SpringMVC异常体系结构图

SpringMVC异常体系分析

1、源头

Springmvc中对异常的处理过程分析:

org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet#doDispatch
	protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
		HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
		boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;

		WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);

		try {
			ModelAndView mv = null;
			Exception dispatchException = null;

			try {
				processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
				multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);

				// Determine handler for the current request.
				mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
				if (mappedHandler == null) {
					noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
					return;
				}

				// Determine handler adapter for the current request.
				HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());

				// Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler.
				String method = request.getMethod();
				boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
				if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
					long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
					if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
						return;
					}
				}

				if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
					return;
				}

				// Actually invoke the handler.
				mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

				if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
					return;
				}

				applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
				mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
			}
            // 如果在调用handler方法的时候出现了异常,那么将会被catch住,然后获取得到异常!
			catch (Exception ex) {
				dispatchException = ex;
			}
			catch (Throwable err) {
				// As of 4.3, we're processing Errors thrown from handler methods as well,
				// making them available for @ExceptionHandler methods and other scenarios.
				dispatchException = new NestedServletException("Handler dispatch failed", err);
			}
            // 程序继续向下进行执行
			processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
		}
        // 如果再次出现异常,那么这里仍然会执行triggerAfterCompletion。可以看到下面如果有异常就会来执行
		catch (Exception ex) {
			triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex);
		}
		catch (Throwable err) {
			triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler,
					new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", err));
		}
		finally {
			if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
				// Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion
				if (mappedHandler != null) {
					mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
				}
			}
			else {
				// Clean up any resources used by a multipart request.
				if (multipartRequestParsed) {
					cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
				}
			}
		}
	}

总结一些这里的流程:

A、首先根据request来找到对应的handler;

B、根据handler来找到对应的adapter;

C、通过adapter执行拦截器的前置处理方法,为handler来做一个准备;

  • 如果执行结果为false,那么直接不向下执行了;也就是说都没有来得及执行到我们自己在controller中写的方法;
  • 如果执行结果为true,那么接着执行。可能这个时候才会执行到handler方法;

D、真正执行目标方法并将返回值封装到ModelAndView中来;

E、在上面的try....catch代码块中可能出现异常

  • 没有出现异常,那么将会执行拦截器的后置处理方法(这个地方也可能会出现异常!)
  • 出现异常

都会走到对转发结果的处理。实际上这里只会做两个事情:1、判断是否是跳转页面的;2、是否存在着异常,如果存在着异常,那么又将会来如何进行处理。如果异常都没有来进行处理。

然后再去执行拦截器的最终处理方法。可以看到方法的执行时机是在render渲染方法之后。这个是视图渲染,视图渲染之后也就到了即将给页面上进行响应的时机。所以这里是收尾的工作,所有的事情在这里都已经做完了,所以以后的ModelAndView都不会再做改变了。(暂且可以这样子来进行理解)

2、processDispatchResult

那么看一下processDispatchResult方法的处理:

	/**
	 * Handle the result of handler selection and handler invocation, which is
	 * either a ModelAndView or an Exception to be resolved to a ModelAndView.
	 */
	private void processDispatchResult(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
			@Nullable HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler, @Nullable ModelAndView mv,
			@Nullable Exception exception) throws Exception {
		
		boolean errorView = false;
		// 如果是从handler抛出来的异常,那么会走这里。
		if (exception != null) {
            // 如果是这个异常,那么走下面的逻辑
			if (exception instanceof ModelAndViewDefiningException) {
				logger.debug("ModelAndViewDefiningException encountered", exception);
				mv = ((ModelAndViewDefiningException) exception).getModelAndView();
			}
			else {
                // 获取得到当前的handler
				Object handler = (mappedHandler != null ? mappedHandler.getHandler() : null);
                // 开始对异常来进行处理。
				mv = processHandlerException(request, response, handler, exception);
				errorView = (mv != null);
			}
		}

		// Did the handler return a view to render?
		if (mv != null && !mv.wasCleared()) {
			render(mv, request, response);
			if (errorView) {
				WebUtils.clearErrorRequestAttributes(request);
			}
		}
		else {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("No view rendering, null ModelAndView returned.");
			}
		}

		if (WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
			// Concurrent handling started during a forward
			return;
		}

		if (mappedHandler != null) {
			// Exception (if any) is already handled..
             // 如果有异常的话,这里已经处理完了
            // 还是会来做一些收尾性质的工作。一般说来,这里不会再来动reqeust和response
			mappedHandler.triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null);
		}
	}

