Linux Ubuntu20.04下安装MySQL

环境信息：
OS：Ubuntu 20.04
MySQL server

1.安装MySQL

#命令1
sudo apt-get update
#命令2
sudo apt-get install mysql-server

2.配置MySQL

#1
VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords...
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: N (我的选项)

#2
Please set the password for root here...
New password: (输入密码)
Re-enter new password: (重复输入)

#3
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them...
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y (我的选项)

#4
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network...
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N (我的选项)

#5
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access...
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y (我的选项)

#6
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y (我的选项)

2.2 检查mysql服务状态

安装完成之后可以使用如下命令来检查是否安装成功：

systemctl status mysql.service

或

ps -ef | grep mysql

通过上述命令检查之后，如果看到有 mysql 的socket处于 LISTEN 状态则表示安装成功。

sudo mysql -uroot -pmysql

使用navicat for mysql 连接 MySQL

# %为所有主机都可以连接
mysql> create user 'root'@'%' identified by  'mysql';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
 
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

更改加密方式，不然会报错

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;

相关报错问题：mysql版本问题

查询mysql具体版本

SELECT @@VERSION

分别执行下面三条语句：

#1.创建账户
create user 'root'@'192.168.1.176' identified by  'mysql';

#2.赋予权限，with grant option这个选项表示该用户可以将自己拥有的权限授权给别人
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.1.176' with grant option;

#3.改密码&授权超用户，flush privileges 命令本质上的作用是将当前user和privilige表中的用户信息/权限设置从mysql库(MySQL数据库的内置库)中提取到内存里
flush privileges;

# %为所有主机都可以连接
mysql> create user 'root'@'%' identified by  'mysql';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
 
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

navicat for mysql :1251-Client does not support authentication protocol requested by server

错误原因

使用MySQL客户端Navicat连接数据库MySQL8.0，MySQL8.0 之前的版本中加密规则是mysql_native_password，而MySQL8.0，加密规则是caching_sha2_password

更改加密方式：

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;