Web API接口之FileReader

Web API接口之FileReader

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-->

0、导言

在给网站编写 JavaScript 代码时,也有很多可用的 API。 WEB API 参考

1、FileReader

使用FileReader对象,web应用程序可以异步的读取存储在用户计算机上的文件(或者原始数据缓冲)内容。兼容IE10+,FF和Chrome。Safari和Opera不支持。

2、如何读取文件?

var readFile = function(file, callback) {
var fileReader = new FileReader(); //实例化FileReader
fileReader.onloadend = function() { //加载完成后执行
var result = null;
if (fileReader.readyState === FileReader.DONE) { //判断操作是否完成
result = fileReader.result; //获取结果
}
if (callback) {
callback(result);
}
};
fileReader.readAsBinaryString(file); //以二进制的方式读取文件
};

调用的话,就可以通过如下代码调用

readFile(file, function(result){
// do something
});

其中file既可以是blob对象也可以是一个File对象。一般我们常用的是File对象,如何来获取一个简单的File对象呢?

<input type="file" id="file_input">

JS:

var fileEl = document.getElementById('#file_input');
var file = fileEl.files[0]; //files是数组对象

3、FileReader API

方法

  1. void abort();
  2. void readAsArrayBuffer(in Blob blob);
  3. void readAsBinaryString(in Blob blob);
  4. void readAsDataURL(in Blob blob);
  5. void readAsText(in Blob blob, [optional] in DOMString encoding);

其中1是终止读取操作,2~4是将数据读取为不同的格式。

状态常量

  1. EMPTY 还没有加载任何数据
  2. LOADING 数据正在被加载
  3. DONE 已完成全部的读取请求

属性(属性全部都是只读的)

  1. error 读取文件时发生的错误
  2. readyState FileReader对象的当前状态
  3. result 读取到的文件内容

4、用途

  1. 客户端校验文件内容
  2. 预览图片
  3. 客户端导出

5、参考文档

  1. MDN - Blob
  2. MDN - FileReader

6、后续补充

2016-2-17日追加

FileReader的API方法readAsBinaryString在IE11中无法使用,为了兼容IE11,我们需要使用另外的API或者使用猴子补丁的方式实现该API。

参考http://*.com/questions/31391207/javascript-readasbinarystring-function-on-e11

补丁代码如下:

javascript if(!FileReader.prototype.readAsBinaryString){ FileReader.prototype.readAsBinaryString = function (blob) { var binary = ''; var self = this; var reader = new FileReader(); reader.onload = function(e){ var bytes = new Uint8Array(reader.result); var length = bytes.byteLength; for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) { binary += String.fromCharCode(bytes[i]); } self.result = binary; $(pt).trigger('onload'); }; reader.readAsArrayBuffer(blob); } }

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