scrapy_电影天堂多页数据和图片下载

2023-10-15 12:59:28

嵌套的爬取

先获取第一页的标题

点击标题到第二页的图片url

1、创建项目

> scrapy startproject scrapy_movie_099

2、创建爬虫文件

spiders>scrapy genspider mv https: //www.dytt8.net/html/gndy/china/index.html

3、测试

5、运行

spiders> scrapy crawl mv

①、定义数据结构

②、分析xpath

运行

spiders> scrapy crawl mv

分析第二页的地址

运行

spiders> scrapy crawl mv

测试

分析第二页的地址

测试xpath，有些span标签识别不了。调试修改成 //div[@id="Zoom"]//img/@src

测试

查看转到定义request

meta是个字典

导入数据结构类

movie返回个管道

settings中开启管道

pipeline管道的封装

运行

spiders> scrapy crawl mv

项目文件

爬虫核心文件mv.py

import scrapy

from scrapy_movie_099.items import ScrapyMovie099Item

class MvSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'mv'
    allowed_domains = ['www.dytt8.net']
    start_urls = ['https://www.dytt8.net/html/gndy/china/index.html']

    def parse(self, response):
#         要第一个的名字 和 第二页的图片
        a_list = response.xpath('//div[@class="co_content8"]//td[2]//a[2]')

        for a in a_list:
            # 获取第一页的name 和 要点击的链接
            name = a.xpath('./text()').extract_first()
            href = a.xpath('./@href').extract_first()

            # 第二页的地址是
            url = 'https://www.dytt8.net' + href


            # 对第二页的链接发起访问
            yield  scrapy.Request(url=url,callback=self.parse_second,meta={'name':name})

    def parse_second(self,response):
        # 注意 如果拿不到数据的情况下  一定检查你的xpath语法是否正确
        src = response.xpath('//div[@id="Zoom"]//img/@src').extract_first()
        # 接受到请求的那个meta参数的值
        name = response.meta['name']

        movie = ScrapyMovie099Item(src=src,name=name)

        yield movie

items.py自定义结构类

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy


class ScrapyMovie099Item(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # name = scrapy.Field()
    name = scrapy.Field()
    src = scrapy.Field()

settings.py基本配置。robots协议配置，管道配置

# Scrapy settings for scrapy_movie_099 project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'scrapy_movie_099'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['scrapy_movie_099.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'scrapy_movie_099.spiders'


# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = 'scrapy_movie_099 (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'scrapy_movie_099.middlewares.ScrapyMovie099SpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'scrapy_movie_099.middlewares.ScrapyMovie099DownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   'scrapy_movie_099.pipelines.ScrapyMovie099Pipeline': 300,
}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'

pipelines.py管道功能

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html


# useful for handling different item types with a single interface
from itemadapter import ItemAdapter


class ScrapyMovie099Pipeline:

    def open_spider(self,spider):
        self.fp = open('movie.json','w',encoding='utf-8')


    def process_item(self, item, spider):

        self.fp.write(str(item))
        return item


    def close_spider(self,spider):
        self.fp.close()

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