Linux下安装Oracle11g

2022-04-20 08:32:43

　　大部分人都有在Windows下安装Oracle的经验，可到了Linux，尤其是在公司内部安装的Linux，缺少UI的条件下安装起来还是比较痛苦的，鄙人正好经历了这一过程，顺便记录一下。

准备条件：

Redhat 5,

NX Client (在未安装XWindows的Linux上运行UI)

Oracle11g安装包

1. OS准备

1.1 创建用户及相关目录

创建组及oracle用户

# groupadd -g 501 oinstall

# groupadd -g 502 dba

# groupadd -g 503 oper

# useradd -m -u 501 -g oinstall -G dba,oper -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash -c “Oracle Software Owner” oracle

# id oracle

# passwd oracle

创建Oracle安装默认目录

# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app
# chmod -R 775 /u01/app

# mkdir -p /u01/oradata
# chown oracle:oinstall /u01/oradata
# chmod 775 /u01/oradata
# mkdir -p /u01/flash_recovery_area
# chown oracle:oinstall /u01/flash_recovery_area
# chmod 775 /u01/flash_recovery_area

为Oracle用户设置环境变量

su oracle -

在~/.bash_profile文件中加入以下配置

Notice：以下只是Example，根据具体安装目录调整

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
# User specific environment and startup programs
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_PATH=$ORACLE_BASE/dba_scripts/common/sql:.:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
export ORACLE_SID=UPRR

export PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/dba_scripts/common/bin
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT=”DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS”
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export THREADS_FLAG=native
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp

1.2 安装Oracle依赖包（Packages)

以下安装包必须安装，

binutils-2.15.92.0.2
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 (32 bit)
elfutils-libelf-0.97
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.97
expat-1.95.7
gcc-3.4.6
gcc-c++-3.4.6
glibc-2.3.4-2.41
glibc-2.3.4-2.41 (32 bit)
glibc-common-2.3.4
glibc-devel-2.3.4
glibc-headers-2.3.4
libaio-0.3.105
libaio-0.3.105 (32 bit)
libaio-devel-0.3.105
libaio-devel-0.3.105 (32 bit)
libgcc-3.4.6
libgcc-3.4.6 (32-bit)
libstdc++-3.4.6
libstdc++-3.4.6 (32 bit)
libstdc++-devel 3.4.6
make-3.80
numactl-0.6.4.x86_64
pdksh-5.2.14
sysstat-5.0.5

可以用 rpm 命令 check一下，

# rpm -q package_name

如果有缺少的可以去如下地址下载安装

http://tel.mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/

http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php?query=pdksh(x86-64)

使用以下命令安装

Rpm –Uvh <Package>

1.3 修改OS配置

参考http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24321/pre_install.htm

配置/etc/security/limits.conf ，修改Oracle用户的限制

oracle       soft    nproc   2047
oracle       hard    nofile  65536
oracle       soft    nofile  1024

添加Kernel 参数，编辑/etc/sysctl.conf文件，加入如下

#########################################################
#Added for Oracle Installation
#########################################################
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304