用docker弹性部署自己的服务

  很久不看docker的东西了,之前了解的一些基本命令都忘得差不多了,适逢工作需要,再来复习巩固下。今天想完成的是:借助docker不部署下自己的服务。
  
  环境准备
  
  都说“巧妇难为无米之炊”,所以还是需要先准备下的。
  
  OS:Ubuntu 16.04, 2G内存
  
  docker:1.13.2
  
  coding language: golang (gin web framework)
  
  编码
  
  将服务跑起来,是我们要完成的第一个步骤,而且是最重要的一个步骤。所以这一步需要仔细调试,为了方便,我就写的简单点。
  
  app.go
  
  package main
  
  import (
  
  "os"
  
  "log"
  
  "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
  
  "net/http"
  
  "time"
  
  )
  
  func GetHostName() string {
  
  hostname, err := os.Hostname()
  
  if err != nil {
  
  log.Fatal(err)
  
  }
  
  return hostname
  
  }
  
  func GetCurrentTime() string {
  
  timer := time.Now()
  
  return timer.String()
  
  }
  
  func startGinApp() {
  
  app := gin.Default()
  
  app.GET("/ping", func(context *gin.Context) {
  
  context.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
  
  "message": "当前为您服务的主机为:" + GetHostName(),
  
  })
  
  })
  
  app.GET("/", func(context *gin.Context) {
  
  context.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
  
  "message": "当前时间为:" + GetCurrentTime(),
  
  })
  
  })
  
  app.Run(":8080")
  
  }
  
  func main() {
  
  startGinApp()
  
  把服务跑起来
  
  go run app.go
  
  1
  
  curl一下看看服务是否正确跑起来了
  
  ➜ gin curl http://localhost:8080
  
  {"message":"当前时间为:2018-10-14 11:31:23.016121853 +0800 CST m=+0.254631109"}%
  
  ➜ gin curl http://localhost:8080/ping
  
  制作Makefile
  
  经过刚才的测试,代码可以正确跑起来了。但是要做到“一次编码,到处运行”,还是需要在构建阶段下点心思的,为了更好的维护,借助Makefile来规范构建过程,是比较合适的方法。
  
  Makefile
  
  # 这个是注释
  
  # 开头可以声明一大堆变量名
  
  BUILD_NAME ?= httpserver
  
  COMPILER ?= go
  
  BUILD ?= build
  
  # 上方留一个空格,区分变量区和构建区
  
  all: build test deploy clean
  
  build:
  
  CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 $(COMPILER) $(BUILD) -o $(BUILD_NAME)
  
  test:
  
  echo "test over."
  
  deploy:
  
  echo "deploy over."
  
  clean:
  
  echo "clean over."
  
  .PHONY: build test deploy clean
  
  构建服务
  
  ➜ gin ls
  
  Makefile app.go
  
  ➜ gin make all
  
  go build -o httpserver
  
  echo "test over."
  
  test over.
  
  echo "deploy over."
  
  deploy over.
  
  echo "clean over."
  
  clean over.
  
  ➜ gin ls
  
  Makefile app.go httpserver
  
  ➜ gin ./httpserver &
  
  [1] 6450
  
  ➜ gin [GIN-debug] [WARNING] Creating an Engine instance with the Logger and Recovery middleware already attached.
  
  [GIN-debug] [WARNING] Running in "debug" mode. Switch to "release" mode in production.
  
