Linux操作系统的文件查找工具locate和find命令常用参数介绍
作者：尹正杰
版权声明：原创作品，谢绝转载！否则将追究法律责任。
一.非实时查找(数据库查找)locate工具
locate命令的工作原理剖析:
用locate命令在搜索文件列表的时候，它并不是去硬盘中实时搜索文件，而是事先把磁盘上的所有文件预建文件索引数据库(即"/var/lib/mlocate.db"),查询时依赖于事先构建的索引(索引的构建是在系统较为空闲时自动进行,即周期性任务),这就是为什么它搜索文件非常快的原因。
但这并不是说安装操作系统或者刚刚安装完locate软件，就会立即有"/var/lib/mlocate.db"数据库的，而是需要等待一段时间后它才会自动生成，而这个等待时间是不确定的，因此我们可以使用update命令来手动生成该索引数据库文件。
索引构建过程需要遍历整个根文件系统，极消耗资源，因此locate命令适合搜索比较稳定的文件，比如系统的启动脚本或系统配置文件之类的，因为他们不仅经常变化，基本上都可以搜索到，但是对于一些变化频率比较高的文件搜索起来locate就有点力不从心，需要咱们不断地手动更新数据库才能获取到最新的文件索引信息。 locate命令的工作特点:
(1)查找速度快
(2)模糊查找
(3)非实时查找
(4)搜索的文件是全路径，不仅仅是文件名
(5)可能之搜索用户具备读取和执行权限的目录 locate语法格式:
Usage: locate [OPTION]... [PATTERN]...
常用选项:
-i:
不区分大小写。
-n N:
只例举前N个匹配项目。
-r:
使用正则biao a
1>.安装locate数据库(最小化操作系统是没有安装locate命令的哟～)
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install mlocate
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mlocate.x86_64 :0.26-.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mlocate x86_64 0.26-.el7 base k Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================
Install Package Total download size: k
Installed size: k
Downloading packages:
mlocate-0.26-.el7.x86_64.rpm | kB ::
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : mlocate-0.26-.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : mlocate-0.26-.el7.x86_64 / Installed:
mlocate.x86_64 :0.26-.el7 Complete!
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install mlocate
2>.更新locate的数据库文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate hosts #我们在安装locate命令时并不会立即生成数据索引文件。
locate: can not stat () `/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db': No such file or directory
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# updatedb #因此我们可以手动locate命令的数据库文件，如果文件已经存在则更新该数据库内容。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db #数据库文件竟然自动创建出来啦
-rw-r----- root slocate Dec : /var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# touch f1.log #我们此处创建一个文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll #该文件已经创建出来来
total
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : f1.log
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate f1.log #我们发现locate命令竟然找不到f1.log文件，这是由于locate的数据库文件还没有来得及更新
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# updatedb #于是于是我们手动更新数据库信息，将之前修改的内容都同步到locate数据库中
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate f1.log #
/root/f1.log
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
3>.省略选项搜索关键词案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate hosts
/etc/hosts
/etc/hosts.allow
/etc/hosts.deny
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts/cil
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts/hll
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts/lang_ext
/usr/lib64/security/pam_rhosts.so
/usr/share/ghostscript
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4./httpd-vhosts.conf
/usr/share/doc/pam-1.1./html/sag-pam_rhosts.html
/usr/share/doc/pam-1.1./txts/README.pam_rhosts
/usr/share/ghostscript/conf.d
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts.allow..gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts.deny..gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts_access..gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts_options..gz
/usr/share/man/man8/pam_rhosts..gz
/usr/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin/denyhosts.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin/hostsaccess.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/denyhosts.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/hostsaccess.vim
/usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_sd_hosts_or_user_at_host
/var/cache/yum/x86_64//timedhosts
/var/cache/yum/x86_64//timedhosts.txt
/var/www/html/phpMyAdmin/examples/config.manyhosts.inc.php
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate hosts #查找文件名包含hosts的文件名或者路径。
4>."-i"选项案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate HOSTS #我们搜索大写的关键词是搜不到有关HOSTS文件名称或路径的。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate -i HOSTS #我们使用"-i"选项可以忽略文件大小写，瞬间就可以匹配到包含hosts的文件名称或路径啦。
/etc/hosts
/etc/hosts.allow
/etc/hosts.deny
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts/cil
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts/hll
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts/lang_ext
/usr/lib64/security/pam_rhosts.so
/usr/share/ghostscript
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4./httpd-vhosts.conf
/usr/share/doc/pam-1.1./html/sag-pam_rhosts.html
/usr/share/doc/pam-1.1./txts/README.pam_rhosts
/usr/share/ghostscript/conf.d
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts.allow..gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts.deny..gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts_access..gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts_options..gz
/usr/share/man/man8/pam_rhosts..gz
/usr/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin/denyhosts.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin/hostsaccess.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/denyhosts.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/hostsaccess.vim
/usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_sd_hosts_or_user_at_host
/var/cache/yum/x86_64//timedhosts
/var/cache/yum/x86_64//timedhosts.txt
/var/www/html/phpMyAdmin/examples/config.manyhosts.inc.php
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate -i HOSTS #我们使用"-i"选项可以忽略文件大小写，瞬间就可以匹配到包含hosts的文件名称或路径啦。
5>."-n"选项案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate hosts
/etc/hosts
/etc/hosts.allow
/etc/hosts.deny
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts/cil
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts/hll
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts/lang_ext
/usr/lib64/security/pam_rhosts.so
/usr/share/ghostscript
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4./httpd-vhosts.conf
/usr/share/doc/pam-1.1./html/sag-pam_rhosts.html
/usr/share/doc/pam-1.1./txts/README.pam_rhosts
/usr/share/ghostscript/conf.d
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts.allow..gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts.deny..gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts_access..gz
/usr/share/man/man5/hosts_options..gz
/usr/share/man/man8/pam_rhosts..gz
/usr/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin/denyhosts.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin/hostsaccess.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/denyhosts.vim
/usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/hostsaccess.vim
/usr/share/zsh/site-functions/_sd_hosts_or_user_at_host
/var/cache/yum/x86_64//timedhosts
/var/cache/yum/x86_64//timedhosts.txt
/var/www/html/phpMyAdmin/examples/config.manyhosts.inc.php
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate -n hosts #之列出前5个匹配到的文件名称或路径名称
/etc/hosts
/etc/hosts.allow
/etc/hosts.deny
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts/cil
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate -n 5 hosts #之列出前5个匹配到的文件名称或路径名称
6>."-r"选项案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate -r "\.conf$"
/etc/GeoIP.conf
/etc/asound.conf
/etc/chrony.conf
/etc/dracut.conf
/etc/e2fsck.conf
/etc/host.conf
/etc/kdump.conf
/etc/krb5.conf
/etc/ld.so.conf
/etc/libaudit.conf
/etc/libuser.conf
/etc/locale.conf
/etc/logrotate.conf
/etc/man_db.conf
/etc/mke2fs.conf
/etc/nsswitch.conf
/etc/resolv.conf
/etc/rsyncd.conf
/etc/rsyslog.conf
/etc/sestatus.conf
/etc/sudo-ldap.conf
/etc/sudo.conf
/etc/sysctl.conf
/etc/updatedb.conf
/etc/vconsole.conf
/etc/yum.conf
/etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/-keyboard.conf
/etc/audisp/audispd.conf
/etc/audisp/plugins.d/af_unix.conf
/etc/audisp/plugins.d/syslog.conf
/etc/audit/auditd.conf
/etc/dbus-/session.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/FirewallD.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/com.redhat.tuned.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/nm-dispatcher.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/nm-ifcfg-rh.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/org.freedesktop.hostname1.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/org.freedesktop.import1.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/org.freedesktop.locale1.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/org.freedesktop.login1.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/org.freedesktop.machine1.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/org.freedesktop.systemd1.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/org.freedesktop.timedate1.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/teamd.conf
/etc/dbus-/system.d/wpa_supplicant.conf
/etc/depmod.d/dist.conf
/etc/firewalld/firewalld.conf
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.d/autoindex.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.d/userdir.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/-base.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/-dav.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/-lua.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/-mpm.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/-proxy.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/-systemd.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/-cgi.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/-php.conf
/etc/ld.so.conf.d/kernel-3.10.-.el7.x86_64.conf
/etc/ld.so.conf.d/mariadb-x86_64.conf
/etc/lvm/lvm.conf
/etc/lvm/lvmlocal.conf
/etc/modprobe.d/dccp-blacklist.conf
/etc/modprobe.d/firewalld-sysctls.conf
/etc/modprobe.d/tuned.conf
/etc/openldap/ldap.conf
/etc/pki/ca-trust/ca-legacy.conf
/etc/plymouth/plymouthd.conf
/etc/prelink.conf.d/fipscheck.conf
/etc/prelink.conf.d/grub2.conf
/etc/prelink.conf.d/nss-softokn-prelink.conf
/etc/rsyslog.d/listen.conf
/etc/sasl2/smtpd.conf
/etc/security/access.conf
/etc/security/chroot.conf
/etc/security/group.conf
/etc/security/limits.conf
/etc/security/namespace.conf
/etc/security/pam_env.conf
/etc/security/pwquality.conf
/etc/security/sepermit.conf
/etc/security/time.conf
/etc/security/limits.d/-nproc.conf
/etc/selinux/semanage.conf
/etc/selinux/targeted/setrans.conf
/etc/sysctl.d/-sysctl.conf
/etc/systemd/bootchart.conf
/etc/systemd/coredump.conf
/etc/systemd/journald.conf
/etc/systemd/logind.conf
/etc/systemd/system.conf
/etc/systemd/user.conf
/etc/tuned/tuned-main.conf
/etc/udev/udev.conf
/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
/etc/yum/version-groups.conf
/etc/yum/pluginconf.d/fastestmirror.conf
/etc/yum/pluginconf.d/langpacks.conf
/etc/yum/protected.d/systemd.conf
/home/yinzhengjie/.pyenv/.pip/pip.conf
/home/yinzhengjie/.pyenv/cache/Python-3.6./Doc/docutils.conf
/home/yinzhengjie/.pyenv/cache/Python-3.6./Doc/tools/pydoctheme/theme.conf
/usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/-slaves-order.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d/-dist.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d/-microcode.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d/-rescue.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d/-nss-softokn.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/dracut.conf.d/-phys-port-name.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/40network/dhclient.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/98syslog/rsyslog.conf
/usr/lib/dracut/modules.d/98systemd/dracut-tmpfiles.conf
/usr/lib/modprobe.d/dist-alsa.conf
/usr/lib/modprobe.d/dist-blacklist.conf
/usr/lib/sysctl.d/-system.conf
/usr/lib/sysctl.d/-default-yama-scope.conf
/usr/lib/sysctl.d/-default.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/cryptsetup.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/etc.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/httpd.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/initscripts.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/legacy.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/libselinux.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/lvm2.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/mariadb.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/pam.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/python.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/rpm.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/sap.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/selinux-policy.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/sudo.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd-nologin.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/systemd.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/tmp.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/var.conf
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/x11.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/balanced/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/desktop/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/latency-performance/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/network-latency/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/network-throughput/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/powersave/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/recommend.d/-tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/throughput-performance/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/virtual-guest/tuned.conf
/usr/lib/tuned/virtual-host/tuned.conf
/usr/share/alsa/alsa.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/AACI.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ATIIXP-MODEM.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ATIIXP-SPDMA.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ATIIXP.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/AU8810.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/AU8820.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/AU8830.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/Audigy.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/Audigy2.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/Aureon51.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/Aureon71.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/CA0106.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/CMI8338-SWIEC.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/CMI8338.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/CMI8738-MC6.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/CMI8738-MC8.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/CMI8788.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/CS46xx.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/EMU10K1.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/EMU10K1X.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ENS1370.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ENS1371.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ES1968.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/Echo_Echo3G.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/FM801.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/FWSpeakers.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/FireWave.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/GUS.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/HDA-Intel.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/HdmiLpeAudio.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ICE1712.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ICE1724.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ICH-MODEM.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ICH.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/ICH4.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/Loopback.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/Maestro3.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/NFORCE.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/PC-Speaker.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/PMac.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/PMacToonie.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/PS3.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/RME9636.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/RME9652.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/SB-XFi.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/SI7018.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/TRID4DWAVENX.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/USB-Audio.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/VIA686A.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/VIA8233.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/VIA8233A.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/VIA8237.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/VX222.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/VXPocket.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/VXPocket440.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/YMF744.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/aliases.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/pistachio-card.conf
/usr/share/alsa/cards/vc4-hdmi.conf
/usr/share/alsa/firmware/usx2yloader/us122.conf
/usr/share/alsa/firmware/usx2yloader/us224.conf
/usr/share/alsa/firmware/usx2yloader/us428.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/center_lfe.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/default.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/dmix.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/dpl.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/dsnoop.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/front.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/hdmi.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/iec958.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/modem.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/rear.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/side.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/surround21.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/surround40.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/surround41.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/surround50.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/surround51.conf
/usr/share/alsa/pcm/surround71.conf
/usr/share/alsa/topology/broadwell/broadwell.conf
/usr/share/alsa/topology/bxtrt298/bxt_i2s.conf
/usr/share/alsa/topology/sklrt286/skl_i2s.conf
/usr/share/dbus-/session.conf
/usr/share/dbus-/system.conf
/usr/share/doc/NetworkManager/examples/server.conf
/usr/share/doc/alsa-lib/modprobe-dist-oss.conf
/usr/share/doc/dbus-1.10./examples/example-session-disable-stats.conf
/usr/share/doc/dbus-1.10./examples/example-system-enable-stats.conf
/usr/share/doc/glibc-common-2.17/gai.conf
/usr/share/doc/gnupg2-2.0./examples/gpgconf.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4./httpd-dav.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4./httpd-default.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4./httpd-info.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4./httpd-languages.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4./httpd-manual.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4./httpd-mpm.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4./httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4./httpd-vhosts.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd-2.4./proxy-html.conf
/usr/share/doc/krb5-libs-1.15./examples/kdc.conf
/usr/share/doc/krb5-libs-1.15./examples/krb5.conf
/usr/share/doc/python-configobj-4.7./docutils.conf
/usr/share/doc/python-slip-0.4./dbus/example/org.fedoraproject.slip.example.mechanism.conf
/usr/share/doc/python-slip-dbus-0.4./example/org.fedoraproject.slip.example.mechanism.conf
/usr/share/doc/sudo-1.8./examples/pam.conf
/usr/share/doc/sudo-1.8./examples/sudo.conf
/usr/share/doc/sudo-1.8./examples/syslog.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_arp_ping_1.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_arp_ping_2.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_ethtool_1.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_ethtool_2.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_ethtool_3.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_multi_lw_1.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_nsna_ping_1.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/activebackup_tipc.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/broadcast.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/lacp_1.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/loadbalance_1.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/loadbalance_2.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/loadbalance_3.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/random.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/roundrobin.conf
/usr/share/doc/teamd-1.27/example_configs/roundrobin_2.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/wpa_supplicant.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/examples/ieee8021x.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/examples/openCryptoki.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/examples/plaintext.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/examples/udhcpd-p2p.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/examples/wep.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/examples/wpa-psk-tkip.conf
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant-2.6/examples/wpa2-eap-ccmp.conf
/usr/src/kernels/3.10.-.el7.x86_64/include/config/auto.conf
/usr/src/kernels/3.10.-.el7.x86_64/include/config/tristate.conf
/var/lib/NetworkManager/NetworkManager-intern.conf
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate -r "\.conf$" #之匹配以".conf"结尾的文件
7>.查看locate命令的帮助信息
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate --help
Usage: locate [OPTION]... [PATTERN]...
