第一步：定义一个类,继承forms.Form
第二步：在类中写字段，要校验的字段，字段属性就是校验规则
第三步：实例化得到一个Form对象，把要校验的数据传入
第四步：调用register_form.is_valid()校验，校验通过就是True
第五步：校验通过有register_form.cleaned_data
第六步：校验不通过 register_form.errors
校验字段
#定义类
from django import forms
from django.forms import widgets
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
class RegisterForm(forms.Form):
name = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, label='用户名')
password = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, label='密码')
re_password = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, label='确认密码')
email = forms.EmailField(label='邮箱')
#在视图中使用
register_form = RegisterForm(request.POST)
if register_form.is_valid():
# 校验通过，存
# 取出校验通过的数据
print('校验通过')
print(register_form.cleaned_data)
else:
# 校验不通过
print('校验不通过')
print(register_form.errors)
渲染标签
方式一
<h2>通过form自动渲染一</h2>
<form action="" method="post">
<p>用户名 {{ form.name }}</p>
<p>密码 {{ form.password }}</p>
<p>确认密码 {{ form.re_password }}</p>
<p>邮箱 {{ form.email }}</p>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
方式二
<h2>通过form自动渲染二(基本用这种)</h2>
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
{% for item in form %}
<div class="form-group">
<p>{{ item.label }}{{ item }}
<span style="color: red">{{ item.errors.0 }}</span>
</p>
</div>
{% endfor %}
<input type="submit" value="提交">
<span style="color: red">{{ error }}
</span>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
方式三
<h2>通过form自动渲染三</h2>
<form action="" method="post">
{{ form.as_p }}
{# {{ form.as_table }}#}
{# {{ form.as_ul }}#}
</form>
渲染错误信息
前端
<h2>通过form自动渲染二(基本用这种)</h2>
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
{% for item in form %}
<div class="form-group">
<p>{{ item.label }}{{ item }}
<span style="color: red">{{ item.errors.0 }}</span>
</p>
</div>
{% endfor %}
<input type="submit" value="提交">
<span style="color: red">{{ error }}
</span>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
后端
from django import forms
from django.forms import widgets
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
class RegisterForm(forms.Form):
name = forms.CharField(
max_length=8,min_length=3, label='用户名',
error_messages={
'max_length': '最长为8',
'min_length': '最短为3'
},
widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class':'form-control'})
)
password = forms.CharField(
max_length=8, min_length=3, label='密码',
error_messages={'required': '该字段必填'},
widget=widgets.PasswordInput(
attrs={'class':'form-control'})
)
re_password = forms.CharField(
max_length=8, min_length=3, label='确认密码',
widget=widgets.PasswordInput(
attrs={'class':'form-control'})
)
email = forms.EmailField(
label='邮箱',
error_messages={
'required': '必填',
'invalid': '必须是邮箱格式'
},
widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class':'form-control'}))
max_length=8 # 最大长度
min_length=3, # 最小长度
label='用户名' # 别名
error_messages={'max_length': '最长为8', 'min_length': '最短为3'} # 错误信息
widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class':'form-control'})) # 样式
全局钩子，局部钩子(总代码)
后端
# 模型层
from django import forms
from django.forms import widgets
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
class RegisterForm(forms.Form):
name = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, label='用户名',
error_messages={'max_length': '最长为8', 'min_length': '最短为3'},
widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class':'form-control'}))
password = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, label='密码',
error_messages={'required': '该字段必填'},
widget=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={'class':'form-control'}))
re_password = forms.CharField(max_length=8, min_length=3, label='确认密码',
widget=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={'class':'form-control'}))
email = forms.EmailField(label='邮箱',
error_messages={'required': '必填', 'invalid': '必须是邮箱格式'},
widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class':'form-control'}))
def clean_name(self):#name字段的局部钩子
# 校验名字不能以sb开头
name=self.cleaned_data.get('name')
if name.startswith('sb'):
# 校验不通过，必须抛异常，
raise ValidationError('不能以sb开头')
else:#校验通过，返回name对应的值
return name
def clean(self): # 全局钩子
password=self.cleaned_data.get('password')
re_password=self.cleaned_data.get('re_password')
if re_password==password:
#校验通过
return self.cleaned_data
else:
raise ValidationError('两次密码不一致')
# 视图层
from app01 import models
def register(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
# 生成一个空form对象
register_form = RegisterForm()
return render(request, 'register.html', {'form': register_form})
else:
# 实例化得到对象，传入要校验的数据
# register_form=RegisterForm(data=request.POST)
register_form = RegisterForm(request.POST)
if register_form.is_valid():
# 校验通过，存
# 取出校验通过的数据
print('校验通过')
print(register_form.cleaned_data)
register_form.cleaned_data.pop('re_password')
models.User.objects.create(**register_form.cleaned_data)
return HttpResponse('ok')
else:
# 校验不通过
print('校验不通过')
print(register_form.errors)
error=register_form.errors.get('__all__')[0]
print(type(register_form.errors.as_json))
from django.forms.utils import ErrorDict
# name_error=register_form.errors.get('name')[0]
return render(request, 'register.html', {'form': register_form,'error':error})
前端
<h2>通过form自动渲染二(基本用这种)</h2>
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3">
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
{% for item in form %}
<div class="form-group">
<p>{{ item.label }}{{ item }} <span style="color: red">{{ item.errors.0 }}</span></p>
</div>
{% endfor %}
<input type="submit" value="提交"><span style="color: red">{{ error }}</span>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>