Django part4
polls part4
polls/detail.html
进一步完善detail
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>polls 详情页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>{{ question.question_text }}</h1>
{% if error_message %}<p><strong>{{ error_message }}</strong></p>{% endif %}
<!--vote()返回异常信息 -->
<form action="{% url 'polls:vote' question.id %}" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<!--表单处理 -->
<!--post方法需要导入的template tag -->
{% for choice in question.choice_set.all %}
<input type="radio" name="choice" id="choice{{ forloop.counter }}" value="{{ choice.id }}">
<label for="choice{{ forloop.counter }}">{{ choice.choice_text }}</label><br>
<!--forloop.counter 计数器 -->
{% endfor %}
<input type="submit" value="Vote">
</form>
</body>
</html>
polls/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
from django.http import Http404
from .models import Question
from django.template import loader
from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404
from .models import Choice
from django.urls import reverse
# Create your views here.
# Django模板使用 https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/templates/
def index(request):
latest_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
template = loader.get_template('polls/index.html')
context = {
'latest_question_list': latest_question_list,
}
return HttpResponse(template.render(context, request))
def detail(request, question_id):
try:
question = Question.objects.get(pk=question_id)
except Question.DoesNotExist:
raise Http404("Question does not exist")
return render(request, 'polls/detail.html', {'question': question})
def results(request, question_id):
question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)
return render(request, 'polls/results.html', {'question': question})
def vote(request, question_id):
question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)
# get_object_or_404 是Django 一种简单的写法，没找到指定资源，会抛出404异常
try:
selected_choice = question.choice_set.get(pk=request.POST['choice'])
# request.POST['choice'] 类似字典获取from表单post 传递数据，返回值会string类型
except (KeyError, Choice.DoesNotExist):
# Redisplay the question voting form.
return render(request, 'polls/detail.html', {
'question': question,
'error_message': "You didn't select a choice.",
})
else:
selected_choice.votes += 1
selected_choice.save()
# Always return an HttpResponseRedirect after successfully dealing
# with POST data. This prevents data from being posted twice if a
# user hits the Back button.
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('polls:results', args=(question.id,)))
polls/results.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>polls 结果</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>{{ question.question_text }}</h1>
<ul>
{% for choice in question.choice_set.all %}
<li>{{ choice.choice_text }} -- {{ choice.votes }} vote{{ choice.votes|pluralize }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<a href="{% url 'polls:detail' question.id %}">Vote again?</a>
</body>
</html>
参考博客
Django表单
Django传值
用python专业版创建Django项目
Django创建一个应用项目
Django app2
Django part3