所以可以看到来对异常进行处理的方法:

    @Nullable
    protected ModelAndView processHandlerException(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        request.removeAttribute(HandlerMapping.PRODUCIBLE_MEDIA_TYPES_ATTRIBUTE);
        ModelAndView exMv = null;
        // 遍历获取得到所有的异常解析器。
        // 如果没有自定义的异常处理器,那么就是框架中提供的几个来进行处理
        // 当然也可以自己来定义异常解析器,这里有对应的接口,只需要来做一个实现即可。在下面将会来做一个异常解析器
        if (this.handlerExceptionResolvers != null) {
            Iterator var6 = this.handlerExceptionResolvers.iterator();

            while(var6.hasNext()) {
                HandlerExceptionResolver resolver = (HandlerExceptionResolver)var6.next();
                // 遍历获取得到每个异常解析器,来对异常来进行处理。返回解析后的modelAndView视图信息
                exMv = resolver.resolveException(request, response, handler, ex);
                // 只有不为空的时候,Springmvc认为才是可以来对其进行处理的异常解析器
                if (exMv != null) {
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        if (exMv != null) {
            // 为空,直接返回为null
            if (exMv.isEmpty()) {
                request.setAttribute(EXCEPTION_ATTRIBUTE, ex);
                return null;
            } else {
                // 没有包含视图信息
                if (!exMv.hasView()) {
                    String defaultViewName = this.getDefaultViewName(request);
                    if (defaultViewName != null) {
                        exMv.setViewName(defaultViewName);
                    }
                }

                if (this.logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                    this.logger.trace("Using resolved error view: " + exMv, ex);
                } else if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    this.logger.debug("Using resolved error view: " + exMv);
                }
                WebUtils.exposeErrorRequestAttributes(request, ex, this.getServletName());
                // 将ModelAndView进行返回
                return exMv;
            }
        } else {
            throw ex;
        }
    }

3、异常体系图

所以重点就在于如何对异常来进行解析并返回对应的ModelAndView的。

public interface HandlerExceptionResolver {
    @Nullable
    ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest var1, HttpServletResponse var2, @Nullable Object var3, Exception var4);
}

接下来就来到了重点接口中,那么查看这个接口中只有一个方法,方法名称表示的是用来处理异常。那么看一下整个体系图:

SpringMVC异常体系结构图

从继承体系中可以看到AbstractHandlerExceptionResolver整个类的处理方式是整个异常处理解析器的父类,那么看一下父类中是如何来进行处理的:

    @Nullable
    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable Object handler, Exception ex) {
        // 首先来判断该异常解析能够来处理当前的异常
        // 如果不能够处理,那么
        if (!this.shouldApplyTo(request, handler)) {
            return null;
        } else {
            this.prepareResponse(ex, response);
            // 如果能够处理当前handler抛出的异常信息
            ModelAndView result = this.doResolveException(request, response, handler, ex);
            if (result != null) {
                if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled() && (this.warnLogger == null || !this.warnLogger.isWarnEnabled())) {
                    this.logger.debug("Resolved [" + ex + "]" + (result.isEmpty() ? "" : " to " + result));
                }

                this.logException(ex, request);
            }

            return result;
        }
    }

那么看一下对应的shouldApplyTo方法:

    protected boolean shouldApplyTo(HttpServletRequest request, @Nullable Object handler) {
        if (handler != null) {
            // 判断所有的handler中是否包含了当前的handler。如果包含了,那么执行下一步
            if (this.mappedHandlers != null && this.mappedHandlers.contains(handler)) {
                return true;
            }

            if (this.mappedHandlerClasses != null) {
                Class[] var3 = this.mappedHandlerClasses;
                int var4 = var3.length;

                for(int var5 = 0; var5 < var4; ++var5) {
                    Class<?> handlerClass = var3[var5];
                    if (handlerClass.isInstance(handler)) {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return this.mappedHandlers == null && this.mappedHandlerClasses == null;
    }

异常处理器能够来进行处理,如果可以,那么返回true;如果不能,那么返回false

这里涉及到了两个对象:mappedHandlers 和 mappedHandlerClasses:

