事件处理器:
Redis采用Reactor模式作为自己的网络事件处理器,可以看作是单线程单Reactor模型。
一、主要结构体:
1、事件:
/* File event structure */
typedef struct aeFileEvent {
/* 事件类型:可读or可写 */
int mask; /* one of AE_(READABLE|WRITABLE) */
aeFileProc *rfileProc;
aeFileProc *wfileProc;
void *clientData;
} aeFileEvent;
/* Time event structure */
typedef struct aeTimeEvent {
long long id; /* time event identifier. */
long when_sec; /* seconds */
long when_ms; /* milliseconds */
aeTimeProc *timeProc;
aeEventFinalizerProc *finalizerProc;
void *clientData;
struct aeTimeEvent *next;
} aeTimeEvent;
/* A fired event */
typedef struct aeFiredEvent {
int fd;
int mask;
} aeFiredEvent;
-
Redis的事件分为文件事件与时间事件;
-
L5:文件事件处理函数,一个函数指针:
typedef void aeFileProc(struct aeEventLoop *eventLoop, int fd, void *clientData, int mask);
-
L15:时间事件处理函数,函数指针:
typedef int aeTimeProc(struct aeEventLoop *eventLoop, long long id, void *clientData);
2、 事件循环:
typedef struct aeEventLoop {
int maxfd; /* highest file descriptor currently registered */
int setsize; /* max number of file descriptors tracked */
long long timeEventNextId;
time_t lastTime; /* Used to detect system clock skew */
/* 用户层保存的events,不是poller系统调用的events,注意区别 */
aeFileEvent *events; /* Registered events */
aeFiredEvent *fired; /* Fired events */
/* 时间事件列表 */
aeTimeEvent *timeEventHead;
int stop;
void *apidata; /* This is used for polling API specific data */
aeBeforeSleepProc *beforesleep;
} aeEventLoop;
- L4:Redis自己实现定时器;
- L8:注意区别;
- L11:时间事件被放置在一个无序列表中,由于当前版本(Redis3.0)下Redis服务器只有serverCron一个时间事件,所以这个列表实际上退化为指针,无序也不影响性能;
二、创建及初始化:
1、创建事件循环:
aeEventLoop *aeCreateEventLoop(int setsize) {
aeEventLoop *eventLoop;
int i;
if ((eventLoop = zmalloc(sizeof(*eventLoop))) == NULL) goto err;
eventLoop->events = zmalloc(sizeof(aeFileEvent)*setsize);
eventLoop->fired = zmalloc(sizeof(aeFiredEvent)*setsize);
if (eventLoop->events == NULL || eventLoop->fired == NULL) goto err;
eventLoop->setsize = setsize;
eventLoop->lastTime = time(NULL);
eventLoop->timeEventHead = NULL;
eventLoop->timeEventNextId = 0;
eventLoop->stop = 0;
eventLoop->maxfd = -1;
eventLoop->beforesleep = NULL;
/* aeApiCreate:系统适配的poller api的初始化
* Linux下使用epoll,创建epoll api所需要的epollfd和epoll_event数组,并放入apidata中*/
if (aeApiCreate(eventLoop) == -1) goto err;
/* Events with mask == AE_NONE are not set. So let's initialize the
* vector with it. */
for (i = 0; i < setsize; i++)
eventLoop->events[i].mask = AE_NONE;
return eventLoop;
err:
if (eventLoop) {
zfree(eventLoop->events);
zfree(eventLoop->fired);
zfree(eventLoop);
}
return NULL;
}
- L12:Redis没有使用timefd的api;
- L18:注意Redis会选择对于该系统适配最佳的poller;
2、创建文件事件:
int aeCreateFileEvent(aeEventLoop *eventLoop, int fd, int mask,
aeFileProc *proc, void *clientData)
{
/* fd不能超过setsize */
if (fd >= eventLoop->setsize) {
errno = ERANGE;
return AE_ERR;
}
/* 取出空的aeFileEvent */
aeFileEvent *fe = &eventLoop->events[fd];
/* Linux下调用(之后默认Linux)epoll_ctl(2)添加事件 */
if (aeApiAddEvent(eventLoop, fd, mask) == -1)
return AE_ERR;
fe->mask |= mask;
if (mask & AE_READABLE) fe->rfileProc = proc;
if (mask & AE_WRITABLE) fe->wfileProc = proc;
fe->clientData = clientData;
if (fd > eventLoop->maxfd)
eventLoop->maxfd = fd;
return AE_OK;
}
- L12:注意对系统调用的封装;
3、创建时间事件:
long long aeCreateTimeEvent(aeEventLoop *eventLoop, long long milliseconds,
