在工作之余花了两个星期看完了《Java NIO》。整体来说这本书把NIO写的非常具体，没有过多的废话，讲的都是重点，仅仅是翻译的中文版看的确实吃力。英文水平太低也没办法，总算也坚持看完了。《Java NIO》这本书的重点在于第四章解说的“选择器”，要理解透还是要重复琢磨推敲。愚钝的我花了大概3天的时间才将NIO的选择器机制理解透并能较熟练的运用。于是便写了这个聊天室程序。
以下直接上代码。jdk1.5以上经过測试，能够支持多人同一时候在线聊天；
将下面代码拷贝到项目中便可执行。源代码下载地址：聊天室源代码
一、server端
package com.chat.server;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Vector;
/**
* 聊天室:服务端
* @author zing
*
*/
public class ChatServer implements Runnable {
//选择器
private Selector selector;
//注冊ServerSocketChannel后的选择键
private SelectionKey serverKey;
//标识是否执行
private boolean isRun;
//当前聊天室中的username称列表
private Vector<String> unames;
//时间格式化器
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
/**
* 构造函数
* @param port 服务端监控的端口号
*/
public ChatServer(int port) {
isRun = true;
unames = new Vector<String>();
init(port);
}
/**
* 初始化选择器和服务器套接字
*
* @param port 服务端监控的端口号
*/
private void init(int port) {
try {
//获得选择器实例
selector = Selector.open();
//获得服务器套接字实例
ServerSocketChannel serverChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
//绑定端口号
serverChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(port));
//设置为非堵塞
serverChannel.configureBlocking(false);
//将ServerSocketChannel注冊到选择器，指定其行为为"等待接受连接"
serverKey = serverChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
printInfo("server starting...");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//轮询选择器选择键
while (isRun) {
//选择一组已准备进行IO操作的通道的key，等于1时表示有这种key
int n = selector.select();
if (n > 0) {
//从选择器上获取已选择的key的集合并进行迭代
Iterator<SelectionKey> iter = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
SelectionKey key = iter.next();
//若此key的通道是等待接受新的套接字连接
if (key.isAcceptable()) {
//记住一定要remove这个key，否则之后的新连接将被堵塞无法连接服务器
iter.remove();
//获取key相应的通道
ServerSocketChannel serverChannel = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel();
//接受新的连接返回和client对等的套接字通道
SocketChannel channel = serverChannel.accept();
if (channel == null) {
continue;
}
//设置为非堵塞
channel.configureBlocking(false);
//将这个套接字通道注冊到选择器，指定其行为为"读"
channel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
}
//若此key的通道的行为是"读"
if (key.isReadable()) {
readMsg(key);
}
//若次key的通道的行为是"写"
if (key.isWritable()) {
writeMsg(key);
}
}
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 从key相应的套接字通道上读数据
* @param key 选择键
* @throws IOException
*/
private void readMsg(SelectionKey key) throws IOException {
//获取此key相应的套接字通道
SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
//创建一个大小为1024k的缓存区
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
//将通道的数据读到缓存区
int count = channel.read(buffer);
if (count > 0) {
//翻转缓存区(将缓存区由写进数据模式变成读出数据模式)
buffer.flip();
//将缓存区的数据转成String
sb.append(new String(buffer.array(), 0, count));
}
String str = sb.toString();
//若消息中有"open_"，表示client准备进入聊天界面
//client传过来的数据格式是"open_zing"，表示名称为zing的用户请求打开聊天窗口
//username称列表有更新，则应将username称数据写给每个已连接的client
if (str.indexOf("open_") != -1) {//client连接服务器
String name = str.substring(5);
printInfo(name + " online");
unames.add(name);
//获取选择器已选择的key并迭代
Iterator<SelectionKey> iter = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
SelectionKey selKey = iter.next();
//若不是服务器套接字通道的key，则将数据设置到此key中
//并更新此key感兴趣的动作
if (selKey != serverKey) {
selKey.attach(unames);
selKey.interestOps(selKey.interestOps() | SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
}
}
} else if (str.indexOf("exit_") != -1) {// client发送退出命令
String uname = str.substring(5);
//删除此username称
unames.remove(uname);
//将"close"字符串附加到key
key.attach("close");
//更新此key感兴趣的动作
key.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
//获取选择器上的已选择的key并迭代
//将更新后的名称列表数据附加到每个套接字通道key上,并重设key感兴趣的操作
Iterator<SelectionKey> iter = key.selector().selectedKeys().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
SelectionKey selKey = iter.next();
if (selKey != serverKey && selKey != key) {
selKey.attach(unames);
selKey.interestOps(selKey.interestOps() | SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
}
}
printInfo(uname + " offline");
} else {// 读取client聊天消息
String uname = str.substring(0, str.indexOf("^"));
String msg = str.substring(str.indexOf("^") + 1);
