http,javascript的编码解码

2022-05-22 00:30:37

http,javascript的编码解码

请求与响应的编码应分开分析
两者的编码，解码处理是相对独立的流程
依赖于相对独立的header: request header, response header

ajax相关
http的请求分三部分
header iso-8859-1
uri utf-8编码(待实验)
body utf-8编码(待实验)

响应
header iso-8859-1
body 由服务器指定编码方式
响应的数据由浏览器根据返回的头部的编码方式解码
解码后传递给 javascript处理
最好在响应头部指定具体的编码方式

eg

</pre><p><pre name="code" class="html"><!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="GBK">
<script src="jquery.js"></script>
<script src="app.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

app.js
访问 b.jsp butf8.jsp均正常显示中文

$(function(){
$.ajax({
"url": "b.jsp", // "url": "butf8.jsp",
"type": "get",
"dataType": "json",
"success": function(data){
alert(data["yy"]);
$("div").text(data["yy"]);
}
});
});

b.jsp
保存为gbk文件

<%@ page contentType="text/json;charset=gbk" %>
<%
out.println("{\"中文\":\"xx6\",\"yy\":\"英文6\"}");
%>

butf8.jsp
保存为utf8文件

<%@ page contentType="text/json;charset=utf-8" %>
<%
out.println("{\"中文\":\"xx5\",\"yy\":\"英文5\"}");

%>

======================================

app.js

$(function(){
$("#ss").on("click", function(){
var p = $("p").text();
alert(p);
var pp = {"a": p+p, "b":"1"};
alert(JSON.stringify(pp));
$.ajax({
"url": "b.jsp",
"contentType":"text/json",
"data": JSON.stringify(pp),
//"data":pp,
"type": "post",
"dataType": "json",
"success": function(data){
//alert(data["yy"]);
$("div").text(data["yy"]);
$("p").text(data["yy"]);
}
});
});
});

b.jsp

<%@ page import="java.io.InputStream" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/json;charset=gbk" %>
<%
out.println("{\"中文\":\"xx6\",\"yy\":\"英文6\"}");
%>
<%
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024 * 1024];
InputStream is = request.getInputStream();
int nRead = 1;
int nTotalRead = 0;
while (nRead > 0) {
nRead = is.read(bytes, nTotalRead, bytes.length - nTotalRead);
if (nRead > 0)
nTotalRead = nTotalRead + nRead;
}
String str = new String(bytes, 0, nTotalRead, "gbk");
System.out.println("Str:" + str);
%>

原文为 "英文6英文6"

输出为 Str:{"a":"鑻辨枃6鑻辨枃6","b":"1"}

String str = new String(bytes, 0, nTotalRead, "utf-8");

输出为 Str:{"a":"英文6英文6","b":"1"}

说明: javascript提交时("contentType":"text/json",),("contentType":"application/json"), 直接把英文6英文6 编码为 utf-8 字节流

post观察的内容为: {"a":"鑻辨枃6鑻辨枃6","b":"1"}

按gbk解码为 "鑻辨枃6鑻辨枃6" , 按utf-8解码为英文6英文6

********************

post缺省提交时
a=%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%876%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%876&b=1

utf-8 uriencode