7             //验证未通过则
 8             return "validate1";
 9         }
10         log.info(user.getUsername());
11         log.info(user.getPassword());
12         
13         return "index";
14     }

如果界面上使用了spring标签，那么需要预先启动Spring容器，所以在web.xml中增加配置：

 1 <!-- 启动spring容器，用于支持springmvc validate -->
 2   <context-param>
 3     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
 4     <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/springAnnotation-servlet.xml</param-value>
 5 </context-param>
 6 
 7 <!-- 配置在context-param里面文件内的内容，需要通过 ContextLoaderListener添加到上下文里面去-->
 8   <listener>
 9     <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
10   </listener>

到springAnnotation-servlet.xml文件中配置：

1 <!-- 开启注解这里需要添加个validator-->
2 <!--开启注解  -->    
3 <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="tc" validator="validator" />
4 
5 <!-- 验证配置，告知srpingmvc，我使用的是Hibernate验证框架来完成的验证 -->
6     <bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean">
7         <property name="providerClass" value="org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator" />
8     </bean>

显示测试：

进入登录页面

直接点击提交：

下面是主要的验证注解及说明：

注解	适用的数据类型	说明
@AssertFalse	Boolean, boolean	验证注解的元素值是false
@AssertTrue	Boolean, boolean	验证注解的元素值是true
@DecimalMax（value=x）	BigDecimal, BigInteger, String, byte,short, int, long and the respective wrappers of the primitive types. Additionally supported by HV: any sub-type of Number andCharSequence.	验证注解的元素值小于等于@ DecimalMax指定的value值
@DecimalMin（value=x）	BigDecimal, BigInteger, String, byte,short, int, long and the respective wrappers of the primitive types. Additionally supported by HV: any sub-type of Number andCharSequence.	验证注解的元素值小于等于@ DecimalMin指定的value值
@Digits(integer=整数位数, fraction=小数位数)	BigDecimal, BigInteger, String, byte,short, int, long and the respective wrappers of the primitive types. Additionally supported by HV: any sub-type of Number andCharSequence.	验证注解的元素值的整数位数和小数位数上限
@Future	java.util.Date, java.util.Calendar; Additionally supported by HV, if theJoda Time date/time API is on the class path: any implementations ofReadablePartial andReadableInstant.	验证注解的元素值（日期类型）比当前时间晚
@Max（value=x）	BigDecimal, BigInteger, byte, short,int, long and the respective wrappers of the primitive types. Additionally supported by HV: any sub-type ofCharSequence (the numeric value represented by the character sequence is evaluated), any sub-type of Number.	验证注解的元素值小于等于@Max指定的value值
@Min（value=x）	BigDecimal, BigInteger, byte, short,int, long and the respective wrappers of the primitive types. Additionally supported by HV: any sub-type of CharSequence (the numeric value represented by the char sequence is evaluated), any sub-type of Number.	验证注解的元素值大于等于@Min指定的value值
@NotNull	Any type	验证注解的元素值不是null
@Null	Any type	验证注解的元素值是null
@Past	java.util.Date, java.util.Calendar; Additionally supported by HV, if theJoda Time date/time API is on the class path: any implementations ofReadablePartial andReadableInstant.	验证注解的元素值（日期类型）比当前时间早
@Pattern(regex=正则表达式, flag=)	String. Additionally supported by HV: any sub-type of CharSequence.	验证注解的元素值与指定的正则表达式匹配
@Size(min=最小值, max=最大值)	String, Collection, Map and arrays. Additionally supported by HV: any sub-type of CharSequence.	验证注解的元素值的在min和max（包含）指定区间之内，如字符长度、集合大小
@Valid	Any non-primitive type（引用类型）	验证关联的对象，如账户对象里有一个订单对象，指定验证订单对象
@NotEmpty	`CharSequence`,`Collection`, `Map and Arrays`	验证注解的元素值不为null且不为空（字符串长度不为0、集合大小不为0）
@Range(min=最小值, max=最大值)	`CharSequence, Collection, Map and Arrays,BigDecimal, BigInteger, CharSequence, byte, short, int, long and the respective wrappers of the primitive types`	验证注解的元素值在最小值和最大值之间
@NotBlank	`CharSequence`	验证注解的元素值不为空（不为null、去除首位空格后长度为0），不同于@NotEmpty，@NotBlank只应用于字符串且在比较时会去除字符串的空格
@Length(min=下限, max=上限)	`CharSequence`	验证注解的元素值长度在min和max区间内
@Email	`CharSequence`	验证注解的元素值是Email，也可以通过正则表达式和flag指定自定义的email格式

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