Flutter混合开发(二):iOS项目集成Flutter模块详细指南

前一篇文章讲解了Android原生工程如何集成Flutter项目的具体过程,Flutter混合开发(一):Android项目集成Flutter模块详细指南 ,本篇将带着大家来一起学习原生iOS项目如何集成Flutter。

因为每个版本的集成逻辑都是有差别的,所以这里交代下本篇文章的集成版本:

Flutter (channel dev,v1.10.16)

dart (v2.7.0)

Xcode (v11.2)

cocoapds (1.8.4)

创建Flutter module

===================================================================================

假如iOS项目的路径是这样的:flutter/flutter_hybrid/iOS Project,那么我们需要在iOS Project上一层目录flutter_hybrid中创建Flutter module。

cd flutter/flutter_hybrid/

flutter create -t module flutter_module

输入后控制台打印如下:

$ flutter create -t module flutter_module

Creating project flutter_module…

flutter_module/test/widget_test.dart (created)

flutter_module/flutter_module.iml (created)

flutter_module/.gitignore (created)

flutter_module/.metadata (created)

flutter_module/pubspec.yaml (created)

flutter_module/README.md (created)

flutter_module/lib/main.dart (created)

flutter_module/flutter_module_android.iml (created)

flutter_module/.idea/libraries/Flutter_for_Android.xml (created)

flutter_module/.idea/libraries/Dart_SDK.xml (created)

flutter_module/.idea/modules.xml (created)

flutter_module/.idea/workspace.xml (created)

Running “flutter pub get” in flutter_module… 1.2s

Wrote 12 files.

All done!

Your module code is in flutter_module/lib/main.dart.

看到All done就表示我们项目创建好了。整个module目录和原生Flutter基本一样,主要就是Android、iOS的宿主工程和lib目录以及pubspec.yaml文件。

添加Flutter module依赖

=====================================================================================

为iOS项目添加依赖需要使用CocoaPods,如果你还没有用到CocoaPods,可以参考https://cocoapods.org/上面的说明来安装CocoaPods。

如果你的项目之前没有使用过cocoapods,那么需要进行初始化生成podfile文件,进入iOS项目的根目录执行:

pod init

然后打开podfile文件,进行配置:

配置

flutter_application_path = ‘…/flutter_module/’

load File.join(flutter_application_path, ‘.ios’, ‘Flutter’, ‘podhelper.rb’)

target ‘iOSFlutterHybrid’ do

Comment the next line if you don’t want to use dynamic frameworks

use_frameworks!

Pods for iOSFlutterHybrid

配置

install_all_flutter_pods(flutter_application_path)

target ‘iOSFlutterHybridTests’ do

inherit! :search_paths

Pods for testing

end

target ‘iOSFlutterHybridUITests’ do

Pods for testing

end

配置添加好后在项目根目录运行以下命令进行安装:

pod install

控制台输出:

Analyzing dependencies

Downloading dependencies

Installing Flutter (1.0.0)

Installing FlutterPluginRegistrant (0.0.1)

Installing flutter_module (0.0.1)

Generating Pods project

Integrating client project

[!] Please close any current Xcode sessions and use iOSFlutterHybrid.xcworkspace for this project from now on.

Pod installation complete! There are 3 dependencies from the Podfile and 3 total pods installed.

[!] Automatically assigning platform iOS with version 13.2 on target iOSFlutterHybrid because no platform was specified. Please specify a platform for this target in your Podfile. See https://guides.cocoapods.org/syntax/podfile.html#platform.

这里我们看到有三个依赖安装完成了。并提醒我们关闭当前项目,在根目录下面使用iOSFlutterHybrid.xcworkspace来打开运行项目。这里可能很多人在执行命令的时候会发现提示0个依赖完成。这里有可能是你的Xcode版本的问题。因为Flutter要求最低版本是10.2及以上。

当在flutter_module/pubspec.yaml中添加一个Flutter插件时,需要在flutter_module目录下运行:

flutter packages get

来刷新podhelper.rb脚本中的插件列表,然后在iOS目录下运行:

pod install

这样podhelper.rb脚本才能确保添加的插件和Flutter.framework能够添加到iOS项目中。

目前Flutter还不支持Bitcode,所以集成了Flutter的iOS项目需要禁用Bitcode。

在以下路径下找到Bitcode并禁用:

