一、回调函数
优点:简单,方便,易用
缺点:易造成回调函数地狱,回调函数中嵌套多个回调函数,因为多个异步操作造成强耦合,代码乱做一团,无法管理。
var
xhr1 =
new
XMLHttpRequest();
xhr1.open(
‘GET‘
,
‘https://www.apiopen.top/weatherApi?city=广州‘
);
xhr1.send();
xhr1.onreadystatechange =
function
() {
if
(
this
.readyState !== 4)
return
;
if
(
this
.status === 200) {
data1 = JSON.parse(
this
.response);
var
xhr2 =
new
XMLHttpRequest();
xhr2.open(
‘GET‘
,
‘https://www.apiopen.top/weatherApi?city=番禺‘
);
xhr2.send();
xhr2.onreadystatechange =
function
() {
if
(
this
.readyState !== 4)
return
;
if
(
this
.status === 200) {
data2 = JSON.parse(
this
.response);
console.log(data1, data2);
}
}
}
};
二、事件监听
优点:与回调函数相比,事件监听实现了代码的解耦,方便代码管理
缺点:使用不方便,每次都要手动地绑定和触发事件
var
events=
new
Events();
events.addEvent(
‘done‘
,
function
(data1){
var
xhr=
new
XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open(
‘GET‘
,
‘请求地址‘
) ;
xhr.send();
xhr.onreadystatechange=
function
(){
if
(
this
.readyState!==4)
return
;
if
(
this
.status===200){
data1=JSON.parse(data1);
var
data2=JSON.parse(
this
.response);
console.log(data1,data2);
}
}
})
var
xhr=
new
XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open(
‘GET‘
,
‘请求地址‘’);
xhr.send();
xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){
if(this.readyState!==4){
return;
}
if(this.status===200){
events.fireEvent(‘
done,
this
.response)
}
}
三、Promise
优点:将回调函数嵌套调用变成了链式调用,逻辑更强,执行顺序更清楚
缺点:代码冗余,异步操作都被包裹在Promise构造函数和then方法中,主题代码不明显,语义不清楚
new
Promise(
function
(resolve, reject) {
const xhr =
new
XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open(
‘GET‘
,
‘https://www.apiopen.top/weatherApi?city=广州‘
);
xhr.send();
xhr.onreadystatechange =
function
() {
if
(
this
.readyState !== 4)
return
;
if
(
this
.status === 200)
return
resolve(
this
.response);
reject(
this
.statusText);
};
}).then(
function
(value) {
const xhr =
new
XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open(
‘GET‘
,
‘https://www.apiopen.top/weatherApi?city=番禺‘
);
xhr.send();
xhr.onreadystatechange =
function
() {
if
(
this
.readyState !== 4)
return
;
if
(
this
.status === 200) {
const data1 = JSON.parse(value);
const data2 = JSON.parse(
this
.response);
console.log(data1, data2);
}
};
});
四、async/await
async函数是generrator函数的语法糖,它相当于一个自带执行器的generator函数
async函数中的await接收一个Promise对象
优点:最简洁,最符合语义,最接近同步代码,最适合处理多个Promise异步操作
缺点:js语言自带的async执行器功能性可能没有co模块等执行器强
async
function
azc() {
const data1 = await getJSON_PM(
‘https://www.apiopen.top/weatherApi?city=广州‘
);
const data2 = await getJSON_PM(
‘https://www.apiopen.top/weatherApi?city=番禺‘
);
console.log(data1, data2);
}
azc();
function
getJSON_PM(url) {
return
new
Promise((resolve, rejext) => {
const xhr =
new
XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open(
‘GET‘
, url);
xhr.responseType =
"json"
;
xhr.setRequestHeader(
"Accept"
,
"application/json"
);
xhr.send();
xhr.onreadystatechange =
function
() {
if
(
this
.readyState !== 4)
return
;
if
(
this
.status === 200)
return
resolve(
this
.response);
reject(
new
Error(
this
.statusText));
};
});
}