  • mappedHandlers:存储的是处理器对象(Controller 或者 Controller 中的方法)
  • mappedHandlerClasses:存储的是处理器的 Class。

我们在配置异常解析器的时候可以配置这两个对象,进而实现该异常处理器只为某一个处理器服务,但是一般来说没这种需求,所以大家仅做了解即可。

如果开发者一开始配置了 mappedHandlers 或者 mappedHandlerClasses,则用这两个和处理器去比较,否则就直接返回 true,表示支持该异常处理。

所以紧接着来到了父类的doResolveException,对异常做处理的方法中来。

    @Nullable
    protected abstract ModelAndView doResolveException(HttpServletRequest var1, HttpServletResponse var2, @Nullable Object var3, Exception var4);

发现父类中是一个抽象方法,那么就说明了这个方法是一个模板方法,交付给各自的子类来进行处理。所以下面就来到了各自的子类中是如何来进行处理的。

那么断点打一下,看看对应的执行顺序:

SpringMVC异常体系结构图

那么依次来看每个异常处理器的处理方式:

org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.error.DefaultErrorAttributes#resolveException

对应的处理方式:

    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) {
        this.storeErrorAttributes(request, ex);
        return null;
    }

这里是直接将异常信息进行了存储,然后返回null。但是根据上面的判断,如果是null,那么将会进入到下一轮循环中去

org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerExceptionResolverComposite#resolveException

顺便说一下,看看这里的继承方式:

public class HandlerExceptionResolverComposite implements HandlerExceptionResolver, Ordered {....}

看一下对应的加载顺序等等操作。

那么接着看对应的处理方式,因为这个是一个组合的,而且里面有三个异常处理器。所以下面接着看每一个是如何来进行处理的。

org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerExceptionResolver#resolveException

这个是父类中的方法,父类中只是来做了一个处理方式,但是因为这里的resolveException方法是抽象的,那么这里将会挨个去调用子类中独有的方法来进行操作。

	public ModelAndView resolveException(
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable Object handler, Exception ex) {

		if (this.resolvers != null) {
			for (HandlerExceptionResolver handlerExceptionResolver : this.resolvers) {
				ModelAndView mav = handlerExceptionResolver.resolveException(request, response, handler, ex);
				if (mav != null) {
					return mav;
				}
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

然后看一下调用:

	public ModelAndView resolveException(
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable Object handler, Exception ex) {

		if (shouldApplyTo(request, handler)) {
			prepareResponse(ex, response);
			ModelAndView result = doResolveException(request, response, handler, ex);
			if (result != null) {
				// Print debug message when warn logger is not enabled.
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled() && (this.warnLogger == null || !this.warnLogger.isWarnEnabled())) {
					logger.debug("Resolved [" + ex + "]" + (result.isEmpty() ? "" : " to " + result));
				}
				// Explicitly configured warn logger in logException method.
				logException(ex, request);
			}
			return result;
		}
		else {
			return null;
		}
	}

首先调用 shouldApplyTo 方法判断当前解析器是否可以处理传入的处理器(handler)所抛出的异常,如果不支持,则直接返回 null,这个异常将交给下一个 HandlerExceptionResolver 去处理。
调用 prepareResponse 方法处理 response。(设置缓存为不缓存)
调用 doResolveException 方法实际处理异常,这是一个模版方法,具体的实现在子类中。
调用 logException 方法记录异常日志信息。

记录异常日志没啥好说的,doResolveException 则是一个空的模版方法,所以这里对我们来说主要就是两个方法:shouldApplyTo 和 prepareResponse,我们分别来看。

shouldApplyTo 方法:

	protected boolean shouldApplyTo(HttpServletRequest request, @Nullable Object handler) {
		if (handler != null) {
             // handler并来判断是否包含当前的handler。
            // 所以这里就不应该是所有的handler
			if (this.mappedHandlers != null && this.mappedHandlers.contains(handler)) {
				return true;
			}
             // 如果上面的handler排除了,将会走到这个方法来
			if (this.mappedHandlerClasses != null) {
				for (Class<?> handlerClass : this.mappedHandlerClasses) {
					if (handlerClass.isInstance(handler)) {
						return true;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		return !hasHandlerMappings();
	}