Search for entries in a mlocate database. -A, --all only print entries that match all patterns
-b, --basename match only the base name of path names
-c, --count only print number of found entries
-d, --database DBPATH use DBPATH instead of default database (which is
/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db)
-e, --existing only print entries for currently existing files
-L, --follow follow trailing symbolic links when checking file
existence (default)
-h, --help print this help
-i, --ignore-case ignore case distinctions when matching patterns
-l, --limit, -n LIMIT limit output (or counting) to LIMIT entries
-m, --mmap ignored, for backward compatibility
-P, --nofollow, -H don't follow trailing symbolic links when checking file
existence
-, --null separate entries with NUL on output
-S, --statistics don't search for entries, print statistics about each
used database
-q, --quiet report no error messages about reading databases
-r, --regexp REGEXP search for basic regexp REGEXP instead of patterns
--regex patterns are extended regexps
-s, --stdio ignored, for backward compatibility
-V, --version print version information
-w, --wholename match whole path name (default) Report bugs to mitr@redhat.com.
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# locate --help
二.实时查找find工具
实时查找工具，通过遍历指定路径完成文件查找 工作特点:
(1)查找速度略慢
(2)精确查找
(3)实时查找
(4)可能只搜索用户具备读取和执行权限的目录 语法:
find [OPTION]... [查找路径] [查找条件] [处理动作]
查找路径:
指定具体目标路径;默认为当前目录
查找条件:
指定的查找标准，可以文件名、大小、类型、权限等标准进行; 默认为找出指定路径下的所有文件
处理动作:
对符合条件的文件做操作，默认输出至屏幕
1>.查看find命令的帮助信息
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find --help
Usage: find [-H] [-L] [-P] [-Olevel] [-D help|tree|search|stat|rates|opt|exec] [path...] [expression] default path is the current directory; default expression is -print
expression may consist of: operators, options, tests, and actions: operators (decreasing precedence; -and is implicit where no others are given):
( EXPR ) ! EXPR -not EXPR EXPR1 -a EXPR2 EXPR1 -and EXPR2
EXPR1 -o EXPR2 EXPR1 -or EXPR2 EXPR1 , EXPR2 positional options (always true): -daystart -follow -regextype normal options (always true, specified before other expressions):
-depth --help -maxdepth LEVELS -mindepth LEVELS -mount -noleaf
--version -xautofs -xdev -ignore_readdir_race -noignore_readdir_race tests (N can be +N or -N or N): -amin N -anewer FILE -atime N -cmin N
-cnewer FILE -ctime N -empty -false -fstype TYPE -gid N -group NAME
-ilname PATTERN -iname PATTERN -inum N -iwholename PATTERN -iregex PATTERN
-links N -lname PATTERN -mmin N -mtime N -name PATTERN -newer FILE
-nouser -nogroup -path PATTERN -perm [-/]MODE -regex PATTERN
-readable -writable -executable
-wholename PATTERN -size N[bcwkMG] -true -type [bcdpflsD] -uid N
-used N -user NAME -xtype [bcdpfls]
-context CONTEXT actions: -delete -print0 -printf FORMAT -fprintf FILE FORMAT -print
-fprint0 FILE -fprint FILE -ls -fls FILE -prune -quit
-exec COMMAND ; -exec COMMAND {} + -ok COMMAND ;
-execdir COMMAND ; -execdir COMMAND {} + -okdir COMMAND ; Report (and track progress on fixing) bugs via the findutils bug-reporting
page at http://savannah.gnu.org/ or, if you have no web access, by sending
email to <bug-findutils@gnu.org>.
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find --help
2>.不指定查找路径，条件和处理动作默认递归查找查找当前目录的所有文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find
.
./.lesshst
./a
./a/a
./a/f2.log
./a/mv
./.bash_profile
./.tcshrc
./.cshrc
./.viminfo
./.bash_logout
./.bash_history
./.pki
./.pki/nssdb
./.bashrc
./.mysql_history
./f1.log
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ls -aR
.:
. .. a .bash_history .bash_logout .bash_profile .bashrc .cshrc f1.log .lesshst .mysql_history .pki .tcshrc .viminfo ./a:
. .. a f2.log mv ./.pki:
. .. nssdb ./.pki/nssdb:
. ..
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find
3>.查找指定路径下的所有文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -R test/
test/:
total
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : a
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : f2.log
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : mv
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find test/
test/
test/a
test/f2.log
test/mv
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find test/
4>.指定搜索层级
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find / -maxdepth #表示在根目录开始查找文件，最大搜索目录深度为1。
/
/media
/mnt
/lost+found
/dev
/tmp
/home
/run
/srv
/boot
/bin
/sbin
/lib64
/usr
/sys
/etc
/var
/lib
/proc
/opt
/root
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find / -maxdepth 1 #表示在根目录开始查找文件，最大搜索目录深度为1。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/pki/ -maxdepth
/etc/pki/
/etc/pki/CA
/etc/pki/nss-legacy
/etc/pki/ca-trust
/etc/pki/rsyslog
/etc/pki/nssdb
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg
/etc/pki/tls
/etc/pki/java
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/pki/ -maxdepth 1 #同上，表示从"/etc/pki"目录开始查找文件，最大搜索深度为1。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/pki/ -mindepth
/etc/pki/CA
/etc/pki/CA/newcerts
/etc/pki/CA/private
/etc/pki/CA/crl
/etc/pki/CA/certs
/etc/pki/nss-legacy
/etc/pki/nss-legacy/nss-rhel7.config
/etc/pki/ca-trust
/etc/pki/ca-trust/ca-legacy.conf
/etc/pki/ca-trust/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/blacklist
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/ca-bundle.legacy.crt
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/email-ca-bundle.pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/objsign-ca-bundle.pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/tls-ca-bundle.pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl/ca-bundle.trust.crt
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java/cacerts
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java/README
/etc/pki/rsyslog
/etc/pki/nssdb
/etc/pki/nssdb/cert9.db
/etc/pki/nssdb/secmod.db
/etc/pki/nssdb/key3.db
/etc/pki/nssdb/key4.db
/etc/pki/nssdb/pkcs11.txt
/etc/pki/nssdb/cert8.db
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-
/etc/pki/tls
/etc/pki/tls/private
/etc/pki/tls/misc
/etc/pki/tls/misc/CA
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_issuer
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_info
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_hash
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_name
/etc/pki/tls/certs
/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
/etc/pki/tls/certs/Makefile
/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.trust.crt
/etc/pki/tls/certs/renew-dummy-cert
/etc/pki/tls/certs/make-dummy-cert
/etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
/etc/pki/tls/cert.pem
/etc/pki/java
/etc/pki/java/cacerts
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/pki/ -mindepth 1 #和上面相反，表示最小深度为1,即贪婪搜索，一般情况下就是递归搜索"/etc/pki"目录下但所有文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/pki/ -mindepth -maxdepth
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/blacklist
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/ca-bundle.legacy.crt
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java
/etc/pki/tls/misc/CA
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_issuer
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_info
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_hash
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_name
/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
/etc/pki/tls/certs/Makefile
/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.trust.crt
/etc/pki/tls/certs/renew-dummy-cert
/etc/pki/tls/certs/make-dummy-cert
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/pki/ -mindepth 3 -maxdepth 3 #只搜索第三级目录
5>.先处理目录内的文件，再处理指定目录
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/pki/ -depth #先处理目录内的文件，再处理指定目录,即先显示文件，后显示文件夹
/etc/pki/CA/newcerts
/etc/pki/CA/private
/etc/pki/CA/crl
/etc/pki/CA/certs
/etc/pki/CA
/etc/pki/nss-legacy/nss-rhel7.config
/etc/pki/nss-legacy
/etc/pki/ca-trust/ca-legacy.conf
/etc/pki/ca-trust/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/blacklist
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/ca-bundle.legacy.crt
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/email-ca-bundle.pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/objsign-ca-bundle.pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/tls-ca-bundle.pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl/ca-bundle.trust.crt
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java/cacerts
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted
/etc/pki/ca-trust
/etc/pki/rsyslog
/etc/pki/nssdb/cert9.db
/etc/pki/nssdb/secmod.db
/etc/pki/nssdb/key3.db
/etc/pki/nssdb/key4.db
/etc/pki/nssdb/pkcs11.txt
/etc/pki/nssdb/cert8.db
/etc/pki/nssdb
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg
/etc/pki/tls/private
/etc/pki/tls/misc/CA
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_issuer
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_info
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_hash
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_name
/etc/pki/tls/misc
/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
/etc/pki/tls/certs/Makefile
/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.trust.crt
/etc/pki/tls/certs/renew-dummy-cert
/etc/pki/tls/certs/make-dummy-cert
/etc/pki/tls/certs
/etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
/etc/pki/tls/cert.pem
/etc/pki/tls
/etc/pki/java/cacerts
/etc/pki/java
/etc/pki/
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/pki/ -depth #先处理目录内的文件，再处理指定目录,即先显示文件，后显示文件夹
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/pki/ #默认先显示文件夹,后显示文件
/etc/pki/
/etc/pki/CA
/etc/pki/CA/newcerts
/etc/pki/CA/private
/etc/pki/CA/crl
/etc/pki/CA/certs
/etc/pki/nss-legacy
/etc/pki/nss-legacy/nss-rhel7.config
/etc/pki/ca-trust
/etc/pki/ca-trust/ca-legacy.conf
/etc/pki/ca-trust/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/blacklist
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/ca-bundle.legacy.crt
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/email-ca-bundle.pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/objsign-ca-bundle.pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/tls-ca-bundle.pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl/ca-bundle.trust.crt
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java/cacerts
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java/README
/etc/pki/rsyslog
/etc/pki/nssdb
/etc/pki/nssdb/cert9.db
/etc/pki/nssdb/secmod.db
/etc/pki/nssdb/key3.db
/etc/pki/nssdb/key4.db
/etc/pki/nssdb/pkcs11.txt
/etc/pki/nssdb/cert8.db
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-
/etc/pki/tls
/etc/pki/tls/private
/etc/pki/tls/misc
/etc/pki/tls/misc/CA
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_issuer
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_info
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_hash
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_name
/etc/pki/tls/certs
/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
/etc/pki/tls/certs/Makefile
/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.trust.crt
/etc/pki/tls/certs/renew-dummy-cert
/etc/pki/tls/certs/make-dummy-cert
/etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
/etc/pki/tls/cert.pem
/etc/pki/java
/etc/pki/java/cacerts
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/pki/ #默认先显示文件夹,后显示文件
6>.根据文件名和inode查找
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name ifcfg-eth0 #文件名称必须要精确匹配
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name ifcfg #不存在叫ifcfg的文件，因此匹配不上
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name ifcfg-eth0 #文件名称必须要精确匹配
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name ifcfg
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name "ifcfg*" #支持使用glob，即通配符
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name "ifcfg*" #支持使用glob，即通配符
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name IFCFG-ETH0
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -iname IFCFG-ETH0 #忽略匹配的文件名称大小写
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -iname IFCFG-ETH0 #忽略匹配的文件名称大小写
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -i /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
-rw-r--r--. root root Sep : /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ln /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 /root/ifcf-eth0
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw-r--r--. root root Sep : ifcf-eth0
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find / -inum #基于inode节点编号查找文件
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
/root/ifcf-eth0
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find / -inum 788769 #基于inode节点编号查找文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find / -inum -ls #列出查找到到文件
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Sep : /home/yinzhengjie/.pyenv/versions/3.6./envs/jason/lib/python3./site-packages/notebook/static/components/MathJax/extensions/a11y/mathmaps/es/symbols/math_non_characters.js
--w------- root root Dec : /sys/bus/memory/uevent
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/function_profile_enabled
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find / -inum 64 -ls #列出查找到到文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -i /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