aeTimeProc *proc, void *clientData,
aeEventFinalizerProc *finalizerProc)
{
/* 分配id */
long long id = eventLoop->timeEventNextId++;
aeTimeEvent *te;
te = zmalloc(sizeof(*te));
if (te == NULL) return AE_ERR;
te->id = id;
/* 设置定时时间 */
aeAddMillisecondsToNow(milliseconds,&te->when_sec,&te->when_ms);
/* 处理函数 */
te->timeProc = proc;
te->finalizerProc = finalizerProc;
te->clientData = clientData;
/* 新事件插到链表头 */
te->next = eventLoop->timeEventHead;
eventLoop->timeEventHead = te;
return id;
}
三、开始事件循环:
- 在Redis main函数中调用aeMain:
void aeMain(aeEventLoop *eventLoop) {
eventLoop->stop = 0;
while (!eventLoop->stop) {
if (eventLoop->beforesleep != NULL)
eventLoop->beforesleep(eventLoop);
aeProcessEvents(eventLoop, AE_ALL_EVENTS);
}
}
1、事件处理函数:
int aeProcessEvents(aeEventLoop *eventLoop, int flags)
{
int processed = 0, numevents;
/* Nothing to do? return ASAP */
if (!(flags & AE_TIME_EVENTS) && !(flags & AE_FILE_EVENTS)) return 0;
/* Note that we want call select() even if there are no
* file events to process as long as we want to process time
* events, in order to sleep until the next time event is ready
* to fire. */
if (eventLoop->maxfd != -1 ||
((flags & AE_TIME_EVENTS) && !(flags & AE_DONT_WAIT))) {
int j;
aeTimeEvent *shortest = NULL;
struct timeval tv, *tvp;
/* 根据最近的时间事件设置poller调用的阻塞时间 */
if (flags & AE_TIME_EVENTS && !(flags & AE_DONT_WAIT))
shortest = aeSearchNearestTimer(eventLoop);
if (shortest) {
long now_sec, now_ms;
/* Calculate the time missing for the nearest
* timer to fire. */
aeGetTime(&now_sec, &now_ms);
tvp = &tv;
tvp->tv_sec = shortest->when_sec - now_sec;
if (shortest->when_ms < now_ms) {
tvp->tv_usec = ((shortest->when_ms+1000) - now_ms)*1000;
tvp->tv_sec --;
} else {
tvp->tv_usec = (shortest->when_ms - now_ms)*1000;
}
if (tvp->tv_sec < 0) tvp->tv_sec = 0;
if (tvp->tv_usec < 0) tvp->tv_usec = 0;
} else {
/* If we have to check for events but need to return
* ASAP because of AE_DONT_WAIT we need to set the timeout
* to zero */
if (flags & AE_DONT_WAIT) {
tv.tv_sec = tv.tv_usec = 0;
tvp = &tv;
} else {
/* Otherwise we can block */
tvp = NULL; /* wait forever */
}
}
/* epoll_wait调用 */
numevents = aeApiPoll(eventLoop, tvp);
for (j = 0; j < numevents; j++) {
aeFileEvent *fe = &eventLoop->events[eventLoop->fired[j].fd];
int mask = eventLoop->fired[j].mask;
int fd = eventLoop->fired[j].fd;
int rfired = 0;
/* note the fe->mask & mask & ... code: maybe an already processed
* event removed an element that fired and we still didn't
* processed, so we check if the event is still valid. */
/* 事件处理 */
if (fe->mask & mask & AE_READABLE) {
/* rfired 确保读/写事件只能执行其中一个 */
rfired = 1;
fe->rfileProc(eventLoop,fd,fe->clientData,mask);
}
if (fe->mask & mask & AE_WRITABLE) {
if (!rfired || fe->wfileProc != fe->rfileProc)
fe->wfileProc(eventLoop,fd,fe->clientData,mask);
}
processed++;
}
}
/* Check time events */
/* 先处理文件事件,再处理时间事件 */
if (flags & AE_TIME_EVENTS)
processed += processTimeEvents(eventLoop);
return processed; /* return the number of processed file/time events */
}
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L19、L75:以最近时间事件的到达时间作为poller调用阻塞时间,以及先处理文件事件,再处理时间事件的好处是:
- 避免长时间阻塞在文件事件的监听上;
- 处理完文件事件后最近时间事件刚好或即将触发,这时再处理效率更高;
- L76:时间事件分为周期性事件和定时事件,周期性事件在执行完后会被重新监听,目前Redis用的就是周期性事件;
参考:
本文基于redis 3.0