作者：马 岩（Furzoom） （http://www.cnblogs.com/furzoom/）
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Primitive Built-in Types

Type	Implication	Minimum  storage space
bool	boolean	NA
char	character	8 bits
wchar_t	wide character	16 bits
short	short integer	16 bits
int	integer	16 bits
long	long integer	32 bits
float	single-precision floating-point	6 significant digits
double	double-precision floating-point	10 significant digits
long double	extended-precision floating-point	10 significant digits

Integral types (except the boolean type) may be either signed or unsigned

Unlike other integral types, there are three distict types for char:

plain char equals to char

signed char

unsigned char