-rw-r--r--. root root Sep : /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -i
total
-rw-r--r--. root root Sep : ifcf-eth0
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -samefile /root/ifcf-eth0 #在"/etc"目录下找和"/root/ifcf-eth0"文件相同的文件，即是硬连接关系而非inode节点编号一样，inode节点编号一样可能是不同分区的文件哟，而硬连接是不可以跨越分区的。
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -samefile /root/ifcf-eth0 #在"/etc"目录下找和"/root/ifcf-eth0"文件相同的文件，即是硬连接关系而非inode节点编号一样，inode节点编号一样可能是不同分区的文件哟，而硬连接是不可以跨越分区的。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -links -ls #在"/etc"目录下查看链接数为6的文件
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : /etc/sysconfig
drwxr-xr-x root root Sep : /etc/lvm
drwxr-xr-x root root Mar /etc/pki/CA
drwxr-xr-x root root Sep : /etc/security
drwxr-xr-x root root Sep : /etc/yum
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -links 6 -ls #在"/etc"目录下查看链接数为6的文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -regex ".*\.sh$" #在"/etc"目录下查看以".sh"结尾的文件名称，注意，find和locate不同，find的正则表达式要求咱们匹配文件的全路径。
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/-dracut-rescue-postinst.sh
/etc/profile.d/less.sh
/etc/profile.d/which2.sh
/etc/profile.d/256term.sh
/etc/profile.d/vim.sh
/etc/profile.d/colorgrep.sh
/etc/profile.d/colorls.sh
/etc/profile.d/lang.sh
/etc/dhcp/dhclient.d/chrony.sh
/etc/dhcp/dhclient-exit-hooks.d/azure-cloud.sh
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -regex ".*\.sh$" #在"/etc"目录下查看以".sh"结尾的文件名称，注意，find和locate不同，find的正则表达式要求咱们匹配文件的全路径。
7>.根据属主、属组查找
-user USERNAME:
查找属主为指定用户(UID)的文件 -group GRPNAME:
查找属组为指定组(GID)的文件 -uid UserID:
查找属主为指定的UID号的文件
-gid GroupID:
查找属组为指定的GID号的文件 -nouser:
查找没有属主的文件 -nogroup:
查找没有属组的文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /home/yinzhengjie/devops/ -user yinzhengjie -ls #查找属主为yinzhengjie的文件
drwxrwxr-x yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Sep : /home/yinzhengjie/devops/
drwxrwxr-x yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Sep : /home/yinzhengjie/devops/op
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Sep : /home/yinzhengjie/devops/op/.python-version
drwxrwxr-x yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Sep : /home/yinzhengjie/devops/cmdb
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Sep : /home/yinzhengjie/devops/cmdb/.python-version
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /home/yinzhengjie/devops/ -user yinzhengjie -ls #查找属主为yinzhengjie的文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# useradd centos
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# su -l centos
[centos@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$
[centos@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$ touch /tmp/a{..}.txt
[centos@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$
[centos@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$ ll /tmp/
total
-rw-rw-r-- centos centos Dec : a1.txt
-rw-rw-r-- centos centos Dec : a2.txt
-rw-rw-r-- centos centos Dec : a3.txt
[centos@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$
[centos@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$ exit
logout
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# userdel -r centos
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /tmp/
total
-rw-rw-r-- Dec : a1.txt
-rw-rw-r-- Dec : a2.txt
-rw-rw-r-- Dec : a3.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /tmp/ -nouser -ls #查看没有属主的文件
-rw-rw-r-- Dec : /tmp/a1.txt
-rw-rw-r-- Dec : /tmp/a2.txt
-rw-rw-r-- Dec : /tmp/a3.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /tmp/ -nouser -ls #查看没有属主的文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /tmp/ -nogroup -ls #查看没有属组的文件
-rw-rw-r-- Dec : /tmp/a1.txt
-rw-rw-r-- Dec : /tmp/a2.txt
-rw-rw-r-- Dec : /tmp/a3.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /tmp/ -nogroup -ls #查看没有属组的文件
8>.根据文件类型查找
-type TYPE
f: 普通文件
d: 目录文件
l: 符号链接文件
s:套接字文件
b: 块设备文件
c: 字符设备文件
p: 管道文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/selinux/ -type d
/etc/selinux/
/etc/selinux/tmp
/etc/selinux/targeted
/etc/selinux/targeted/contexts
/etc/selinux/targeted/contexts/files
/etc/selinux/targeted/contexts/users
/etc/selinux/targeted/active
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/disabled
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rdisc
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//tuned
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//setroubleshoot
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//wireshark
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//permissivedomains
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//prelude
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//apcupsd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//courier
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//nut
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//bacula
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//pwauth
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//certwatch
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ipa
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//tcsd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sensord
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//uucp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mrtg
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//kerberos
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//firewalld
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//kmscon
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sandboxX
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//loadkeys
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//smsd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//zarafa
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//tftp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//hsqldb
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//chronyd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//oracleasm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//vdagent
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ntop
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//lockdev
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//stapserver
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//wdmd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//prosody
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//aiccu
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ajaxterm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//guest
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//publicfile
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//nscd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//netlabel
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//userhelper
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ntp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//portreserve
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cockpit
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//isns
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//callweaver
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rhgb
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//gpsd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//realmd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cachefilesd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//portmap
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mock
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//freeipmi
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//logging
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//squid
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//blkmapd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mojomojo
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//bcfg2
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//miscfiles
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//calamaris
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//keystone
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//vlock
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ipmievd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rhsmcertd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//qmail
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cinder
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//lircd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//snapper
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cmirrord
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//xguest
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rkhunter
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ctdb
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//thumb
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ncftool
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//pingd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//finger
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//inn
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//lvm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//certmonger
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//dbus
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cfengine
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//daemontools
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mysql
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//iptables
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mta
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//w3c
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//denyhosts
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cgroup
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sbd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//pki
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cyrus
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mon_statd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rtkit
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rpm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//dbadm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//stunnel
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//firstboot
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//zebra
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//certmaster
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//apm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//drbd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//pads
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//brctl
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//quantum
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//soundserver
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//openct
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//procmail
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mailscanner
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//plymouthd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//slpd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//irc
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//webadm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//zoneminder
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//geoclue
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sblim
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//container
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//antivirus
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//wine
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//openshift
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mplayer
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//bluetooth
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//swift
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//dhcp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//dbskk
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//entropyd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//tvtime
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cvs
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//brltty
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//kdumpgui
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//postfix
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//postgresql
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//getty
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//slocate
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//amanda
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sysstat
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//fetchmail
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//milter
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sasl
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//lldpad
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rhcs
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//logwatch
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//gitosis
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//qpid
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sectoolm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//nx
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//hostname
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//shorewall
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sysadm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rpcbind