这里涉及到了两个对象:mappedHandlers 和 mappedHandlerClasses:

mappedHandlers:存储的是处理器对象(Controller 或者 Controller 中的方法)
mappedHandlerClasses:存储的是处理器的 Class。

我们在配置异常解析器的时候可以配置这两个对象,进而实现该异常处理器只为某一个处理器服务,但是一般来说没这种需求,所以大家仅做了解即可。

如果开发者一开始配置了 mappedHandlers 或者 mappedHandlerClasses,则用这两个和处理器去比较,否则就直接返回 true,表示支持该异常处理。

这里只是一个简单说明,一般来说不会这样子来进行使用。所以这里我们默认返回的是true。

doResolveException

	protected final ModelAndView doResolveException(
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable Object handler, Exception ex) {
		HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (handler instanceof HandlerMethod ? (HandlerMethod) handler : null);
		return doResolveHandlerMethodException(request, response, handlerMethod, ex);
	}

我们的Handler都是这个HandlerMethod类型的

doResolveException这个方法是父类的,那么看一下每个子类中的实现:

org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver#doResolveHandlerMethodException
	protected ModelAndView doResolveHandlerMethodException(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable HandlerMethod handlerMethod, Exception exception) {
		ServletInvocableHandlerMethod exceptionHandlerMethod = getExceptionHandlerMethod(handlerMethod, exception);
		if (exceptionHandlerMethod == null) {
			return null;
		}

		if (this.argumentResolvers != null) {
			exceptionHandlerMethod.setHandlerMethodArgumentResolvers(this.argumentResolvers);
		}
		if (this.returnValueHandlers != null) {
			exceptionHandlerMethod.setHandlerMethodReturnValueHandlers(this.returnValueHandlers);
		}

		ServletWebRequest webRequest = new ServletWebRequest(request, response);
		ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer = new ModelAndViewContainer();

		try {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Using @ExceptionHandler " + exceptionHandlerMethod);
			}
			Throwable cause = exception.getCause();
			if (cause != null) {
				// Expose cause as provided argument as well
				exceptionHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(webRequest, mavContainer, exception, cause, handlerMethod);
			}
			else {
				// Otherwise, just the given exception as-is
				exceptionHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(webRequest, mavContainer, exception, handlerMethod);
			}
		}
		catch (Throwable invocationEx) {
			// Any other than the original exception (or its cause) is unintended here,
			// probably an accident (e.g. failed assertion or the like).
			if (invocationEx != exception && invocationEx != exception.getCause() && logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
				logger.warn("Failure in @ExceptionHandler " + exceptionHandlerMethod, invocationEx);
			}
			// Continue with default processing of the original exception...
			return null;
		}

		if (mavContainer.isRequestHandled()) {
			return new ModelAndView();
		}
		else {
			ModelMap model = mavContainer.getModel();
			HttpStatus status = mavContainer.getStatus();
			ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView(mavContainer.getViewName(), model, status);
			mav.setViewName(mavContainer.getViewName());
			if (!mavContainer.isViewReference()) {
				mav.setView((View) mavContainer.getView());
			}
			if (model instanceof RedirectAttributes) {
				Map<String, ?> flashAttributes = ((RedirectAttributes) model).getFlashAttributes();
				RequestContextUtils.getOutputFlashMap(request).putAll(flashAttributes);
			}
			return mav;
		}
	}

1、首先查找到带有 @ExceptionHandler和@controllerAdvice注解的方法,封装成一个 ServletInvocableHandlerMethod 对象(关于 ServletInvocableHandlerMethod 对象;

2、如果找到了对应的方法,则为 exceptionHandlerMethod 配置参数解析器、视图解析器等。因为也要对参数和返回值来做处理

3、获取得到指定的异常,交给当前对象来进行处理;

4、如果当前类无法处理异常,则继续抛出,交给下一个异常处理器来进行处理;因为无法处理的时候,会继续抛出,抛出会返回null,而如果modelandview为null,将会继续下一个异常处理器来解决。

所以我们就看一下ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver如何来进行判断的。

之前已经说过了,找到了@ExceptionHandler和@controllerAdvice注解的类和对应的方法

	public void invokeAndHandle(ServletWebRequest webRequest, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
			Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {
		
