基本语法

read [-p prompt] [variable1 variable2...]
-p：输出提示信息
-t：超时时间
-s：隐藏读取，不显示用户输入内容

例子

#! /bin/bash

read -p "Enter your name, please: " username

read -p "Enter your email, please: " email

read -p "Are you sure to continue? [y/n] " input

case $input in
        [yY]*)
                echo "Your name is $username"
                echo "Your email is $email"
                ;;
        [nN]*)
                exit
                ;;
        *)
                echo "Just enter y or n, please."
                exit
                ;;
esac

效果

例子

#! /bin/bash

password=‘‘

echo -n "Enter password: "

# 使用 while 循环隐式地从标准输入每次读取一个字符，且反斜杠不做转义字符处理
# 然后将读取的字符赋值给变量 char
while IFS= read -r -s -n1 char
do
    # 如果读入的字符为空，则退出 while 循环
    if [ -z $char ]
    then
        echo
        break
    fi
    # 如果输入的是退格或删除键，则移除一个字符
    if [[ $char == $‘\x08‘ || $char == $‘\x7f‘ ]]
    then
        [[ -n $password ]] && password=${password:0:${#password}-1}
        printf ‘\b \b‘
    else
        password+=$char
        printf ‘*‘
    fi
done

echo "Password is: $password"

Shell获取用户输入