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//openwsman
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//netutils
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//condor
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//auditadm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//fstools
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//smokeping
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//nsd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//irqbalance
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rshd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//vmware
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//pcp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//pcmcia
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//tomcat
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sge
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//openvswitch
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//games
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sssd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//setrans
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//devicekit
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mythtv
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//podsleuth
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//updfstab
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//opendnssec
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mirrormanager
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//zabbix
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//xserver
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//zosremote
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cdrecord
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//radius
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ktalk
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//xen
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sanlock
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//acct
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//authlogin
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//usbmodules
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//iscsi
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//colord
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//glusterd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//conman
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//fprintd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//tlp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//dnsmasq
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rwho
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//opensm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//base
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rpc
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//speech-dispatcher
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//glance
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mpd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//l2tp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ulogd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//gdomap
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//secadm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//jabber
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//consolekit
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//vmtools
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//dirsrv
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mozilla
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rhnsd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//puppet
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//authconfig
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//gssproxy
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//redis
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//munin
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//nagios
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cloudform
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//snort
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ricci
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//awstats
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//su
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//pcscd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//unprivuser
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rngd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sendmail
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//lsm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//kismet
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//jetty
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ninfod
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rhev
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ksmtuned
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//firewallgui
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//logrotate
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//pulseaudio
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//memcached
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ipsec
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//smartmon
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//spamassassin
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//bugzilla
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//udev
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//tangd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cpuplug
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rssh
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//samba
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//fcoe
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//dnssec
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mount
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//gnome
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//clock
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//hddtemp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//telepathy
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//raid
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cobbler
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//roundup
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//apache
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//comsat
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//watchdog
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//varnishd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//clogd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//motion
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//virt
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//openvpn
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//arpwatch
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//livecd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//nslcd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//thin
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//keyboardd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cgdcbxd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//dictd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//libraries
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//gpm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//polipo
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//oddjob
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//usernetctl
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//fail2ban
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//minidlna
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//lttng-tools
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//vhostmd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//nis
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//tcpd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//keepalived
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//blueman
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//bind
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//dmesg
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//snmp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ppp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sosreport
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//accountsd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//dovecot
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//bumblebee
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//minissdpd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//uuidd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mongodb
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//pesign
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//anaconda
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//modutils
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cipe
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ccs
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//osad
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//policykit
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//abrt
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//privoxy
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//psad
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//likewise
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rsync
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//prelink
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//init
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//targetd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mailman
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//unconfineduser
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mcelog
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//usbmuxd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//usermanage
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//tmpreaper
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rasdaemon
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cyphesis
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//openhpid
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//uml
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//pegasus
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//telnet
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//selinuxutil
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//readahead
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mediawiki
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//staff
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cron
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cpufreqselector
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//nova
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//networkmanager
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//jockey
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//chrome
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rabbitmq
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//avahi
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ptchown
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rtas
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//asterisk
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//svnserve
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//lpd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//gpg
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ddclient
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sysnetwork
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ftp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//inetd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//linuxptp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//aide
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//postgrey
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//screen
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mip6d
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//amtu
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//icecast
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//dcc
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//bootloader
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//collectd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//webalizer
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//iotop
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//freqset
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//passenger
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//man2html
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//dspam
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//obex
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//radvd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//pkcs
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//journalctl
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//couchdb
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//dmidecode
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sambagui