  - using env: export GIN_MODE=release
  
  - using code: gin.SetMode(gin.ReleaseMode)
  
  [GIN-debug] GET /ping --> main.startGinApp.func1 (3 handlers)
  
  [GIN-debug] GET / --> main.startGinApp.func2 (3 handlers)
  
  [GIN-debug] Listening and serving HTTP on :8080
  
  ➜ gin curl http://localhost:8080/ping
  
  [GIN] 2018/10/14 - 11:50:23 | 200 | 214.161µs | ::1 | GET /ping
  
  {"message":"当前为您服务的主机为:BiaodeMacBook-Pro.local"}%
  
  ➜ gin
  
  好了基本没什么问题,然后就可以通过scp命令将文件拷贝到linux服务器上了。
  
  制作Dockerfile
  
  由于golang构建出来的是二进制可执行程序,所以制作Dockerfile很简单。
  
  Dockerfile
  
  FROM ubuntu:latest
  
  MAINTAINER guopu marksinoberg@gmail.com
  
  WORKDIR /app
  
  EXPOSE 8080
  
  ADD . /app
  
  CMD ["./httpserver"]
  
  构建自己的镜像
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# docker images
  
  REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
  
  ginserver latest 6277a0180f4f 19 hours ago 101 MB
  
  flaskindocker latest 170c6c0a41db 22 hours ago 131 MB
  
  python 2.7-slim 14dad3ead5f4 4 days ago 120 MB
  
  docker/compose 1.23.0-rc2 dc59a0b5e981 5 days ago 45.6 MB
  
  ubuntu latest cd6d8154f1e1 5 weeks ago 84.1 MB
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# docker build -t httpserver .
  
  Sending build context to Docker www.tygj178.com daemon 17.07 MB
  
  Step 1/6 : FROM ubuntu:latest
  
  ---> cd6d8154f1e1
  
  Step 2/6 : MAINTAINER guopu marksinoberg@gmail.com
  
  ---> Running in 7106748df3ad
  
  ---> 0ae808029537
  
  Removing intermediate container 7106748df3ad
  
  Step 3/6 : WORKDIR /app
  
  ---> 7278bf9659e7
  
  Removing intermediate container f7fdc76b19a8
  
  Step 4/6 : EXPOSE 8080
  
  ---> Running in bedfabcb4b16
  
  ---> edf4c123f72f
  
  Removing intermediate container bedfabcb4b16
  
  Step 5/6 : ADD . www.ysyl157.com /app
  
  ---> 36390e554a2f
  
  Removing intermediate container b14cce9da53e
  
  Step 6/6 : CMD ./httpserver
  
  ---> Running in 6682c8364717
  
  ---> b490fef8a9ca
  
  Removing intermediate container 6682c8364717
  
  Successfully built b490fef8a9ca
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/ www.xinghenyule.com d/httpserver# docker images
  
  REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
  
  httpserver latest b490fef8a9ca 4 seconds ago 101 MB
  
  ginserver latest 6277a0180f4f 19 hours ago 101 MB
  
  flaskindocker latest 170c6c0a41db 22 hours ago 131 MB
  
  python 2.7-slim 14dad3ead5f4 4 days ago 120 MB
  
  docker/compose 1.23.0-rc2 dc59a0b5e981 5 days ago 45.6 MB
  
  ubuntu latest cd6d8154f1e1 5 weeks ago 84.1 MB
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver#
  
  让服务在docker中跑起来
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# docker run -d -p 8000:8080 httpserver
  
  ebb1926206cdaf16eae9f4e13d5a7e70dd695da91463b438f77e45c6f65d3323
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# docker ps
  
  CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
  
  ebb1926206cd httpserver ".www.dfgjpt.com /httpserver" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:8000->8080/tcp nostalgic_wright
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# curl http://localhost:8000/ping
  
  {"message":"当前为您服务的主机为:ebb1926206cd"}~
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# curl http://localhost:8000/
  
  {"message":"当前时间为:2018-10-14 04:14:29.116207751 +0000 UTC"}~
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver#
  
  12
  
  至此,看起来服务已经成功在服务器环境下的docker中运行了。
  
  弹性服务
  
  一个容器跑一个服务,有些服务访问峰差很大的场景,就需要做下弹性适配,于是需要用一下docker swarm服务。这个在linux环境下需要进行安装。具体可以参考官网链接: https://github.com/docker/compose/releases
  