		Object returnValue = invokeForRequest(webRequest, mavContainer, providedArgs);
		setResponseStatus(webRequest);

		if (returnValue == null) {
			if (isRequestNotModified(webRequest) || getResponseStatus() != null || mavContainer.isRequestHandled()) {
				disableContentCachingIfNecessary(webRequest);
				mavContainer.setRequestHandled(true);
				return;
			}
		}
		else if (StringUtils.hasText(getResponseStatusReason())) {
			mavContainer.setRequestHandled(true);
			return;
		}

		mavContainer.setRequestHandled(false);
		Assert.state(this.returnValueHandlers != null, "No return value handlers");
		try {
			this.returnValueHandlers.handleReturnValue(
					returnValue, getReturnValueType(returnValue), mavContainer, webRequest);
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace(formatErrorForReturnValue(returnValue), ex);
			}
			throw ex;
		}
	}

1、确定参数值和返回值后,得到返回值。如果返回值为空,那么设置当前请求结束了;如果返回值不为空,那么继续向下执行;

@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

    @ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)
    public void defaultExceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest request,Exception e){
        System.out.println(request.getRequestURI());
        System.out.println(e);
    }
}    

响应完成之后,页面上什么都没有显示。

2、判断ResponseStatus中的reason是否是有值的,如果有值,也结束请求,直接返回。

这里就让我想起来了我犯的一个错误:

@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

    /**
     * 能够处理这种请求
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)
    @ResponseStatus(value = HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,reason = "响应成功")
    public String defaultExceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest request,Exception e){
        System.out.println(request.getRequestURI());
        System.out.println(e);
        return "success";
    }
}    

正是因为加了这个reason,所以我的页面上直接把错误抛出来了。

SpringMVC异常体系结构图

找了这个问题找了半天,这里记录一下。

所以对于ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver这个异常处理器来说,使用的时候注意一点,必须要有@ExceptionHandler和@controllerAdvice或者有其衍生注解。如:@ExceptionHandler和@RestControllerAdvice或者是@ExceptionHandler和@RestControllerAdvice

如果有@ResponseStatus注解,那么一定注意,不要写reason,否则写了等于没有对异常来做处理。

最佳实践:

    @ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
    public ResponseVO<String> defaultExceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest request,Exception e){
        Log.error("requestURI:{} ",request.getRequestURI(),e);
        return ResponseUtil.error();
    }

3、对返回值做处理,如果是成功的话,那么将直接new ModelAndView()进行返回,那么对于参数解析器的处理将会直接处理成功。

否则返回null,继续下一个参数处理器的处理。

org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver#doResolveException

从名字上可以看到是默认的异常处理器,用来处理一些常见的异常类型

	protected ModelAndView doResolveException(
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable Object handler, Exception ex) {

		try {
			if (ex instanceof HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException) {
				return handleHttpRequestMethodNotSupported(
						(HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
			else if (ex instanceof HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException) {
				return handleHttpMediaTypeNotSupported(
						(HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
			else if (ex instanceof HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException) {
				return handleHttpMediaTypeNotAcceptable(
						(HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
			else if (ex instanceof MissingPathVariableException) {
				return handleMissingPathVariable(
						(MissingPathVariableException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
			else if (ex instanceof MissingServletRequestParameterException) {
				return handleMissingServletRequestParameter(
						(MissingServletRequestParameterException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
			else if (ex instanceof ServletRequestBindingException) {
				return handleServletRequestBindingException(
						(ServletRequestBindingException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
			else if (ex instanceof ConversionNotSupportedException) {
				return handleConversionNotSupported(
						(ConversionNotSupportedException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
			else if (ex instanceof TypeMismatchException) {
				return handleTypeMismatch(
						(TypeMismatchException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
			else if (ex instanceof HttpMessageNotReadableException) {
				return handleHttpMessageNotReadable(
						(HttpMessageNotReadableException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
			else if (ex instanceof HttpMessageNotWritableException) {
				return handleHttpMessageNotWritable(
						(HttpMessageNotWritableException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
			else if (ex instanceof MethodArgumentNotValidException) {
				return handleMethodArgumentNotValidException(
						(MethodArgumentNotValidException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
			else if (ex instanceof MissingServletRequestPartException) {
				return handleMissingServletRequestPartException(
						(MissingServletRequestPartException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
			else if (ex instanceof BindException) {
				return handleBindException((BindException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
			else if (ex instanceof NoHandlerFoundException) {
				return handleNoHandlerFoundException(
						(NoHandlerFoundException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
			else if (ex instanceof AsyncRequestTimeoutException) {
				return handleAsyncRequestTimeoutException(
						(AsyncRequestTimeoutException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}
		}
		catch (Exception handlerEx) {
			if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
				logger.warn("Failure while trying to resolve exception [" + ex.getClass().getName() + "]", handlerEx);
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