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//systemd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//modemmanager
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//remotelogin
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//namespace
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//openshift-origin
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//exim
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//numad
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//quota
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//bitlbee
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//userdomain
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//iodine
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//application
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//locallogin
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//alsa
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//vpn
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//hwloc
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//dirsrv-admin
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cups
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//logadm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//tgtd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//smoltclient
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//canna
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//unconfined
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sysadm_secadm
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//vnstatd
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ldap
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//hypervkvp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//piranha
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//cpucontrol
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//boinc
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//ssh
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//automount
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//seunshare
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//rlogin
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//tor
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//kdump
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//git
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//mandb
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//afs
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//unlabelednet
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules//sudo
/etc/selinux/targeted/modules
/etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active
/etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules
/etc/selinux/targeted/policy
/etc/selinux/targeted/logins
/etc/selinux/final
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/selinux/ -type d #只查看"/etc/selinux"目录下的所有目录
9>.空文件或目录
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/selinux/ -type d -empty
/etc/selinux/tmp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/disabled
/etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules
/etc/selinux/targeted/logins
/etc/selinux/final
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /etc/selinux/targeted/logins
total
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/selinux/ -type d -empty
/etc/selinux/tmp
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/disabled
/etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules
/etc/selinux/targeted/logins
/etc/selinux/final
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /etc/selinux/tmp
total
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/disabled
total
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules
total
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /etc/selinux/targeted/logins
total
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /etc/selinux/final
total
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/selinux/ -type d -empty #只查看"/etc/selinux"目录下的所有空目录
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/selinux/ -type f -empty
/etc/selinux/targeted/contexts/files/file_contexts.subs
/etc/selinux/targeted/semanage.trans.LOCK
/etc/selinux/targeted/semanage.read.LOCK
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/selinux/targeted/contexts/files/file_contexts.subs
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/selinux/targeted/semanage.trans.LOCK
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/selinux/targeted/semanage.read.LOCK
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/selinux/ -type f -empty #只查看"/etc/selinux"目录下的所有空文件
10>.组合查找
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name "*.sh" -a -user root #在"/etc"目录下查找以".sh"结尾，而且用户名是root的文件，这是逻辑与的关系。
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/-dracut-rescue-postinst.sh
/etc/profile.d/less.sh
/etc/profile.d/which2.sh
/etc/profile.d/256term.sh
/etc/profile.d/vim.sh
/etc/profile.d/colorgrep.sh
/etc/profile.d/colorls.sh
/etc/profile.d/lang.sh
/etc/dhcp/dhclient.d/chrony.sh
/etc/dhcp/dhclient-exit-hooks.d/azure-cloud.sh
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name "*.sh" -user root #匹配多个条件时默认就是逻辑与的关系
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/-dracut-rescue-postinst.sh
/etc/profile.d/less.sh
/etc/profile.d/which2.sh
/etc/profile.d/256term.sh
/etc/profile.d/vim.sh
/etc/profile.d/colorgrep.sh
/etc/profile.d/colorls.sh
/etc/profile.d/lang.sh
/etc/dhcp/dhclient.d/chrony.sh
/etc/dhcp/dhclient-exit-hooks.d/azure-cloud.sh
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name "*.sh" -user root | wc -l [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name "*.sh" -a -user root | wc -l [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name "*.sh" -a -user root #在"/etc"目录下查找以".sh"结尾，而且用户名是root的文件，这是逻辑与的关系。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name "*.sh" -a -user apache
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name "*.sh" -o -user apache #在"/etc"目录下查找以".sh"结尾，或者用户名是apache的文件，这是逻辑或的关系。
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/-dracut-rescue-postinst.sh
/etc/profile.d/less.sh
/etc/profile.d/which2.sh
/etc/profile.d/256term.sh
/etc/profile.d/vim.sh
/etc/profile.d/colorgrep.sh
/etc/profile.d/colorls.sh
/etc/profile.d/lang.sh
/etc/dhcp/dhclient.d/chrony.sh
/etc/dhcp/dhclient-exit-hooks.d/azure-cloud.sh
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -name "*.sh" -o -user apache #在"/etc"目录下查找以".sh"结尾，或者用户名是apache的文件，这是逻辑或的关系。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /etc/pki/ca-trust/
total
-rw-r--r--. root root May ca-legacy.conf
drwxr-xr-x. root root Sep : extracted
-rw-r--r--. root root May README
drwxr-xr-x. root root Sep : source
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/pki/ca-trust/ ! -name "*.conf" #查找"/etc/pki/ca-trust"不是以".conf"结尾的文件或目录。
/etc/pki/ca-trust/
/etc/pki/ca-trust/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/blacklist
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/ca-bundle.legacy.crt
/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/email-ca-bundle.pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/objsign-ca-bundle.pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/tls-ca-bundle.pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl/ca-bundle.trust.crt
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl/README
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java/cacerts
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java/README
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/pki/ca-trust/ ! -name "*.conf" #查找"/etc/pki/ca-trust"不是以".conf"结尾的文件或目录。
11>.德·摩根定律
(非 A)或 (非 B) = 非(A 且 B)
(非 A)且 (非 B) = 非(A 或 B) 示例:
!A -a !B = !(A -o B)
!A -o !B = !(A -a B)
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mkdir /etc/yinzhengjie
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# chown yinzhengjie /etc/yinzhengjie/
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# su -l yinzhengjie
Last login: Mon Sep :: EDT on pts/
[yinzhengjie@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$
[yinzhengjie@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$ touch a{..}.txt
[yinzhengjie@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$
[yinzhengjie@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$
[yinzhengjie@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$ touch /etc/yinzhengjie/httpd{..}.conf
[yinzhengjie@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$
[yinzhengjie@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$ echo "yinzhengjie.org.cn" > /etc/yinzhengjie/domain.info
[yinzhengjie@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$
[yinzhengjie@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$ ll /etc/yinzhengjie/
total
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Dec : domain.info
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Dec : httpd1.conf
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Dec : httpd2.conf
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Dec : httpd3.conf
[yinzhengjie@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$
[yinzhengjie@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]$ exit
logout
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -not \( -user root -o -user apache \) #在"/etc"目录下找到属主不是root或者apache的文件
/etc/polkit-/rules.d
/etc/yinzhengjie
/etc/yinzhengjie/httpd3.conf
/etc/yinzhengjie/httpd1.conf
/etc/yinzhengjie/httpd2.conf
/etc/yinzhengjie/domain.info
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -not \( -user root -o -user apache \) -ls
drwx------ polkitd root Sep : /etc/polkit-/rules.d
drwxr-xr-x yinzhengjie root Dec : /etc/yinzhengjie
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Dec : /etc/yinzhengjie/httpd3.conf
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Dec : /etc/yinzhengjie/httpd1.conf
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Dec : /etc/yinzhengjie/httpd2.conf
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Dec : /etc/yinzhengjie/domain.info
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -not \( -user root -o -user apache \) | wc -l [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -not \( -user root -o -user apache \) #在"/etc"目录下找到属主不是root或者apache的文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -not -user root -a -not -user apache #在"/etc"目录下递归查找属主不是root而且属主也不是apache的所有文件
/etc/polkit-/rules.d
/etc/yinzhengjie
/etc/yinzhengjie/httpd3.conf
/etc/yinzhengjie/httpd1.conf
/etc/yinzhengjie/httpd2.conf
/etc/yinzhengjie/domain.info
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -not -user root -a -not -user apache | wc -l [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -not -user root -a -not -user apache -ls
drwx------ polkitd root Sep : /etc/polkit-/rules.d
drwxr-xr-x yinzhengjie root Dec : /etc/yinzhengjie
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Dec : /etc/yinzhengjie/httpd3.conf
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Dec : /etc/yinzhengjie/httpd1.conf
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Dec : /etc/yinzhengjie/httpd2.conf
-rw-rw-r-- yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Dec : /etc/yinzhengjie/domain.info
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -not -user root -a -not -user apache #和上面的功能一样，在"/etc"目录下递归查找属主不是root而且属主也不是apache的所有文件
12>.根据文件大小来查找
-size [+|-]#UNIT
常用单位:
k, M, G，c(byte)
#UNIT: (#-, #]
如:6k 表示(5k,6k]，即查找大于5k小于等于6k的文件。
-#UNIT:[,#-]
如:-6k 表示[,6k]，即查找小于6k的文件。
+#UNIT:(#,∞)
如:+6k 表示(6k,∞)，即查找大于6k的文件。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=a.txt bs=1K count=
+ records in
+ records out
bytes ( kB) copied, 0.000461065 s, 22.2 MB/s
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=b.txt bs=1K count=
+ records in
+ records out
bytes (9.2 kB) copied, 0.000257093 s, 35.8 MB/s
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=c.txt bs=1K count=
+ records in
+ records out
bytes ( kB) copied, 0.000290539 s, 38.8 MB/s
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=d4.txt bs=1K count=
+ records in
+ records out
bytes (9.2 kB) copied, 0.000514858 s, 17.9 MB/s
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 48K
-rw-r--r-- root root 10K Dec : a.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root .0K Dec : b.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root 11K Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root .0K Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -size 10k
./a.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# echo >> b.txt #追加换行符"\n"，即增加一个字节。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 48K
-rw-r--r-- root root 10K Dec : a.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root .1K Dec : b.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root 11K Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root .0K Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -size 10k
./a.txt
./b.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -size 10k -ls #注意，size命令是模糊匹配，即匹配10k表示大于9k小于等于10k的文件。
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : ./a.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : ./b.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -size 10k -ls #注意，size命令是模糊匹配，即查找10k表示大于9k小于等于10k的文件。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -size -10k -ls #和上面不同，"-10k"表示匹配小于10k的文件哟
dr-xr-x--- root root Dec : .
