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软件行业发展到今天,国际化问题一直都占据非常重要的位置,而且应该越来越被重视。对于开发人员而言,在编写程序之前,国际化问题是首先要考虑的一个问题,也许有时候这个问题已经在设计者的考虑范围之内,但终归要开发人员去做实现的。因此,如何实现国际化,是开发人员必须掌握的一项基本技能。
    今天,这里要讲的就是,在利用C#进行WinForm开发时,国际化是怎么实现的。鉴于时间及篇幅关系,这里仅仅介绍一种简单的国际化实现方法,可能这里提到的方法已经有非常多人提到过,但笔者还是不厌其烦地介绍一下。
    要在C#中实现国际化,需要相关资源文件,比如要在一个软件中支持英文、中文两种语言,那么就必须有这两种语言的资源文件,这在C#中可以采用资源文件(后缀名为.resx)来实现,我们不妨定义英文资源文件名称为Resource.en-US,中文资源文件名称为Resource.zh-CN,两种资源文件所涉及的ID都应该是一样的(这对于其他更多的资源文件均是一样的),只不过是展示的名称不同罢了。
    有了这两种资源文件,接下来就要考虑如何做的问题了。为了适应多处使用的情形,这里笔者单独编写了一个类ResourceCulture,该类包含了一些静态方法,主要作用是用来设置当前语言及返回当前的语言的相关字符串。该类代码如下:

deep learning3
 1 using System.Reflection;
 2 using System.Resources;
 3 using System.Threading;
 4 using System.Globalization;
 5 
 6 namespace GlobalizationTest
 7 {
 8     class ResourceCulture
 9     {
10         /// <summary>
11         /// Set current culture by name
12         /// </summary>
13         /// <param name="name">name</param>
14         public static void SetCurrentCulture(string name)
15         {
16             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
17             {
18                 name = "en-US";
19             }
20 
21             Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new CultureInfo(name);
22         }
23 
24          //http://www.cnblogs.com/roucheng/
25         /// <summary>
26         /// Get string by id
27         /// </summary>
28         /// <param name="id">id</param>
29         /// <returns>current language string</returns>
30         public static string GetString(string id)
31         {
32             string strCurLanguage = "";
33 
34             try
35             {
36                 ResourceManager rm = new ResourceManager("GlobalizationTest.Resource", Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
37                 CultureInfo ci = Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;
38                 strCurLanguage = rm.GetString(id, ci);
39             }
40             catch
41             {
42                 strCurLanguage = "No id:" + id + ", please add.";
43             }
44 
45             return strCurLanguage;
46         }
47     }
48 }
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在Form1中的代码如下:

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 1 /**
 2  * This project is just a example to show how to do the globalization in C# winform.
 3  * You and rebuild and/or modify it by yourself if you want.
 4  * Specially, this project was created in Visual Studio 2010.
 5  *  http://www.cnblogs.com/roucheng/
 6  * Project Name : GlobalizationTest
 7  * Create Date  : April 29th, 2010
 8  * */
 9 
10 using System;
11 using System.Windows.Forms;
12 
13 namespace GlobalizationTest
14 {
15     public partial class Form1 : Form
16     {
17         public Form1()
18         {
19             InitializeComponent();
20         }
21 
22         /// <summary>
23         /// Set the resource culture
24         /// </summary>
25         private void SetResourceCulture()
26         {
27             // Set the form title text
28             this.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_frmText");
29 
30             // Set the groupbox text
31             this.gbLanguageView.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_gbLanguageViewText");
32             this.gbLanguageSelection.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_gbLanguageSelectionText");
33 
34             // Set the label text
35             this.lblCurLanguageText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblCurLanguageText");
36             this.lblNameText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblNameText");
37             this.lblPhoneText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblPhoneText");    
38 
39             // Set the button text
40             this.btnMsgShow.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_btnMsgShowText");
41 
42             // Set radiobutton text
43             this.rbEnglish.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_EnglishText");
44             this.rbChinese.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_ChineseText");
45 
46             // Set the current language text
47             if (rbEnglish.Checked)
48             {
49                 this.lblCurLanguage.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_EnglishText");
50             }
51             else if (rbChinese.Checked)
52             {
53                 this.lblCurLanguage.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_ChineseText");
54             }
55         }
56 
57         private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
58         {
59             // Set the default language
60             ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("en-US");
61 
62             this.SetResourceCulture();
63         }
64 
65         private void btnMsgShow_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
66         {
67             if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtName.Text))
68             {
69                 MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_nameText"), ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"), 
70                     MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation);
71                 return;
72             }
73 
74             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtPhone.Text))
75             {
76                 MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_phoneText"), ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"), 
77                     MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation);
78                 return;
79             }
80 
81             MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_InfoText") + txtName.Text + ", " + txtPhone.Text,
82                 ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"), MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
83         }
84 
85         private void rbEnglish_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
86         {
87             ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("en-US");
88             this.SetResourceCulture();
89         }
90 
91         private void rbChinese_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
92         {
93             ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("zh-CN");
94             this.SetResourceCulture();
95         }
96     }
97 }
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最终的效果如下图1和图2所示:
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图1

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图2

    归结起来,要在C#的WinForm中实现国际化,至少需要做好以下几点:
(1)准备所需资源文件(如本文中提到的英文和中文资源文件);
(2)引入命名空间(包括:System.Reflection、System.Resources、System.Threading和System.Globalization);
(3)实例化资源管理器(即ResourceManager);
(4)设置当前进程的语言区域;
(5)通过资源管理器从指定的资源文件中获取所需值。
    通过上述的方法即可简单实现国际化。

deep learning3

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