from random import random


def cal(n):
    count = 0
    for i in range(1, n):
        x = random()
        y = random()
        if x*x + y*y <= 1:
            count += 1
    print("pi：", 4*count/n)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    cal(10000000)

参考文献

蒙特卡洛（Monte Carlo, MCMC）方法的原理和应用[https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV17D4y1o7J2?p=3&spm_id_from=pageDriver]