-rw------- root root Sep : ./.lesshst
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.bash_profile
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : ./d4.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.tcshrc
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.cshrc
-rw------- root root Dec : ./.viminfo
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.bash_logout
drwxr----- root root Dec : ./.pki
drwxr----- root root Dec : ./.pki/nssdb
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.bashrc
-rw------- root root Dec : ./.mysql_history
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -size -10k -ls #和上面不同，"-10k"表示查找小于10k的文件哟
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll -h
total 48K
-rw-r--r-- root root 10K Dec : a.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root .1K Dec : b.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root 11K Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root .0K Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -size +10k -ls
-rw------- root root Dec : ./.bash_history
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : ./c.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# echo >> a.txt #添加一个"\n"字节
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -size +10k -ls #表示查找大于10k的文件
-rw------- root root Dec : ./.bash_history
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : ./a.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : ./c.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -size +10k -ls #表示查找大于10k的文件
13>.根据时间戳查找
以"天"为单位:
-atime(可以指定创建时间的天数范围)
#: [#,#+)
如10，表示[,)，即查找大于10天小于第11天的文件
+#: [#+,∞]
如10,表示[,∞],即查找大于10天的文件 -#: [,#)
如10,表示[,),即查找小于10天的文件
-mtime(和atime一样，也可以指定修改天数范围)
-ctime(和atime一样，也可以指定创建天数范围) 以"分钟"为单位(按照分钟和按照天数用法几乎一样，只不过单位时间不同而已，指定时间范围，如下图所示。)
-amin
-mmin
-cmin
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# useradd jason
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -mmin - -ls #表示查找1分钟之内修改的文件
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : /etc/
---------- root root Dec : /etc/shadow
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : /etc/passwd
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : /etc/group
---------- root root Dec : /etc/gshadow
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# date
Thu Dec :: EST
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find /etc/ -mmin -1 -ls #表示查找1分钟之内修改的文件
14>.根据权限查找
-perm [/|-]MODE
MODE:
精确权限匹配
/MODE:
任何一类(u,g,o)对象的权限中只要能一位匹配即可，或关系，+ 从centos7开始淘汰
-MODE:
每一类对象都必须同时拥有指定权限，与关系 表示不关注
示例:
find -perm 会匹配权限模式恰好是755的文件
只要当任意人有写权限时，find -perm +222就会匹配
只有当每个人都有写权限时，find -perm -222才会匹配
只有当其它人(other)有写权限时，find -perm -002才会匹配
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# chmod a.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm -ls #在当前目录下查找权限是640的文件
-rw-r----- root root Dec : ./a.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw-r----- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm 640 -ls #在当前目录下精确查找权限是640的文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm - -ls #权限640对应着"rw-r-----",即要求所有者必须拥有读写权限，所属组有权限，0表示不关心，即有没有权限无所谓。
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.bash_profile
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : ./d4.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.tcshrc
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.cshrc
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.bash_logout
-rw-r----- root root Dec : ./a.txt
drwxr----- root root Dec : ./.pki
drwxr----- root root Dec : ./.pki/nssdb
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.bashrc
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : ./b.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : ./c.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# chmod g-r a.txt b.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm - -ls #再次匹配时发现匹配不到a.txt和b.txt文件啦，因为这两个文件的所属组权限不满足咱们咋着条件4啦。
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.bash_profile
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : ./d4.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.tcshrc
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.cshrc
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.bash_logout
drwxr----- root root Dec : ./.pki
drwxr----- root root Dec : ./.pki/nssdb
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec ./.bashrc
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : ./c.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw----r-- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw----r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm -640 -ls #权限640对应着"rw-r-----",即要求所有者必须拥有读写权限，所属组有权限，0表示不关心，即有没有权限无所谓。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm - -ls
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw----r-- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw----r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# chmod a+w a.txt c.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw--w-rw- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw----r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-rw-rw- root root Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm - -ls #这里强制要求所有者，所属组和其他人都必须有写入权限。
-rw--w-rw- root root Dec : ./a.txt
-rw-rw-rw- root root Dec : ./c.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm -222 -ls #这里强制要求所有者，所属组和其他人都必须有写入权限。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw--w-rw- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw----r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-rw-rw- root root Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm - -ls #表示查找所有者必须有rw权限，所属组必须有r权限，其他人必须有w权限。
-rw-rw-rw- root root Dec : ./c.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm -642 -ls #表示查找所有者必须有rw权限，所属组必须有r权限，其他人必须有w权限。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw--w-r-- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw----r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-rw-rw- root root Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--rw- root root Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm / -ls #022对应的权限为"----w--w-",表示查找所属组或者其他人有写入权限的文件，即2个条件满足一个即可。
-rw-r--rw- root root Dec : ./d4.txt
-rw--w-r-- root root Dec : ./a.txt
-rw-rw-rw- root root Dec : ./c.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm /022 -ls #022对应的权限为"----w--w-",表示查找所属组或者其他人有写入权限的文件，即2个条件满足一个即可。
15>.处理动作
搜索到文件后咱们可以做相应的处理，find命令支持以下处理动作:
print:
默认的处理动作，显示至屏幕
-ls:
类似于对查找到的文件执行"ls -l"命令
-delete:
删除查找到的文件
-fls file:
查找到的所有文件的长格式信息保存至指定文件中
-ok COMMAND {} \;
对查找到的每个文件执行由COMMAND指定的命令，{}表示引用查找到的文件名称自身，"\;"表示命令执行结束标示符。ok表示对于每个文件执行命令之前，都会交互式要求用户确认。
exec COMMAND {} \;
对查找到的每个文件执行由COMMAND指定的命令，和上面到功能类似，只不过执行命令时并不会有交互式要求用户确认，虽然方便，但是我们应该注意安全使用。
{}:
用于引用查找到的文件名称自身
find传递查找到的文件至后面指定的命令时，查找到所有符合条件的文件一次性传递给后面的命令
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw--w-r-- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw----r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-rw-rw- root root Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--rw- root root Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm - -ls #将查找的文件以常列表的形式列举出来。
-rw-rw-rw- root root Dec : ./c.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm -222 -ls #将查找的文件以常列表的形式列举出来。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm - -ls
-rw-rw-rw- root root Dec : ./c.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw--w-r-- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw----r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-rw-rw- root root Dec : c.txt
-rw-r--rw- root root Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm - -delete #将查找到的文件直接删除掉
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw--w-r-- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw----r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-r--rw- root root Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm -222 -delete #将查找到的文件直接删除掉
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw--w-r-- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw----r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-r--rw- root root Dec : d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm - -ls
-rw-r--rw- root root Dec : ./d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm - -fls /root/res.log #将查找到的结果重定向到指定文件中。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat res.log
-rw-r--rw- root root Dec : ./d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm - -ls > /root/res2.log
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat res2.log
-rw-r--rw- root root Dec : ./d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm -002 -fls /root/res.log #将查找到的结果重定向到指定文件中。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw--w-r-- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw----r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-r--rw- root root Dec : d4.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : res2.log
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : res.log
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm - -ls
-rw-r--rw- root root Dec : ./d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm - -ok mv {} /tmp \;
< mv ... ./d4.txt > ? y
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw--w-r-- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw----r-- root root Dec : b.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : res2.log
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : res.log
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /tmp/d4.txt
-rw-r--rw- root root Dec : /tmp/d4.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -perm -002 -ok mv {} /tmp \; #将查找到的文件移动到"/tmp"目录下，只能移动文件不能移动目录。使用-ok语法必须使用"\;"表示命令结束，而且执行命令前还会有交互式信息呢。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : apache
-rw--w-r-- root root Dec : a.txt
-rw----r-- root root Dec : b.txt
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : nginx
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : res2.log
