数据库版本:
PostgreSQL 9.6.3
系统版本：
CentOS release 6.6 (Final)
下载软件（Download software）：
[root@Darren2 tools]# wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v9.6.3/postgresql-9.6.3.tar.gz
查看是否已经安装(Check is not instatll)：
[root@Darren2 tools]# ps -ef |grep pgsql
root 28590 18695 0 20:24 pts/0 00:00:00 grep pgsql
[postgres@sht-sgmhadoopdn-02 ~]$ rpm -qa |grep postgres
postgresql-libs-8.4.18-1.el6_4.x86_64
解压（Extract software）：
[root@Darren2 tools]# tar xf postgresql-9.6.3.tar.gz
编译和安装(Complie)：
[root@Darren2 tools]# cd postgresql-9.6.3
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql
编译所有能编译的东西，包括文档（HTML和手册页）以及附加模块（contrib）：
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# make world && make install-world
......
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/tools/postgresql-9.6.3/contrib/vacuumlo'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/tools/postgresql-9.6.3/contrib'
PostgreSQL, contrib, and documentation installation complete.
创建用组和用户(Create group and user)
[root@Darren2 ~]# groupadd -g 101 dba
[root@Darren2 ~]# cat /etc/group|grep dba
dba:x:101:
[root@Darren2 ~]# useradd -u 516 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/pgsql postgres
[root@Darren2 ~]# id postgres
uid=516(postgres) gid=101(dba) groups=101(dba),0(root)
-u UID
-g 初始用户组
-G次要用户组
-m 创建用户家目录（系统用户默认不创建家目录）
-M 不创建用户家目录（普通用户默认创建家目录）
-s shell 默认是/bin/bash
-d指定家目录
[root@Darren2 home]# groups postgres
postgres : dba root
配置postgres密码
[root@Darren2 home]# passwd postgres
[root@Darren2 skel]# ls -al /etc/skel/
total 20
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 20 2016 .
drwxr-xr-x. 84 root root 4096 Jul 11 22:27 ..
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18 Jul 18 2013 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 176 Jul 18 2013 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 124 Jul 18 2013 .bashrc
[root@Darren2 skel]# cp /etc/skel/.* /usr/local/pgsql/
创建数据目录（Create data folder）
[root@Darren2 ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/pgsql/data
配置.bash_profile(Configure .bash_profile)
[root@Darren2 pgsql]# cat /usr/local/pgsql/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PGHOME=/usr/local/pgsql
export PGDATA=/usr/local/pgsql/data
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/pgsql/bin
set umask to 022
umask 022
PS1=`uname -n`":"'$USER'":"'$PWD'":>"; export PS1
修改文件权限和所有者（Chmod and chown）
[root@Darren2 pgsql]# chmod -R 755 /usr/local/pgsql
[root@Darren2 pgsql]# chown -R postgres:dba /usr/local/pgsql
[root@Darren2 pgsql]# chmod -R 700 /usr/local/pgsql/data
配置postgresql服务启动和设置自启动(Configure postgresql service and boot auto start) --这步可不做
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# cp /home/tools/postgresql-9.6.3/contrib/start-scripts/linux /etc/init.d/postgresql
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/postgresql
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chkconfig --list |grep postgresql
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chkconfig --add postgresql
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chkconfig --list |grep postgresql
postgresql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
初始化数据和启动(Initialize database and start database)
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# su - postgres
[postgres@Darren2 start-scripts]$ cd
[postgres@Darren2 ~]$ pwd
/usr/local/pgsql
[postgres@Darren2 ~]$ . .bash_profile
#初始化生成数据文件
Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql:>/usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
#启动数据库
Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql:>pg_ctl start
server starting
Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql:>LOG: database system was shut down at 2017-07-12 00:49:17 CST
LOG: MultiXact member wraparound protections are now enabled
LOG: database system is ready to accept connections
LOG: autovacuum launcher started
创建用户和数据库(Create user and database)
psql
psql (9.6.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# create user admin password'admin' login;
CREATE ROLE
postgres=# create database testdb with owner=admin;
CREATE DATABASE
Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql:>pg_ctl status
pg_ctl: server is running (PID: 51498)
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/postgres
安装过程中常见报错
编译时候报错：
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql --without-zlib
......
configure: error: readline library not found --提示找不到readline
If you have readline already installed, see config.log for details on the
failure. It is possible the compiler isn't looking in the proper directory.
Use --without-readline to disable readline support.
查看系统已经安装readline：
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# rpm -qa |grep readline
compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64
readline-6.0-4.el6.x86_64
通过yum search可以发现没有安装readline-devel:
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# yum search readline
......
readline-devel.i686 : Files needed to develop programs which use the readline library
readline-devel.x86_64 : Files needed to develop programs which use the readline library
......
通过yum安装之后，在编译即可通过：
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# yum install -y readline-devel
本文转自 Darren_Chen 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/darrenmemos/1971094，如需转载请自行联系原作者