printInfo("("+uname+")说：" + msg);
String dateTime = sdf.format(new Date());
String smsg = uname + " " + dateTime + "\n " + msg + "\n";
Iterator<SelectionKey> iter = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
SelectionKey selKey = iter.next();
if (selKey != serverKey) {
selKey.attach(smsg);
selKey.interestOps(selKey.interestOps() | SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
}
}
}
}
/**
* 写数据到key相应的套接字通道
* @param key
* @throws IOException
*/
private void writeMsg(SelectionKey key) throws IOException {
SocketChannel channel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
Object obj = key.attachment();
//这里必要要将key的附加数据设置为空。否则会有问题
key.attach("");
//附加值为"close"，则取消此key，并关闭相应通道
if (obj.toString().equals("close")) {
key.cancel();
channel.socket().close();
channel.close();
return;
}else {
//将数据写到通道
channel.write(ByteBuffer.wrap(obj.toString().getBytes()));
}
//重设此key兴趣
key.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_READ);
}
private void printInfo(String str) {
System.out.println("[" + sdf.format(new Date()) + "] -> " + str);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ChatServer server = new ChatServer(19999);
new Thread(server).start();
}
}
二、client
1、服务类。用于与服务端交互
package com.chat.client;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
public class ClientService {
private static final String HOST = "127.0.0.1";
private static final int PORT = 19999;
private static SocketChannel sc;
private static Object lock = new Object();
private static ClientService service;
public static ClientService getInstance(){
synchronized (lock) {
if(service == null){
try {
service = new ClientService();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return service;
}
}
private ClientService() throws IOException {
sc = SocketChannel.open();
sc.configureBlocking(false);
sc.connect(new InetSocketAddress(HOST, PORT));
}
public void sendMsg(String msg) {
try {
while (!sc.finishConnect()) {
}
sc.write(ByteBuffer.wrap(msg.getBytes()));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public String receiveMsg() {
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
buffer.clear();
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
int count = 0;
String msg = null;
try {
while ((count = sc.read(buffer)) > 0) {
sb.append(new String(buffer.array(), 0, count));
}
if (sb.length() > 0) {
msg = sb.toString();
if ("close".equals(sb.toString())) {
msg = null;
sc.close();
sc.socket().close();
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return msg;
}
}
2、登陆窗口，用户设置名称
package com.chat.client;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
/**
* 设置名称窗口
*
* @author zing
*
*/
public class SetNameFrame extends JFrame {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private static JTextField txtName;// 文本框
private static JButton btnOK;// okbutton
private static JLabel label;// 标签
public SetNameFrame() {
this.setLayout(null);
Toolkit kit = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
int w = kit.getScreenSize().width;
int h = kit.getScreenSize().height;
this.setBounds(w / 2 - 230 / 2, h / 2 - 200 / 2, 230, 200);
this.setTitle("设置名称");
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setResizable(false);
txtName = new JTextField(4);
this.add(txtName);
txtName.setBounds(10, 10, 100, 25);
btnOK = new JButton("OK");
this.add(btnOK);
btnOK.setBounds(120, 10, 80, 25);
label = new JLabel("[w:" + w + ",h:" + h + "]");
this.add(label);
label.setBounds(10, 40, 200, 100);
label.setText("<html>在上面的文本框中输入名字<br/>显示器宽度：" + w + "<br/>显示器高度：" + h
+ "</html>");
btnOK.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String uname = txtName.getText();
ClientService service = ClientService.getInstance();
ChatFrame chatFrame = new ChatFrame(service, uname);
chatFrame.show();
setVisible(false);
}
});
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SetNameFrame setNameFrame = new SetNameFrame();
setNameFrame.setVisible(true);
}
}
3、聊天室窗口
}
本文转自mfrbuaa博客园博客，原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/mfrbuaa/p/5124066.html，如需转载请自行联系原作者