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : res.log
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : tomcat
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -type f -exec chmod a=rwx {} \; #在当前目录下查找所有到文件类型并授权为"rwx"
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : apache
-rwxrwxrwx root root Dec : a.txt
-rwxrwxrwx root root Dec : b.txt
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : nginx
-rwxrwxrwx root root Dec : res2.log
-rwxrwxrwx root root Dec : res.log
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : tomcat
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -type f -exec chmod a=rwx {} \; #在当前目录下查找所有到文件类型并授权为"rwx",和上面相比，不会有交互界面。
如上图所示，首先看一下我的家目录/root下被标记的文件，其次，让我们用find这个命令去做一件事情，如下图所示。
学东西要学会举一反三，我要删除30天之前的文件怎么搞呢？先闭上眼睛想一想，然后看看你跟我的操作是一样的吗？如下图所示。
三.xargs参数传递
xargs的由来:
由于很多命令不支持管道|来传递参数，而日常工作中有这个必要，所以就有了xargs命令。 xargs的功能:
xargs用于产生某个命令的参数，xargs可以读入stdin的数据，并且以空格符或回车符将stdin的数据分隔成为arguments。
有些命令不能接受过多参数，命令执行可能会失败，xargs可以解决。 注意:
文件名或者是其他意义的名词内含有空格符的情况
1>.xargs的默认处理方式
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# seq [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# seq | xargs #默认情况下，xargs可以读入stdin的数据，并且以空格符将数据分为多个arguments [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# seq 10 | xargs #默认情况下，xargs可以读入stdin的数据，并且以空格符将数据分为多个arguments
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# seq [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# seq | xargs [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# seq | xargs echo [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# seq 10 | xargs echo #和上面输出等效
2>.将上一个标准输出的参数作为在一个命令的参数传递
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# echo "/etc/fstab"
/etc/fstab
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# echo "/etc/fstab" | xargs cat #xargs可以将echo的标准输出传递给cat命令作为参数 #
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Sep ::
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(), findfs(), mount() and/or blkid() for more info
#
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root / ext4 defaults
UUID=4e7ecb93-20a7-4ced-bf95-91974fc0b66a /boot ext4 defaults
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home /home ext4 defaults
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap swap swap defaults
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/fstab #
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Sep ::
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(), findfs(), mount() and/or blkid() for more info
#
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root / ext4 defaults
UUID=4e7ecb93-20a7-4ced-bf95-91974fc0b66a /boot ext4 defaults
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home /home ext4 defaults
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap swap swap defaults
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# echo "/etc/fstab" | xargs cat #xargs可以将echo的标准输出传递给cat命令作为参数
3>."-n"参数使用
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# seq [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# seq | xargs -n [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# seq | xargs -n #可以通过"-n"来指定每行显示的最大参数个数。 [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# seq 10 | xargs -n 3 #可以通过"-n"来指定每行显示的最大参数个数。
4>.删除使用find命令找到的参数
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# touch "user name.txt"
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# touch file{..}.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : file1.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : file2.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : file3.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : user name.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : user.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mkdir nginx tomcat httpd
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : file1.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : file2.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : file3.txt
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : httpd
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : nginx
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : tomcat
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : user name.txt
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : user.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -name "*.txt" -print0 | xargs - ls
./file1.txt ./file2.txt ./file3.txt ./user name.txt ./user.txt
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -name "*.txt" -print0 | xargs - rm #删除匹配查找到到文件，注意"-print0"表示不以默认空格符来切分文件，而是使用ASCII表到0来分隔开文件，通常要和xargs到"-0"配合使用。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll
total
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : httpd
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : nginx
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : tomcat
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# find -name "*.txt" -print0 | xargs -0 rm #删除匹配查找到到文件，注意"-print0"表示不以默认空格符来切分文件，而是使用ASCII表到0来分隔开文件，通常要和xargs到"-0"（表示null）配合使用。
5>.批量创建和删除用户案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# echo user{..} | xargs -n
user1
user2
user3
user4
user5
user6
user7
user8
user9
user10
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# grep user /etc/passwd
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# echo user{..} | xargs -n useradd #可以使用该命令批量创建10个用户
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# grep user /etc/passwd
user1:x::::/home/user1:/bin/bash
user2:x::::/home/user2:/bin/bash
user3:x::::/home/user3:/bin/bash
user4:x::::/home/user4:/bin/bash
user5:x::::/home/user5:/bin/bash
user6:x::::/home/user6:/bin/bash
user7:x::::/home/user7:/bin/bash
user8:x::::/home/user8:/bin/bash
user9:x::::/home/user9:/bin/bash
user10:x::::/home/user10:/bin/bash
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# echo user{1..10} | xargs -n 1 useradd #可以使用该命令批量创建10个用户
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /home/
total
drwx------. root root Sep : lost+found
drwx------ user1 user1 Dec : user1
drwx------ user10 user10 Dec : user10
drwx------ user2 user2 Dec : user2
drwx------ user3 user3 Dec : user3
drwx------ user4 user4 Dec : user4
drwx------ user5 user5 Dec : user5
drwx------ user6 user6 Dec : user6
drwx------ user7 user7 Dec : user7
drwx------ user8 user8 Dec : user8
drwx------ user9 user9 Dec : user9
drwx------. yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Dec : yinzhengjie
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# grep user /etc/passwd
user1:x::::/home/user1:/bin/bash
user2:x::::/home/user2:/bin/bash
user3:x::::/home/user3:/bin/bash
user4:x::::/home/user4:/bin/bash
user5:x::::/home/user5:/bin/bash
user6:x::::/home/user6:/bin/bash
user7:x::::/home/user7:/bin/bash
user8:x::::/home/user8:/bin/bash
user9:x::::/home/user9:/bin/bash
user10:x::::/home/user10:/bin/bash
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# echo user{..} | xargs -n userdel -r #咱们也可以批量删除用户了
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /home/
total
drwx------. root root Sep : lost+found
drwx------. yinzhengjie yinzhengjie Dec : yinzhengjie
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# grep user /etc/passwd
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# echo user{1..10} | xargs -n 1 userdel -r #咱们也可以批量删除用户了
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat user.txt
jason100
jason200
jason300
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat user.txt | xargs -n
jason100
jason200
jason300
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat user.txt | xargs -n useradd
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# grep jason /etc/passwd
jason100:x::::/home/jason100:/bin/bash
jason200:x::::/home/jason200:/bin/bash
jason300:x::::/home/jason300:/bin/bash
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat user.txt | xargs -n userdel -r
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# grep jason /etc/passwd
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat user.txt | xargs -n 1 useradd #也可以读取文件文件内容并进行创建或删除用户
6>.查看xargs命令的帮助信息
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# xargs --help
Usage: xargs [OPTION]... COMMAND INITIAL-ARGS...
Run COMMAND with arguments INITIAL-ARGS and more arguments read from input. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
Non-mandatory arguments are indicated by [square brackets]
-, --null Items are separated by a null, not whitespace.
Disables quote and backslash processing
-a, --arg-file=FILE Read arguments from FILE, not standard input
-d, --delimiter=CHARACTER Input items are separated by CHARACTER, not by
blank space. Disables quote and backslash
processing
-E END If END occurs as a line of input, the rest of
the input is ignored.
-e [END], --eof[=END] Equivalent to -E END if END is specified.
Otherwise, there is no end-of-file string
--help Print a summary of the options to xargs.
-I R same as --replace=R (R must be specified)
-i,--replace=[R] Replace R in initial arguments with names
read from standard input. If R is
unspecified, assume {}
-L,-l, --max-lines=MAX-LINES Use at most MAX-LINES nonblank input lines per
command line
-l Use at most one nonblank input line per
command line
-n, --max-args=MAX-ARGS Use at most MAX-ARGS arguments per command
line
-P, --max-procs=MAX-PROCS Run up to max-procs processes at a time
-p, --interactive Prompt before running commands
--process-slot-var=VAR Set environment variable VAR in child
processes
-r, --no-run-if-empty If there are no arguments, run no command.
If this option is not given, COMMAND will be
run at least once.
-s, --max-chars=MAX-CHARS Limit commands to MAX-CHARS at most
--show-limits Show limits on command-line length.
-t, --verbose Print commands before executing them
--version Print the version number
-x, --exit Exit if the size (see -s) is exceeded Report bugs to <bug-findutils@gnu.org>.
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# xargs --help