问题描述
参考官方文档部署 PHP Laravel 项目到App Service for Linux环境中,但是访问应用时候遇见了500 Server Error 错误。
从部署的日志中,可以明确看出部署是成功的,那么为什么启动页面不成功呢?
问题分析
Laravel 应用程序生命周期在 public 目录中开始,而不是在应用程序的根目录(wwwroot)中开始。在Azure App Service中,所有项目的默认根目录都是wwwroot。
但是可以使用 .htaccess 来重写所有请求,使之指向 /public 而不是根目录。 在存储库根目录中,已针对此目的添加了 .htaccess。 有了它即可部署 Laravel 应用程序。
.htaccess文件(或者"分布式配置文件"),全称是Hypertext Access(超文本入口)。提供了针对目录改变配置的方法, 即,在一个特定的文档目录中放置一个包含一个或多个指令的文件, 以作用于此目录及其所有子目录。
.htaccess 详解:https://www.cnblogs.com/adforce/archive/2012/11/23/2784664.html
.htaccess 使用介绍:https://www.cnblogs.com/gyrgyr/p/10773118.html
问题解决
更改站点根路径,所选的 Web 框架可能使用子目录作为站点根路径。 例如,Laravel 使用 public/
子目录作为站点根路径。
应用服务的默认 PHP 映像使用 Apache,不允许为应用自定义站点根路径。 若要避开此限制,请将 .htaccess 文件添加到存储库根路径,并包含以下内容:
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^(.*) RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /public/$1 [NC,L,QSA] </IfModule>
以上为修改Laravel项目的根目录到 wwwroot/public中。如要指定到具体的启动页面,可以在public中加入页面名称,如 index.php。
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteBase / RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^(.*) RewriteRule ^(.*)$ public/index.php?/$1 [L] </IfModule>
参考资料
App Service PHP laravel 更改站点根路径: https://docs.azure.cn/zh-cn/app-service/configure-language-php?pivots=platform-linux#change-site-root
在 Azure 应用服务中生成 PHP 和 MySQL 应用: https://docs.azure.cn/zh-cn/app-service/tutorial-php-mysql-app?pivots=platform-linux
Laravel Lifecycle Overview: https://laravel.com/docs/5.4/lifecycle
First Things
The entry point for all requests to a Laravel application is the
public/index.php
file. All requests are directed to this file by your web server (Apache / Nginx) configuration. Theindex.php
file doesn't contain much code. Rather, it is simply a starting point for loading the rest of the framework.
Apache's mod_rewrite: http://www.datakoncepts.com/seo or https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_rewrite.html
The mod_rewrite
module uses a rule-based rewriting engine, based on a PCRE regular-expression parser, to rewrite requested URLs on the fly. By default, mod_rewrite
maps a URL to a filesystem path. However, it can also be used to redirect one URL to another URL, or to invoke an internal proxy fetch.
mod_rewrite
provides a flexible and powerful way to manipulate URLs using an unlimited number of rules. Each rule can have an unlimited number of attached rule conditions, to allow you to rewrite URL based on server variables, environment variables, HTTP headers, or time stamps.
mod_rewrite
operates on the full URL path, including the path-info section. A rewrite rule can be invoked in httpd.conf
or in .htaccess
. The path generated by a rewrite rule can include a query string, or can lead to internal sub-processing, external request redirection, or internal proxy throughput.