Build Settings->Build Options->Enable Bitcode

Flutter混合开发(二):iOS项目集成Flutter模块详细指南

flutter以前的版本是需要添加build phase以构建Dart代码,但是最新的版本已经不需要添加了,可以自动构建。

调用Flutter module

===================================================================================

Flutter为我们提供了两种调用方式:FlutterViewController和FlutterEngine,FlutterEngine在使用的时候会有一些问题,将在下文进行说明。

FlutterViewController方式:

我们打开ViewController.m文件,在里面添加一个加载flutter页面的方法并且添加一个按钮看来调用:

#import “ViewController.h”

#import <Flutter/Flutter.h>

#import “AppDelegate.h”

@interface ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController

  • (void)viewDidLoad {

[super viewDidLoad];

UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];

[button addTarget:self action:@selector(handleButtonAction) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

[button setTitle:@“加载Flutter” forState:UIControlStateNormal];

[button setBackgroundColor:[UIColor blueColor]];

button.frame = CGRectMake(100, 100, 160, 60);

[self.view addSubview:button];

}

  • (void)handleButtonAction{

FlutterViewController *flutterViewController =[FlutterViewController new];

//设置路由参数

[flutterViewController setInitialRoute:@“route2”];

[self presentViewController:flutterViewController animated:false completion:nil];

}

@end

当我们运行项目点击加载Flutetr按钮时,将会调用Flutter页面。和Android项目集成一样,这里的setInitialRoute可以设置一个json数组来传递需要交互的参数。并在Flutter中使用window.defaultRouteName来获取传递的参数。

FlutterEngine方式:

我们需要在AppDelegate中对FlutterEngine进行初始化。打开AppDelegate.h文件:

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

#import <Flutter/Flutter.h>

@interface AppDelegate : FlutterAppDelegate

@property (nonatomic,strong) FlutterEngine *flutterEngine;

@end

在打开AppDelegate.m文件:

// 如果你需要用到Flutter插件时

#import <FlutterPluginRegistrant/GeneratedPluginRegistrant.h>

#include “AppDelegate.h”

@implementation AppDelegate

  • (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application

didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {

self.flutterEngine = [[FlutterEngine alloc] initWithName:@“io.flutter” project:nil];

[self.flutterEngine runWithEntrypoint:nil];

[GeneratedPluginRegistrant registerWithRegistry:self.flutterEngine]; //如果你需要用到Flutter插件时

return [super application:application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:launchOptions];

}

@end

然后在ViewController.m文件定义的handleButtonAction中调用:

  • (void)handleButtonAction{

FlutterEngine *flutterEngine = [(AppDelegate *)[[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate] flutterEngine];

FlutterViewController *flutterViewController = [[FlutterViewController alloc] initWithEngine:flutterEngine nibName:nil bundle:nil];

[flutterViewController setInitialRoute:@“route2”];

[self presentViewController:flutterViewController animated:false completion:nil];

}

当我们运行项目点击加载Flutter按钮时,将会调用Flutter页面。前文讲到使用FlutterEngine会有问题,就是我们setInitialRoute传递的参数在flutter中永远获取到的都是 “/” ,这个是Fltter SDK的一个Bug,所以如果必须依赖setInitialRoute,还是使用FlutterViewController的形式来加载Flutter模块。

热重启/重新加载

===========================================================================

大家在写纯Flutter应用的时候,知道是有热重启/重新加载功能的,但是在做混合开发的过程中,你会发现热重启/重新加载功能失效了。那么如何在混合开发中开启热重启/重新加载功能呢?

  • 首先接入我们的设备或者模拟器

  • 将我们的App关闭,退出后台,在terminal中运行 flutter attach命令

$ flutter attach

Waiting for a connection from Flutter on Android SDK built for x86…

复制代码此时就在等待设备的连接。这里要注意的是,如果电脑连接了多台设备需要使用 -d 命令来指定一台设备,参数为设备的id。

flutter attach -d ‘你的设备id’

然后启动我们的应用会看到控制台输出:

Done.

Syncing files to device Android SDK built for x86… 1,393ms

上一篇:Vue 多组件 resize


下一篇:Ioc容器和依赖注入DI及其对象三种生命周期分析