可以看到,这里实际上就是根据不同的异常类型,然后调用不同的类去处理该异常。这里相关的处理都比较容易,以 HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException 为例,异常处理就是对 response 对象做一些配置,如下:

	protected ModelAndView handleHttpRequestMethodNotSupported(HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException ex,
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable Object handler) throws IOException {

		String[] supportedMethods = ex.getSupportedMethods();
		if (supportedMethods != null) {
			response.setHeader("Allow", StringUtils.arrayToDelimitedString(supportedMethods, ", "));
		}
		response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, ex.getMessage());
		return new ModelAndView();
	}

配置响应头,然后 sendError,最后返回一个空的 ModelAndView 对象。

继续到下一个异常解析器:

org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.ResponseStatusExceptionResolver#doResolveException

这个从名字上看就是对ResponseStatus来做处理的异常解析器:

	protected ModelAndView doResolveException(
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable Object handler, Exception ex) {

		try {
			if (ex instanceof ResponseStatusException) {
				return resolveResponseStatusException((ResponseStatusException) ex, request, response, handler);
			}

			ResponseStatus status = AnnotatedElementUtils.findMergedAnnotation(ex.getClass(), ResponseStatus.class);
			if (status != null) {
				return resolveResponseStatus(status, request, response, handler, ex);
			}

			if (ex.getCause() instanceof Exception) {
				return doResolveException(request, response, handler, (Exception) ex.getCause());
			}
		}
		catch (Exception resolveEx) {
			if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
				logger.warn("Failure while trying to resolve exception [" + ex.getClass().getName() + "]", resolveEx);
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

可以看到,首先判断异常类型是不是 ResponseStatusException,如果是,则直接调用 resolveResponseStatusException 方法进行异常信息处理,如果不是,则去查找到异常类上的 @ResponseStatus 注解,并从中查找出相关的异常信息,然后调用 resolveResponseStatus 方法进行处理。

可以看到,ResponseStatusExceptionResolver 处理的异常类型有两种:

直接继承自 ResponseStatusException 的异常类,这种异常类可以直接从里边提取出来想要的信息。
通过 @ResponseStatus 注解的普通异常类,这种情况下异常信息从 @ResponseStatus 注解中提取出来。
举一个例子来进行说明:

第一种方式:

public class MyException extends ResponseStatusException {
   public MyException(Integer  code){
       super(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
   }
}

第二种方式:

@ResponseStatus(value= HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN,reason = "用户数量太多")
public class UserTooManyException extends RuntimeException {

    public  UserTooManyException(){

    }
    public  UserTooManyException(String message){
        super(message);
    }
}

那么来到最后一个

org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver#doResolveException
	protected ModelAndView doResolveException(
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @Nullable Object handler, Exception ex) {

		// Expose ModelAndView for chosen error view.
		String viewName = determineViewName(ex, request);
		if (viewName != null) {
			// Apply HTTP status code for error views, if specified.
			// Only apply it if we're processing a top-level request.
			Integer statusCode = determineStatusCode(request, viewName);
			if (statusCode != null) {
				applyStatusCodeIfPossible(request, response, statusCode);
			}
			return getModelAndView(viewName, ex, request);
		}
		else {
			return null;
		}
	}

没有用过这个,既然排在最后一个,那么这里就不来进行测试使用了。

自定义异常:

@Order(value= Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)  //优先级,数字越小优先级越高
@Component
public class CustomerHandlerExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
    // 看看这里传递的参数,那么说明我们也可以这样子来传参
    @Override
    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest request,
                                         HttpServletResponse response,
                                         Object handler, Exception ex) {

        try {
            response.sendError(511,"我喜欢的错误");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return new ModelAndView();
    }
}

参考:https://blog.csdn.net/u012702547/article/details/115732704?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501

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