  其运行以来一个YAML配置文件,具体细节不多说,上手吧。
  
  docker-compose.yml
  
  version: "3"
  
  services:
  
  web:
  
  image: httpserver:latest
  
  deploy:
  
  replicas: 5
  
  resources:
  
  limits:
  
  cpus: "0.1"
  
  memory: 50M
  
  restart_policy:
  
  condition: on-www.yinmaoyule178.com faliure
  
  ports:
  
  - "8000:8080"
  
  networks:
  
  - webnet
  
  networks:
  
  webnet:
  
  初始化swarm
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# docker swarm init
  
  Swarm initialized: current node www.ylouyi3.com(atiuy6c8k1qcig5w3br1bwf0n) is now a manager.
  
  To add a worker to this swarm, run the following command:
  
  docker swarm join \
  
  --token SWMTKN-1-5e0sj0glbwl5w5rqytyqokeg91n7piwdyw9ik598x0poiz5s20-do445zhrdr5io93lplov42c2y \
  
  172.31.237.68:2377
  
  To add a manager to this swarm, run 'docker swarm join-token manager' and follow the instructions.
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver#
  
  发布服务到swarm中
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# docker stack deploy -c docker-compose.yml httpserver
  
  Creating service httpserver_web
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver#
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver#
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver#
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# docker stack ps httpserver
  
  ID NAME IMAGE NODE DESIRED STATE CURRENT STATE ERROR PORTS
  
  kvpvwptlj44c httpserver_web.1 httpserver:latest Server218 Running Running 14 seconds ago
  
  6549g79dz5iz httpserver_web.2 httpserver:latest Server218 Running Running 14 seconds ago
  
  xkz42mnetmws httpserver_web.3 httpserver:latest Server218 Running Running 14 seconds ago
  
  rpziwzmpogn2 httpserver_web.4 httpserver:latest Server218 Running Running 14 seconds ago
  
  y2kfe8bp09ld httpserver_web.5 httpserver:latest Server218 Running Running 6 seconds ago
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# curl http://localhost:8000/ping
  
  {"message":"当前为您服务的主机为:a5419e3d3f9c"}~
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# curl http://localhost:8000/ping
  
  {"message":"当前为您服务的主机为:f636819bd9c4"}~
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# curl http://localhost:8000/ping
  
  {"message":"当前为您服务的主机为:97a6e3c9a064"}~
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# curl http://localhost:8000/ping
  
  {"message":"当前为您服务的主机为:7f1b28e14970"}~
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# curl http://localhost:8000/ping
  
  {"message":"当前为您服务的主机为:0ce251661188"}~
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# curl http://localhost:8000/ping
  
  {"message":"当前为您服务的主机为:a5419e3d3f9c"}~
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver#
  
  实例弹性变化
  
  具体的操作只需要修改docker-compose.yml中的replicas的数量即可。然后重新使用:
  
  docker stack deploy -c docker-compose.yml httpserver
  
  1
  
  发布就可以了,可以看出swarm管理下的实例会进行自动的负载均衡。
  
  关停服务
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# docker stack ls
  
  NAME SERVICES
  
  httpserver 1
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# docker stack rm httpserver
  
  Removing service httpserver_web
  
  Removing network httpserver_webnet
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# docker stack ls
  
  NAME SERVICES
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver#
  
  关掉swarm
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# docker swarm leave --force
  
  Node left the swarm.
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver#
  
  总结
  
  最后,回头看看这个目录。
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver# ls -al
  
  total 16688
  
  drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 14 12:20 ./
  
  drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Oct 14 12:00 ../
  
  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 121 Oct 14 12:11 Dockerfile
  
  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 362 Oct 14 12:01 Makefile
  
  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 682 Oct 14 12:01 app.go
  
  -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 385 Oct 14 12:27 docker-compose.yml
  
  -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 17063672 Oct 14 12:03 httpserver*
  
  root@Server218 /h/d/g/d/httpserver#

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